Teddy Roosevelt decided to run for the presidency in 1912 because
[A] Senator Robert La Follette encouraged him to do so.
[B] William Howard Taft had seemed to discard Roosevelt's policies.
[C] the Democratic party was split.
[D] Taft decided not to run for a second term.
[E] he was drafted by the Republican party

B

According to progressives, the cure for American democracy's ills was
[A] socialism.
[B] a more conservative government.
[C] a third political party.
[D] more democracy.
[E] technical and scientific expertise

D

Match each late-nineteenth-century social critic below with the target of his criticism.
___ A. Thorstein Veblen
___ B. Jack London
___ C. Jacob Riis
___ D. Henry Demarest Lloyd
1. "bloated trusts"
2. slum conditions
3. "conspicuous consumption"
4. destruction of nature
[A] A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
[B] A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
[C] A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
[D] A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
[E] A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

B

All of the following were prime goals of earnest progressives except
A) the direct election of senators.
B) prohibition.
C) women's suffrage.
D) ending prostitution and "white slavery."
E) abolishing special workplace protections for women.

E

The leading progressive organization advocating prohibition of liquor was
A) the National Consumers League.
B) Hull House.
C) the General Federation of Women's Clubs.
D) the Progressive Party.
E) the Women's Christian Temperance Union.

E

President Roosevelt believed that the federal government should adopt a policy of __________ trusts.
[A] regulating
[B] ignoring
[C] collusion with
[D] dissolving
[E] monitoring

A

The public outcry after the horrible Triangle Shirtwaist fire led many states to pass
A) mandatory fire escape plans for all businesses employing more than ten people.
B) safety regulations and workmen's compensation laws for job injuries.
C) restrictions on female employment in the clothing industry.
D) zoning regulations governing where factories could be located.
E) laws guaranteeing unions the right to raise safety concerns.

B

Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of
A) the need to assert female power against male oppression.
B) America's need to catch up with more progressive European nations.
C) women's inherent rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
D) the harsh treatment of working women by employers.
E) their being essentially an extension of women's traditional roles as wives and mothers.

E

President Taft's foreign policy was dubbed
[A] the Open Door policy.
[B] sphere-of-influence diplomacy.
[C] big-stick diplomacy.
[D] dollar diplomacy.
[E] the Good Neighbor policy.

D

Of the following legislation aimed at resource conservation, the only one associated with Roosevelt's presidency was the
[A] Cary Act.
[B] Desert Land Act.
[C] Forest Reserve Act.
[D] Clean Water Act.
[E] Newlands Act

E

Lincoln Steffens, in his series of articles entitled "The Shame of the Cities,"
[A] attacked the United States Senate.
[B] unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government.
[C] uncovered official collusion in prostitution and "white slavery."
[D] laid bare the practices of the stock market.
[E] exposed the deplorable condition of blacks in urban areas.

B

While president, Theodore Roosevelt
[A] greatly increased the power and prestige of the presidency.
[B] showed no skill and little interest in working with Congress.
[C] held rigidly to ideological principles.
[D] was surprisingly unpopular with the public.
[E] was a poor judge of public opinion.

A

As a part of his reform program, Teddy Roosevelt advocated all of the followingexcept
[A] control of labor.
[B] consumer protection.
[C] an end to railroad rebates.
[D] control of corporations.
[E] conservation of natural resources.

A

While president, Theodore Roosevelt chose to label his reform proposals as the
[A] Big Stick.
[B] Square Deal.
[C] Fair Deal.
[D] New Deal.
[E] Big Deal.

B

One unusual and significant characteristic of the anthracite coal strike in 1902 was that
[A] the national government did not automatically side with the owners in the dispute.
[B] the owners quickly agreed to negotiate with labor representatives in order to settle their differences peacefully.
[C] for a time the mines were seized by the national government and operated by federaltroops
[D] it generated widespread middle-class support.
[E] the coal miners' union was officially recognized as the legal bargaining agent of the
miners.

