what percent of lung cancers are due to smoking

90%

how is acute rhinitis passed from one individual to another

touch and air droplets

abnormal musical sound heard on inspiration are called what

rales

the upper respiratory system includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx and which of the following

sinuses

What is a collection of infectious material contained within a capsule called?

pulmonary abscess

What pulmonary disease is caused by frequent inhalation of dust particles related to insulating and fireproofing?

asbestosis

A barrel chest is a symptom of which of the following?

COPD

What is a collection of blood in the chest cavity called?

Hemothorax

A blue color often observed in the nail beds and lips is known by which medical term?

cyanosis

Which procedure involves inserting a chest tube to withdraw air and assist in re-expanding the lung?

thoracentesis

What is the leading cause of death due to infections in the older population?

pneumonia

Which of the following is a bacterial pulmonary infection?

legionnaires disease

Which of the following conditions does severe dyspnea lead to?

hypoxemia

Which of the following would be effective in determining infectious disease?

sputum cultures

What is the large muscle of respiration that separates the thorax from the abdomen?

Diaphragm

Which of the following would help reduce pain?

analgesics

What is the top infectious disease killer worldwide?

pulmonary tuberculosis (Tb)

Which of the following is a sudden, life-threatening lung failure that is a syndrome and not a specific disease?

ARDS

What does cyanosis indicate?

low blood oxygen level

What are patients often encouraged to use to maintain and improve lung function?

spirometer

A bluish color to the skin is called

cyanosis

_______, or rapid breathing, is common with respiratory diseases.

tachypnea

What is the term for dry, rattling sounds heard when listening to the lungs?

Rhonchi

Treatment of pneumothorax can include performing a _______ to insert a chest tube to withdraw air and help re-expand the lung.

thoracentesis

Treatment of pneumothorax can include performing a _______ to insert a chest tube to withdraw air and help re-expand the lung.

sputum

What is the term for the grape-like clusters of air sacs at the distal end of the terminal bronchioles?

alveoli

A(n) _______ is one in which sputum or excessive mucus is expelled from the respiratory system.

productive cough

What is the procedure for visual examination of the bronchi?

bronchoscopy

_______ is prevalent in overcrowded areas and areas with poor sanitation.

pulmonary tuberculosis

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends using the _______ to detect TB in healthcare workers

quantiferon-Tb test

Which of the following is a viral infection commonly spread by coughing of respiratory secretions?

influenza

Individuals with _______ commonly have high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.

COPD

A class of drugs used to reduce fevers is called

antipyretics

Which of the following is the term used to describe the class of drugs used to treat pain?

antigestics

What is the name of a bacterial pulmonary infection so named after an outbreak in 1976 at a convention held in Philadelphia?

legionnaires disease

Dyspnea caused by a partial obstruction of the airways will produce

wheezing

The leading cause of preventable death in the United States is

cigarette smoking

The greatest preventive measure for stopping the spread of upper respiratory infection is

regular handwashing

Infants and small children playing with plastic bags often suffer from

suffocation

The leading cause of death due to infections in the older population is

pneumonia

Which of the following is caused by inhaling fungus in bird droppings found in chicken houses, bat caves, or pigeon roosts?

histoplasmosis

Another name for desert fever is

coccidioidomycosis

Treatment of which of the following involves abdominal thrust?

aspiration

A reflex laryngospasm that closes the glottis and does not allow water or air to enter is a sign of which of the following?

dry drowning

Which of the following is also known as coal miner's disease?

anthracosis

Which of the following is a bacterial pulmonary infection?

legionnaires disease

Which of the following is the leading cause of death due to infections in the older population?

pneumonia

Which of the following is not true of the aging respiratory system?

it has increased elasticity

What is the medical term for the common cold?

acute rhinitis

An inflammation of the mucous membranes due to allergies is ______, or allergic rhinitis

hay fever

What is the medical term for a sore throat?

pharyngitis

Which of the following is a hypersensitivity reaction that causes constriction of the bronchi?

asthma

The common symptoms of fever, a tight feeling behind the sternum, and a dry cough that progresses to a productive cough describe which of the following?

acute bronchitis

Which of the following is an acute, serious, and highly contagious viral respiratory infection?

influenza

The acronym for a disease characterized by the inability to get air into or out of the lungs is

COPD

What is the collapse of part or all of a lung?

atelectasis

Which of the following is inflammation of the membranes covering the lung and lining the chest cavity?

pleurisy

A collection of air in the pleural cavity, often resulting in the partial or complete collapse of the lung on the affected side, is called

pneumothorax

What is the collection of pus in the chest cavity?

empyema

_______ is the collection of blood in the chest cavity.

hemothorax

Which of the following is not a symptom of PE?

orthopnea