A process in which a certain type of white blood cells destroys (or "eats") foreign microorganisms or cell debris is called:

phagocytosis.

Which is the correct definition and translation of the abbreviation PEJ?

Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy - using an endoscope to assist in the creation of an opening in part of the small intestine without having to surgically open the abdomen for placement

Which root is used for the opening between the uterus and the vagina?

cervic/o

Which abbreviation is used for the test where a small ultrasound transducer is installed on the tip of an instrument used to look inside the digestive tract?

EUS

What does the abbreviation HTN stand for?

Hypertension

Which medical term means "incision into the common bile duct"?

Choledochotomy

Which root is used to refer to the tubes that carry the urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

ureter/o

Choose the correct translation of the root hemat/o.

Blood

What is the correct translation and definition of the abbreviation FOBT?

Fecal occult blood test - a test of the feces to discover blood not visibly apparent

Read the following excerpt from a patient’s health record:

History of Present Illness:
Sharon Jackson is a 12-month-old female with a history of VSD first discovered on echocardiogram shortly after birth. She has been followed by cardiology. She had been hemodynamically stable until the past month, when her parents noticed that she had increased difficulty eating. She would sweat after eating and become cyanotic with exertion. Her mother followed up with Sharon’s cardiologist, who sent her to our office for consult.

According to this patient’s medical history, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Sharon had an ECHO that revealed a flaw in the septum that divides the two upper chambers of the heart.

Read the health record information below:

Assessment
Given her preliminary endometrial biopsy results, Mrs. Pecos’s metromenorrhagia is due to endometrial hyperplasia. We will send the tissue sample to pathology to confirm the finding of atypia, but it is likely that she also has myoinvasive endometrioid adenocarcinoma.

Which of the following statements is true, given the health record information?

Mrs. Pecos is experiencing excessive menstrual bleeding at irregular intervals, probably due to an overformation of the inner layer of her uterine tissue.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cytapharesis?

cyt (cell) + apheresis (separation) = "cell separation"; drawing of the patient’s blood, removal of the cells, and then returning the rest of the blood to the patient’s body

Translate the term lymphocyte as literally as possible.

"Lymph cell"

Which of the following statements is true about the term hypotension?

All of these are true.

Read the excerpt from the patient’s health record:

Medications: Inhaled antibiotic (tobramycin inhaled); mucolytic agent (pulmozyme); vitamins ADEK; bronchodilator (albuterol).

Allergies: NKDA.

Which of the following is not a drug this patient is currently taking?

A drug that encourages the expulsion of material from the lungs

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term tracheostomy?

tracheo (windpipe) + stomy (creation of an opening) = creation of an opening in the windpipe

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pericarditis?

peri (around) + card (heart) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tissue around the heart

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hepatosplenitis?

hepato (liver) + splen (spleen) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the liver and spleen

The roots metr/o and hyster/o both mean:

uterus.

Build a medical term that means "chest pain."

Thoracalgia

Which medical term describes a drug that breaks down clots?

Thrombolytic

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term odontoclasis?

odonto (tooth) + clasis (break) = breaking of a tooth

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term orthodontist into its component parts?

ortho/dont/ist

Translate the term splenolysis as literally as possible.

"Spleen breakdown"; breakdown (destruction) of spleen tissue

What is the correct pronunciation of the medical term phlebology?

fleb-AW-loh-jee

Read the health record excerpt below:

Endometrial Bx: Hyperplasia with atypia.

According to the excerpt, what kind of diagnostic procedure did the patient undergo?

The removal of a sample of the inner layer of the uterine tissue in order to examine it

Read the following excerpt from a patient’s health record:

ASSESSMENT

4-year-old male with anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The lymphoblasts on the peripheral blood smear indicate an acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

According to the excerpt, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The patient has a deficiency in the number of red and white blood cells and difficulty forming clots. The presence of lymphoblasts on the patient’s blood smear indicates he has a cancer of the bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells.

Read the health record information below:

Subjective
Mrs. Lana Pecos is a 47-year-old premenopausal woman with a chief complaint of heavy menses. For more than a year, she has experienced menstrual flow for 9 to 10 days every 2 to 3 weeks. She denies vaginal discharge and bleeding from her gums or in her stool. No easy bruising.