A

As president, William Howard Taft
[A] was wedded more to the status quo than to change.
[B] held together the diverse wings of the Republican party.
[C] adopted a confrontational attitude toward Congress.
[D] was a good judge of public opinion.
[E] carried on the legacy of Theodore Roosevelt

A

Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act was facilitated by the publication of
[A] Jack London's Call of the Wild.
[B] Upton Sinclair's The Jungle.
[C] Henry Demarest Lloyd's Wealth Against Commonwealth.
[D] Theodore Dreiser's The Titan.
[E] Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives.

B

Political progressivism
[A] began in Northeastern big cities.
[B] made little difference in American life.
[C] emerged in both major parties, in all regions, at all levels of government.
[D] died out shortly after Teddy Roosevelt stepped down as president.
[E] was more a minority movement than a majority mood.

C

The Populist Party is mostly politically rooted in
a) federalists
b) greenback labor party and the populists
c) the german social democratic party
d) the pre civil war antislavery movement
e) social darwinists

B

The settlement house and women's club movements were crucial centers of femaleprogressive activity because they
[A] broke down the idea that women had special concerns as wives and mothers.
[B] introduced many middle-class women to a broader array of urban social problems and civic concerns.
[C] helped slum children learn to read Dante and Shakespeare.
[D] became the launching pads for women seeking political office.
[E] provided literary and philosophical perspectives on social questions.

B

Progressive reformers were mainly men and women from the
[A] middle class.
[B] upper class.
[C] small towns.
[D] lower class
[E] new wave of immigrants.

A

In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court upheld the principle promoted by progressives like Florence Kelley and Louis Brandeis that
[A] female workers required special rules and protection on the job
[B] factory labor should be limited to ten hours a day five days a week.
[C] female workers should receive equal pay for equal work.
[D] the federal government should regulate occupational safety and health.
[E] child labor under the age of fourteen should be prohibited.

A

Progressive reform at the level of city government seemed to indicate that the progressives' highest priority was
[A] economic equality.
[B] democratic participation.
[C] governmental efficiency.
[D] urban planning.
[E] free enterprise.

C

Progressivism
[A] supported many reforms advocated by feminists
[B] reflected the views of working-class women.
[C] offered little to the ever-growing women's movement.
[D] followed examples set by women's reform movements in Europe.
[E] supported only the demand for woman suffrage.

A

Teddy Roosevelt weakened himself politically after his election in 1904 when he
[A] announced that he would not be a candidate for a third term as president.
[B] got into a quarrel with his popular secretary of war, William Taft.
[C] supported the Federal Reserve Act.
[D] began to reduce his trust-busting activity.
[E] refused to do anything in response to the "Roosevelt Panic."

A

Match each early-twentieth-century muckraker below with the target of his or her exposé.
___ A. David G. Phillips
___ B. Ida Tarbell
___ C. Lincoln Steffens
___ D. Ray Stannard Baker
1. the United States Senate
2. the Standard Oil Company
3. city governments
4. the condition of blacks
[A] A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
[B] A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
[C] A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
[D] A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
[E] A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1

B

The Supreme Court's "rule of reason" in restraint-of-trade cases was handed down in a case involving
[A] Standard Oil.
[B] General Electric.
[C] Northern Securities.
[D] Armour Meat-Packing.
[E] United States Steel.

A

To regain the power that the people had lost to the "interests," progressives advocatedall of the following except
[A] referendum.
[B] recall.
[C] initiative.
[D] direct election of U.S. senators.
[E] socialism.

E

The progressive movement was instrumental in getting both the Seventeenth and Eighteenth amendments added to the Constitution. The Seventeenth called for__________, and the Eighteenth called for__________.
[A] income taxes, direct election of senators
[B] woman suffrage, income taxes
[C] woman suffrage, direct election of senators
[D] prohibition, woman suffrage
[E] direct election of senators, prohibition

E

The idea of "multiple-use resource management" included all of the following practices except
[A] recreation.
[B] sustained-yield logging.
[C] watershed protection.
[D] damming of rivers.
[E] summer stock grazing

D

Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by
[A] threatening to seize the mines and to operate them with federal troops.
[B] using the military to force the miners back to work.
[C] appealing to mine owners' and workers' sense of the public interest.
[D] passing legislation making the miners' union illegal.
[E] helping the mine owners to import strike-breakers

A

The Elkins and Hepburn acts dealt with the subject of
[A] conservation of natural resources.
[B] the purity of food and drugs.
[C] regulation of municipal utilities.
[D] women's working conditions.
[E] railroad regulation

E

Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on socialills was to
[A] make the public aware of social problems.
[B] formulate a consistent philosophy of social reform.
[C] explain the causes of social ills.
[D] link up with movements for social justice.
[E] devise solutions to society's problems.

