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Osmosis

1.

The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane is what?

Passive transport, because no energy is expended by the cell to make it happen

2.

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

3.

Water diffuses across a from the region of?

Lower solute to higher solute, until it is equal on both sides.

4.

What is the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water?

Tonicity

5.

* Solute concentration is the same as that inside the cell no net water movement across the plasma membrane *

Isotonic solution

6.

Solute concentration is Greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water

Hypertonic solution (shriveling)

7.

Solute concentration is Less then that inside of the cell; cell gains water.

Hypotonic solution (burst)

8.

What creates problems for organisms?

hypotonic and hypertonic environments

9.

The control of solute concentrations and water balance is a necessary adaption for life in such environments.

Osmoregulation

10.

What has a contractile vacuole that acts as a pump?

The protest paramecium, which is hypertonic, to its pond water

11.

Cell walls help maintain what?

water balance

12.

A plant cell in a hypotonic solution swells until the wall opposes uptake; the cell is now what?

Turgid (firm)

13.

If a plant cells surroundings are isotonic, then?

There is no net movement of qater into the cell; the cell becomes flaccid (limp) and the plant may wilt

14.

In a hypertonic environment, plant cells lose water, eventually?

The membrane pulls away form the wall

15.

This is a lethal effect called

Plasmolysis