A gene is best defined as

a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product

Which of the following statements about DNA is TRUE

a) DNA polymerase joins nucleotides in one direction only

b) The leading strand of DNA is made continuously

c) the lagging strand of DNA is started by an RNA primer

d) multiple replication forks are possible on a bacterial chromosome

DNA is constructed of

two strands of nucleotides running antiparellel

Which of the following is NOT a product of transcription

a new strand o DNA

Which of the following is a product of transcription

a) rRNA

b) tRNA

c) mRNA

Which of the following about bacteriocins are TRUE

a) the genes coding for them are on plasmids

b) Nisin is a bacteriocin used as food preservative

c) they can be used to identify certain bacteria

d) bacteriocins kill bacteria

When glucose is high, cAMP is _______: CAP ________bind the lac operator, and RNA polymerase _____ bind the lac promoter

cAMP is low

CAP does not

RNA polymerase does not

Transformation is the transfer fo DNA from a donor to a recipient cell

as naked DNA in solution

Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by

a) mutation

b) conjugation

c) transduction

d) transformation

Which of the following regarding a bacterium that is R⁺ is True

a) It possesses a plasmid

b) R+ can be transferred to a cell of the same species

c) it is resistant to certain drugs and heavy metal

d) R⁺ can be transferred to a different species

The initial effect of ionizing radiation on a cell is

the formation of highly reactive ions

According to the operon model, for the synthesis of an inducible enzyme to occur, the

substrate must bind to the repressor

Synthesis of a repressible enzyme is stopped by the

corepressor-repressor complex binding to the operator

The damage caused by ultraviolet radiation is

cut out and replaced

Conjugation differs from reproduction because conjugation

transfers DNA horizontally, to cells in the same generation

if you mix the DNA polymerase Thermus aquaticus and the template from human cell. The DNA synthesized would be most similar to

human DNA

An enzyme that makes covalent bonds betwwen nucleotide sequences in DNA is

DNA ligase

An enzyme that copies DNA to make a molecule of RNA is

RNA polymerase

An enzyme that catalyzes the cutting and resealing of DNA, and is translated from insertion sequences is

transposase

Repair of damage DNA might be viewed as a race between an endonuclease and

methylase

The miRNAs in a cell

allow different cells to produce different proteins

Protein synthesis in eukaryotes is similar to the process in prokaryotes in that both

use codons to determine polypeptide sequences

Recombination will always alter a cell's genotype

TRUE

Bacteria contain multiple chromosomes

FALSE

Mutation that are harmful to cells occur more tan those that benefit cells

TRUE

Some organisms contain multiple genomes

FALSE

Both base substitution and frameshift mutations can result in the formation of premature stop codon

TRUE