BEGINNING OF CH. 16

BEGINNING OF CH. 16 (back of card)

An acid containing the COOH group is called a carbo-oxy acid.

False

A substance that is capable of acting as both an acid and as a base is ________.

ambiprotic

Ammonia is a ________.

weak base

The rate determining step is always the fastest step.

False

Which of the following is an exothermic reaction?

Burning gasoline when driving a car.
Creating an explosion by detonating nitroglycerine.
Burning propane gas in a barbecue.
All of the above are exothermic reactions.

All of the above are exothermic reactions.

If the reaction has a negative overall energy change, then ________.

the reaction is exothermic

Which of the following "adjustments" can be made to a chemical reaction system to increase the rate of reaction?

Increase the reaction temperature.
Increase the concentrations of the reactants.
Add a catalyst.
All of the above will increase the rate of reaction.
None of the above will increase the rate of reaction.

All of the above will increase the rate of reaction.

Which of the following does not influence the speed of a chemical reaction?

Concentration of the reactants.
Molecular mass of the reactants.
Surface area of solid reactants.
Temperature.

Molecular mass of the reactants.

Which of the following may be considered as biochemical catalysts?

Lipids.
Carbohydrates.
Enzymes.
DNA.

Enzymes.

Generally in a biochemical reaction the first step involves ________.

the reaction of the substrate with the active site of the enzyme

Which of the following statements is true?

Decreasing the collision rate occurs at higher temperatures.
Increasing the collision rate increases the rate of the reaction.
Lowering the concentration of the reactants increases the number of collisions.
Increasing the concentration of the reactants decreases the rate of reaction.

Increasing the collision rate increases the rate of the reaction.

The rate of a reaction may be increased by ________.
increasing the concentration of reactants
adding a catalyst
increasing the temperature
All of the above.

All of the above.

It is possible to determine a given reaction's mechanism without performing any experiments of any kind.

False

Which of the following is true about enzymes?

They contain specifically shaped pockets that fit only specific reactant molecules.
They are very large proteins.
They speed up reactions in a selective fashion.
All of the above are true.

All of the above are true.

A Lewis acid is an electron-pair acceptor, and a Lewis base is an electron-pair donor.

True

BEGINNING OF CH. 17

BEGINNING OF CH. 17 (back of card)

The extent of ionization of a weak electrolyte is increased by adding to the solution a strong electrolyte that has an ion in common with the weak electrolyte.

False

What change will be caused by addition of a small amount of HCl to a solution containing fluoride ions and hydrogen fluoride?

The concentration of fluoride ion will decrease and the concentration of hydrogen fluoride will increase.

The primary buffer system that controls the pH of the blood is the ________ buffer system.

carbonic acid, bicarbonate

Human blood is ________.

slightly basic

What are the principal organs that regulate the pH of the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system in the blood?

lungs, kidneys

Which one of the following will cause hemoglobin to release oxygen?

Increase in O2 concentration.
Decrease in pH.
Decrease in CO2 concentration.
Increase in pH.
Decrease in temperature.

Decrease in pH.

Why does fluoride treatment render teeth more resistant to decay?

Fluoride converts hydroxyapatite to fluoroapatite that is less reactive with acids.

Which below best describe(s) the behavior of an amphoteric hydroxide in water?

With both conc. aq. NaOH and conc. aq. HCl, its suspension dissolves.
With conc. aq. NaOH, its clear solution forms a precipitate.
With conc. aq. HCl, its clear solution forms a precipitate.
With conc. aq. HCl, its suspension dissolves.
With conc. aq. NaOH, its suspension dissolves.

With both conc. aq. NaOH and conc. aq. HCl, its suspension dissolves.

Animals will lick up ethylene glycol (antifreeze) due to its sweet taste. The antidote for ethylene glycol poisoning is the administration of

ethyl alcohol ( alcoholic drinks).

Identify a good buffer.

Significant amounts of both a weak acid and its conjugate base.

Which of the following is true?

An effective buffer has a [base]/[acid] ratio in the range of 10 - 100.
A buffer is most resistant to pH change when [acid] = [conjugate base].
An effective buffer has very small absolute concentrations of acid and conjugate base.
A buffer can not be destroyed by adding too much strong base. It can only be destroyed by adding too much strong acid.
None of the above are true.

A buffer is most resistant to pH change when [acid] = [conjugate base].

Define buffer capacity.

Buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a buffer without destroying its effectiveness.

For any buffer system, the buffer capacity depends on the amount of acid and base from which the buffer is made.

True

The solubility product of a compound is numerically equal to the product of the concentration of the ions involved in the equilibrium, each multiplied by its coefficient in the equilibrium reaction.

False

The solubility of a slightly soluble salt is decreased by the presence of a second solute that provides a common ion to the system.

True

The solubility of slightly soluble salts containing basic anions is proportional to the pH of the solution.

False

END

Good luck on the exam!

END (back of card)