what is the approximate gait speed of a normal young adult?

1.46 m/s

what are the three requirements for successful locomotion?

progression, postural control, adaptation

what portion of the single limb cycle is spent in the stance phase for an adult?

60%

the time between 2 ipsilateral foot strikes is known as the?

stride length

how does step length change when walking velocity increases?

step length will increase

children with cerebral palsy will have various gate patterns. which gait pattern will kids diagnosed with cerebral palsy exhibit more than others?

diplegic

the distance from one foot to the other foot strike is known as the?

step length

what components are apart of the single-support phase?

terminal swing

in which gait pattern will the patient have the INability to dorsiflex the foot?

neuropathic

how is normal gait altered in the absence of sensory information?

stepping patterns are slow and stereotypical

research with animals has indicated that this structure in the brain is needed to negotiate obstacles during locomotion?

parietal cortex

what portion of the single limb cycle is spent during the swing phase for the adult?

40%

which of the following muscles need to be activated to control forward motion of the head, arm, and trunk segments?

hip extensors

what 2 components of the stance phase account for 40% of the phase?

midstance, terminal stance

what is the mean cadence (step frequency) of a normal adult?

112.5 steps/min

the loss of selective recruitment of physiologically antagonistic muscles describes?

cocontraction

how do individuals with vestibular deficits differ from normal subjects when walking?

impaired gaze stability

which of the following muscle groups play an important role in attaining adequate step width?

hip abductors

the inability to modulate a muscle's activity throughout the gait cycle is a manifestation of?

impaired programming

which muscle contracture would be likely to cause increased demands on the quadriceps muscle to control the knee?

knee flexor contracture

what is the minimum amount of dorsiflexion required to produce a smooth progression over the supporting foot during the stance phase of gait?

5 degrees

the crouched gait pattern seen in children with spastic cerebral palsy is most likely due to?

hamstring spasticity

what type of joint contracture will most likely cause excessive knee extension in midstance?

plantarflexion contracture

which measure is sensitive in detecting instability following concussion?

dual-task gait assessment

which of the following problems is due to spasticity in the plantarflexors of the ankle?

inadequate toe off in swing

you observe a patient with stroke walking on a level surface using contralateral vaulting. this is most likely a compensatory strategy for?

weak hip flexors

the inability to perceive and integrate stimuli on one side of the body is known as?

unilateral spatial neglect

in patients with stroke, inadequate hip flexion is associated with which of the following gait deviations?

shortened step length

muscle afferents from _____ influence the rhythm-generating neurons to aid in the stance to swing phase transition?

hip flexors

what is the role of the vestibular system during locomotion?

to influence body alignment as it relates to gravity during locomotion

which of the following muscle groups play an important role in attaining adequate step width?

hip abductors

research suggests that clients with stroke walk the slowest if they have?

sensory deficits

ipsilateral trunk lean toward the stance leg can result from deficits in?

body image scheme

what is the advantage of a client with stroke using a knee-hyperextension strategy during walking?

to allow for a more stable posture during the stance phase of gait

in patients with a stroke, inadequate hip flexion is associated with which of the following gait deviations?

shortened step length

You observe a patient with stroke walking on a level surface utilizing a backward lean in stance. this is most likely a compensatory strategy for?

weak hip extensors

how does adductor spasticity diminish safety while walking?

it causes a narrowed base of support during ambulation