A cell may allow a large or charged chemical to move across the cytoplasmic membrane, down the chemical's electrical and chemical gradients, in a process called _____________.

1. active transport
2. facilitated diffusion
3. endocytosis
4. pinocytosis

2. facilitated diffusion

Which of the following is most associated with diffusion?

1. symports
2. antiports
3. carrier proteins
4. endocytosis

3. carrier proteins

Which of the following is not associated with prokaryotic organisms?

1. nucleoid
2. glycocalyx
3. cilia
4. circular DNA

3. Cilia

which of the following statements is true?

1. The cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan.
2. Peptidoglycan is a fatty acid.
3. Gram-positive bacterial walls have a relatively thin layer of peptidoglycan anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane by teichoic acids.
4. Peptidoglycan is found mainly in the cell walls of fungi, algae, and plants.

1. The cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan.

Which of the following is not a function of a glycocalyx?

1. It forms pseudopods for faster mobility of an organism
2. It can protect a bacterial cell from drying out
3. It hides a bacterial cell from other cells
4. It allows a bacterium to stick to a host

1. It forms psuedopods for faster mobility of an organism.

Bacterial Flagella ____________.

1. are anchored to the cell by a basal body.
2. are composed of hami.
3. are surrounded by an extension of the cytoplasmic membrane.
4. are composed of tubulin in hollow microtubules in a "9 + 2" arrangement

1. are anchored to the cell by a basal body.

Which cellular structure is important in classifying a bacterial species as Gram positive or Gram negative?

1. flagella
2. cell wall
3. cilia
4. glycocalyx

2. cell wall

Gram positive bacteria ___________.

1. have a thick cell wall, which retains crystal violet dye
2. contain teichoic acids in their cell walls
3. appear purple after Gram staining
4. all of the above

4. all of the above

Endospores ____________.

1. are reproductive structures of some bacteria
2. occur in some archaea
3. can cause shock, fever,and inflammation
4. are dormant, resistant cells

4. are dormant, resistant cells

Glycocalyx

"sweet cup" composed of polysaccharides and/or polypeptides

Flagella

Long whip

Made of tubulin in eukaryotes

Made of flagellin in bacteria

Axial filaments

Responsible for motility of spirochetes

Cilia

Made of tubulin in eukaryotes

Fimbriae

Bristlelike projections found in quantities of 100 or more

Pili

Responsible for conjugation

Extensions not used for cell motility

Hami

Numerous "grappling-hook" projections