tricology

technical name for the study of hair

follicle

the tube like "pocket" that hair grows from also known as a root sheath, determines curl pattern

papilla

filled with capillaries that supply nourishment to cells around it

hair bulb

the part of the hair follicle at the base of the hair that produces new hair and grows hair

hair fiber

portion of hair that extends above the skin's surface

anagen stage

active growing stage, attached root sheath 2-6 years

catagen stage

brief transitional stage, cell division stops, a few weeks

telogen stage

resting period, no attached root sheath, hair falls out

kerantinization

process of cells changing shape, drying out and forming keratin protein

cuticle

outer layer of hair shaft, made up of overlapping transparent cells

cortex

2nd layer of hair consisting of unique structures that give the hair most of its pigment and strength (elasticity)

medulla

central core of hair shaft, not in fine hair

germinal matrix cells

undergo cell division, produce cells that ultimately keratinize and form the 3 layers of hair

arrector pilli muscle

cause hair to stand on end when a person is either cold or scared

sebaceous gland

produce sebum to prevent hair and skin form becoming too dry

sebum

oil, mixes with perspiration (sweat) to form the acid mantle

acid mantle

protects cuticle of hair fiber and maintains the natural p.H. of hair and skin

elasticity

strength of hair, ability to stretch

porosity

ability to absorb moisture

density

number of active hair follicles per square inch on the scalp

texture

degree of fineness or coarseness in the hair fiber

melanin

found in cortex

melanoctyes

produce melanosomes, which contain the pigment melanin

eumelanin

melanin that is black/brown

pheomelanin

melanin that is red/yellow

gray hair

reduced melanin in cortex, reffered to as mottled hair, grows form papilla with gray color

pityriasis capitis simplex

dry dandruff, disorder, dry flakes which can appear translucent

peduculosis capitis

disorder, infestation of head lice causing itching and eventual infection

alopecia areata

autoimmune disease, sudden loss of hair in round or irregular patches

mottled hair

gray hair

frontalis

extends from the forehead to the top of the skull, raises the eyebrows or draws the scalp forward

occipitalis

at the nape of the neck, draws the scalp back

platysma

extends from the tip of the chin to the shoulders and chest, draws the lower lip and corner of the mouth sideways and down, partially opens the mouth, as in surprise or fright

epicranius

lifts the eyebrows and the upper eyelid

temporalis

above and infront of the ear, opening and closing the jaw, as in chewing

sterno cleido mastoid

extends along the side of the neck from the ear to the collarbones, causes the head to move from side to side and up and down, nodding yes or no

nasalis

flares the nose

masseter

covers the hinge of the jaw, aids in closing the jaw, chewing

trapezius

aids in drawing the head back and elevating the shoulder blades

orbicularis oculi

circles the eye socket, closes the eyelid

orbicularis oris

circles the mouth, contracts, puckers and wrinkles the lips, as in kissing or whistling

effleurage

a light, relaxing, smoothing, gentle stroking or circular movement

petrissage

a light heavy kneading and rolling of the muscle

tapotement

a light tapping or slapping movent by the fingertips

friction

a circular or wringing movement with no gliding using the finger tips

vibration

a shaking movement in the arms