Long Term Care

Retirement communities
 Assisted living communities
 Nursing homes

Family in Later Life

Grandparenthood
 Average age of grandparenthood is
 50 years for women
 52 years for men
 Most report it improves quality of life

avrage age of grandparent is 50 to 52 and most report it is a grate part of there life

when we are thinking about gradparenthood most of the time indivilas are reporting that having a grandchild is enormace bose of there qulity of life

later in that audithood that socioemotional development compomote social networks gets smaller, social contact decreases in late aduilthood. so this is erecson stag of interety vs despare . so how do you becan to think about all the events in your life . do you feel good about how you live when you are facing death , when it comes up and if not, how do you feel about what you could have done, is there alot of regrate there.

for eracsions middle aduithood is gentery vs stagnation, so it relate to work proformace, family life, are you secsseding or are you kind of living snacnit or steco

Disengagement Theory

Theory
 Older adults withdraw from
society
 Society withdraws
responsibilities (vocational,
social, and familial) from the
older adult
 Criticism
 Result viewed as beneficial
 Little support for this
theory

Activity Theory

Theory
 Social barriers/events lead to
less social interaction
 Employment
 Widowhood
 Same desire to interact
 Just need to provide
opportunities to participate
 Criticism
 Merely providing interaction
opportunities is not sufficient
for satisfaction
 Quality of relationships is key

Continuity Theory

Theory
 Not about maintaining the
exact same social activity
level, but the same self
 Effort to maintain
consistency between past
and anticipated future
 Personality
 Interests
 Roles
 Skills

Socioemotional Selectivity Theory

Theory
 Social networks more
selective with age
 Deepening of close
relationships

Defining Death

 Definitions differ across history and cultures
 Brain death vs. loss of heartbeat
 Brain death is the standard in most industrialized
countries
 Persistent vegetative state
 No cortical activity, but brainstem activity

when we are defining death, are defenation are going to defer acoss history and culture.

so in modern erreor brain death is our tepical devenation in our death prossess so is the standerd once your brain is no longer functioning that means that you have passed away. a loss of hartbeat can be a point of death but it may not resuit in death atematiclly.

the persistent vegetative state is when cortical activey is absent , but brantep activety is present, so in thes case your brain is not farning in a sensitive of normary would tipically that is a brain dath, but the brain stem, which is resposible for hart rate and resporation, hoomeyostates, to keep your temperture in cheack, that is still active. somethimes we see this with bran inderies or pratesis

Phases of Dying

 Defining the process of moving from life to death
 Agonal phase
 Begins after decrease of oxygen saturation below 80% or
systolic blood pressure below 80 mm Hg.
 Clinical death & Biological Death
 Clinical Death: When the heart stops pumping blood
 Biological Death: cellular damage from lack of oxygen,
irreversible
 Mortality
 the state or condition of being subject to illness, decline,
and death OR the death rate in a population.

agonal phase: this is when we are starting the dealth process, so oxsegen exsagration is going to dip , blood brasher is going to dip and the destenction indivial is starding to conflict, as the hartbeat slows as that oxsegen decresses we are reching of point non- function , so this is were clinical and biological death come in

Clinical death & Biological Death is when the hart stops pomping so tecniclly you can pass away, but you can be revived

with bilogical death that is earisitible cellar damag that come from a lack of oxsegen, so in that case you cannot be revided from a biological death. so once your cells are able to no longer to function tipiclly you can not come back to life.

mortality is the same condition being subjected ilness for death, but tipically we look at mortality as a death rate of the popluation. what is the tipical life expency, in the us is arount the year 18 for most aduits

Death with dignity

Ways to promote death with dignity
 Provide those dying with humane and
compassionate care
 Candor about death’s certainty
 Help people learn about treatment options and
have personal control

we want to promot death with dignity. we want to provide eaqual with humaan care, we want be candated with death cernty and we want to help pople worry about terment options let them have personal conrol

Palliative vs. Hospice Care

Palliative services.

Paid by insurances, self, any stage of disease, same time as curative sreatemtn, typically happens in hospital.

In common

Comfort care, reduce stress, offer complex symptom relief related to serious illnesis, physical and psychosical relief

Hospice services

Paid by medicare Medicaid, insurance, prognosis 6 months of less, excluds curative treatment, wherever patent calls home

palliative is offerd due vetioals and samething as creative treatment

Hospice, is derecting to helping indivial through the death prosess of death, making sure they ae confrable and not in pain

Attitudes toward dying

Kübler-Ross Stages of dying
 Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
 But not a fixed sequence that applies to all
people!

when an indival findout that they are ill or they exprence the lost a love one Kübler-Ross defin stages of gref, there shock denay, frastarion, depression, barketing,

gref is not liner, it is like an ocean

Appropriate death – “the death a person would choose
if given the opportunity”
 The concept draws attention to the differing needs
and values of individuals in the terminal phase of
life and challenges the assumption that a good death
has the same meaning for all people.
 Influenced by:
 Nature of the disease
 Personality and coping style
 Family member behavior
 Health professional behavior
 Spirituality, religion, & culture

apporprate death is if you had a choice, so for alot of indivals it depents of the nature we pressive. sprechilty relagoin

the imporant part of death in this is the indivial, depending on what they want

Grief & bereavement

 Bereavement
 Experience of losing a
loved one by death
 Grief
 Intense physical and
psychological distress
 Mourning
 Culturally specified
expression of the
bereaved’s thoughts
and feelings

Mourning
 Culturally specified expression of the bereaved’s
thoughts and feelings

bereavement is expresing loss

grief is what follows that loss the entance the emotional compont physilogal and socologial destress

mourning is cultery specifid expression, so these are diffrently bound freedom of expressions . some are colorful, alot are not, alot of them have to do with regales and relagios compont as will as ansistry

Components of the grief process

Grief as a series of tasks
 Avoidance
 Emotional anesthesia that helps the individual
accept the reality of the loss (Task 1)
 Confrontation
 Intense and painful grief that helps the mourner
work through the pain of the loss (Task 2) and adjust
to a world without the loved one (Task 3)
 Restoration
 Restorative activities like overcoming loneliness and
reorganizing daily life
 As grief subsides, berearved makes progress on
developing an inner bond with the deceased and
moving on with life (Task 4)

in terms of gref process tipiclly we see gref as task, you should not check off your gref boxes. alot of times gref is a life long expresns and you never get passed, or you relly shodent get passed that loss . it is somthing that stayes with you

getting task involved

Grief is dynamic

 Dual-process model of coping with loss
 More successful outcomes are associated with
alternating between dealing with emotional
consequences and attending to restorative life
changes

but overall we know graf is dynamic, so there emotional points and there are responsable poins. so you have to eknologe the loss you exprence it will allow to matian your feelings and also how you are to crate a life for yourself