A

According to the text, Teddy Roosevelt's most enduring, tangible achievement may havebeen
[A] mediating an end to the Russo-Japanese War.
[B] his efforts at consumer protection.
[C] his efforts supporting the environment.
[D] the Panama Canal.

C

The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government
[A] brought democracy to urban dwellers.
[B] was designed to remove politics from municipal administration.
[C] made giant strides under the leadership of Hiram Johnson.
[D] was developed in Wisconsin.
[E] opened urban politics to new immigrants.

B

The case of Lochner v. New York represented a setback for progressives and laboradvocates because the Supreme Court in its ruling
[A] declared unconstitutional a law providing special protection for women workers.
[B] ruled that fire and safety regulations were local and not state or federal concerns.
[C] declared that prohibiting child labor would require a constitutional amendment.
[D] declared a law limiting work to ten hours a day unconstitutional.
[E] upheld the constitutionality of a law enabling business to fire labor organizers.

D

During his presidency, Theodore Roosevelt did all of the following except
a) expand presidential power
b) shape the progressive movement
c) aid the cause of the environment
d) provide an international perspective
e) tame capitalism

E

The muckrakers signified much about the nature of the progressive reform movement because they
a) counted on drastic political change to fight social wrongs
b) thrived on publicity rather than social change
c) believed that the cure for the ills of American democracy lay in less democracy and more government control
d) sought not to overthrow capitalism but to cleanse it with democratic controls
e) refused to look beyond middle-class concerns

D

When Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, he intended his book to focus attention on the
[A] unsanitary conditions that existed in the meat-packing industry.
[B] deplorable conditions in the drug industry.
[C] plight of workers in the stockyards and meat-packing industry.
[D] unhealthy effects of beef consumption.
[E] corruption in the United States Senate.

C

Which of the following was not among the issues addressed by women in the progressive movement?
a) ending special regulations governing women in the workplace
b) preventing child labor in factories and sweatshops
c) insuring that food products were healthy and safe
d) attacking tuberculosis and other diseases bred in slum tenements
e) creating pensions for mothers with dependent children

A

The real purpose of Teddy Roosevelt's assault on trusts was to
[A] inspire confidence in small business owners.
[B] halt the trend toward combination and integration in business.
[C] establish himself as a bigger "trustbuster" than William Howard Taft.
[D] prove that the government, not private business, ruled the country.
[E] fragment big business.

D

As one progressive explained, the 'real heart' of the progressive movement was to
a) preserve world peace
b) use the government as an agency of human welfare
c) ensure the Jeffersonian style of government
d) reinstate the policy of laissez faire
e) to promote economic and social equality

B

Progressives who were among the strongest critics of injustice in early-twentieth-century America, received much of their inspiration from
a) the Federalists
b) the Greenback Labor party and the Populists
c) foreign nations
d) progressive theorists, like Jacob Riis
e) social Darwinists

B

President Theodore Roosevelt branded reporters who tried to uncover injustice as 'muckrakers' because
a) he saw them as trying to clean up society
b) they brought ugly problems to public attention
c) of their work in the 'muck' of the slums
d) of their coverage of the meat-packing industry
e) he was annoyed by their excessive zeal

E

The two key goals pursued by progressives were to curb the threats posed by ________________ on the one hand and __________________ on the other.
a) New immigrants; blacks
b) feminists; patriarchal males
c) the social gospel; the gospel of wealth
d) the Old Guard; muckrakers
e) trusts; socialists

E

Theodore Roosevelt believed that trusts
a) could be destroyed without damage to the American economy
b) were greedy for power and wealth
c) were too powerful to be regulated
d) were here to stay with their efficient means of production
e) should be balanced by strong labor unions

D