How much of the total body weight of the average adult is muscle tissue?

40-50%

The different types of muscle tissue differ from each other by?

Microscopic anatomy, location, and type of control

Which of the following is NOT a major function of muscle tissue?

Storing energy

This is the property of muscle that gives it the ability to stretch without damage.

Extensibility

Is an isometric contraction the muscle develops tension but does not?

Shorten

This is a band of connective tissue that surrounds muscles

Epimysium

When connective tissue extends as a broad flat layer, the tendon is referred to as

Aponeurosis

For every nerve that penetrates a skeletal muscle there are general how many arteries and veins?

One artery and one or two veins

Axon terminal clusters at the ends of neuromuscular junctions are referred to as:

Synaptic end bulbs

After the fusion of myoblasts, the muscle fiber loses its ability to do what?

Grow, lengthen, contract, and go through mitosis

The sequence that muscle action potentials must go through to excite a muscle cell

Myofibrils, myofilaments, mitochondria

The mitochondria in muscle fiber are arranged

Closest to the sarcolemma

These are the contractile organelles of the muscle fiber.

Myofibrils

This is part of the skeletal muscle cell releases calcium when stimulated by the T-tubules.

Terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum

The sarcoplasmic reticulum is used for storing

Ca+

Which of the following contain thin filaments?

I band, A band, and H zone

Which of the following contain thick filament?

Zone of overlap, A band, and H zone

Myofibrils contain

Contractile proteins, regulatory proteins, and structural proteins

Which of the following functions as a motor protein in all three types of muscle tissue?

Myosin

What regulatory proteins can be found on an actin molecule?

Tropomyosin and Troponin

Titin is found in a sarcomere

From M line to Z disc

Which of the following is used to reinforce the sarcolemma?

Dystrophin

In the sliding filament mechanism, the thin filament is being pulled towards the

M line

The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions into the cytosol

At the beginning of a contraction

What energizes the myosin head?

ATP hydrolysis reaction

What is needed for the contraction cycle to continue?

Ca, ATP, and ACh

This results from a muscle action potential propagating along the sarcolemma and into the T tubules.

Excitation

The signal to excite a muscle cell must cross the neuromuscular junction by the diffusion of acetylcholine across the

Synaptic cleft

How many molecules of acetylcholine need to bind to open the ion channel of the ACh receptor?

10

How do muscles produce ATP?

Creatine phosphate, anaerobic cellular respiration, and aerobic cellular respiration

Creatine phosphate and ATP together create enough energy for a muscle to contract for

15 seconds

This consists of a somatic motor neuron plus all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates.

Motor unit

This is a brief contraction of all muscle fibers in a motor unit in response to a single action potential.

Twitch contraction

This is also referred to as the period of lost excitability

Refractory period

A sustained contraction is

Tetanus

Increasing the number of active motor units is called

Motor unit recruitment

This is the least powerful type of muscle fiber.

Slow oxidative fiber

Which of the below structures is found in cardiac muscle tissue but not skeletal muscle tissue?

Intercalated discs

Which of the following exhibits autorhythmicity?

Cardiac muscle fibers

Smooth muscle tone is due to the prolonged presence of what in the cytosol?

Calcium ions

Hyperplasia is

An increase in the number of muscle fibers