1. prophase ( 92 chromosomes )

1. chromosomes are condenced

2. nuclear envelope is dissolved

3. mitotic spindle forms

what is the mitotic spindle made of?

microtubules

Metaphase ( 92 chromosomes )

spindle fibers attach to kinetochores pulling sister chromatids along the middle of the cell

chechoint- ensured metaphase is successful,

Anaphase ( 92 chromosomes )

spindle fibers contract separating sister chromatids

Interphase

where the cell does most of its work

( cell growth, DNA synthesis, more cell growth and checkpoints )

telophase

nuclear envelope formed with 42 chromosomes in each nucleus

chromosomes DEcondence

mitotic spindle breaks down

G1 phase of interphase

growth , gene expression, 46 chromosomes, checkpoint

S phase of interphase

synthesis of DNA, and DNA replication occurs in G2. after S phase there's 92 chromosomes

G2 phase

more growth, more gene expression, checkpoint ensuring DNA replication is successful and makes sure mitosis materials are available

why are some parts of the cell cycle longer than others?

because some are just more complex. like interphase where most of the cells work is being done like cell growth DNA synthase more cell growth and checkpoints. mitosis is just a division of the cell

Cytokinesis

cell divides ,(animal) actin squeezes the cell apart, ending up with 2 seperate cells each with 46 chromosomes

plant

cell wall cant be squeezed apart, plant forms cell plate btw 2 nuclei eventually forming a new cell wall. and then the whole cell cycle starts over

prokaryotic cell division

prokaryotes divide by binary fission

binary fission

1, cell grows 2, DNA replication, 3. cell grows more 4, cell splits in half

all happens VERY FAST, as fast as 20mins

meiosis

the reproductive method for germ cells

gametes

sperm, egg

goal of meiosis

diversity

goal of mitosis

identical cells

why does meiosis shuffle genes

to imrove species survival