If a normal menstrual cycle occurs every 21–35 days and lasts 2–7 days, according to the health record information, the patient is experiencing:

menorrhagia.

Identify the correct translation for the root nas/o.

Nose

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation LAD?

It is caused by an abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities.

The outer layer of the uterus (the tissue outside the uterus) is called the:

perimetrium.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term vaginomycosis?

vagino (vagina) + myc (fungus) + osis (condition) = fungal condition of the vagina

Which is NOT a root used to refer to the testicle?

balan/o

Which medical term means "specialist in the stomach and intestines"?

Gastroenterologist

Identify and define the root in the term gingivectomy.

gingiv - gums

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term ovariorrhexis?

ovario (ovary) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of an ovary

Translate the root enter/o.

Intestines

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term laparonephrectomy?

laparo (abdomen) + nephr (kidney) + ec (out) + tomy (cut) = surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen

Which root refers to the bone marrow?

myel/o

Which of the following statements is true about the abbreviation NPO?

It stands for nihil per os and means "nothing by mouth."

The following excerpt is a portion of a patient’s Emergency Department Course.

The team found that she was bleeding in her bronchi and treated her with endobronchial electrocautery. Afterward, she was transferred to the ICU for further care.

The patient was treated with endobronchial electrocautery. What is the correct breakdown and translation of this term?

endo (inside) + bronchi (bronchus) + al (pertaining to) + electro (electricity) +cauter (burn) + y (procedure) = cauterization of the inside of a bronchus using an electric current

What is the correct meaning of the abbreviation N&V?

Nausea and vomiting

Translate the root lact/o.

Milk

Which of the following terms does NOT refer to an irregular heartbeat?

Angina pectoris

Which root literally means "crown," and refers to the way the blood vessels that supply the heart descend and support the heart like a crown?

coron/o

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the term underlined below?

Patient: Susan Nesbit

Date of Admission: 7/7/2015

Date of Discharge: 7/17/2015

Admission Diagnosis

1. Dysuria

2. Fever

Discharge Diagnosis

1. Pyelonephritis

2. Perinephric Abscess

Discharge Condition:

Stable

Consultations

Nephrology

Urology

pyelo (pelvis) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

Which medical term means "suture of the tissue on the outside of the uterus/the outer layer of the uterus"?

Perineorrhaphy

Build a medical term that means "image of the kidney blood vessel."

Renal angiogram

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation CPD?

A mother it at risk if she has a normal pelvis and a baby that is SGA.

Which medical term means"downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina"?

Hysteroptosis

Translate the medical term orchichorea as literally as possible.

"Testicle dance" - involuntary jerking movement of the testicles

Translate the medical term episiostenosis as literally as possible.

Narrowing of the vulvar (external) opening

Translate the term pleuralgia as literally as possible.

Pleura pain

Translate the term spirometry.

Procedure to measure breathing

Identify and define the root in the medical term venospasm.

veno - vein

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pericardiocentesis?

peri (around) + cardio (heart) + centesis (puncture) = puncture of the tissue around the heart

Read this patient’s physical exam and lab work:

Physical Exam

General: WDWN. Nontoxic. NAD.

Head: PERRLA. EOMI bilaterally. Periorbital edema. No erthyma. No proptosis. Mucous membranes moist and pink. TMs normal.

Cardiovascular: Regular in rate and rhythm without murmurs, gallop, or rubs. No jvd.

Respiratory: Clear to auscultation.

Abdomen: Soft, nontender, nondistended, no hepatosplenomegaly. No CVA tenderness.

Neurologic: Alert, oriented.

Skin: Pink, warm.

Extremities: Edema of feet. Dorsal pedal pulses present.

Labs: Elevated BUN and creatinine. Hypocomplementemia. Antistreptolysin O and antiDNAase B.

Imaging: None.

According to this information, which of the following statements is true?

The patient has an elevated level of blood urea nitrogen.

Translate the term myocarditis.

Inflammation of the heart muscle

Translate the term bronchiogenic carcinoma.

Cancerous tumor originating in the bronchi

Expectoration is:

coughing or spitting material out of the lungs.

What root refers to the first of the three sections of the small intestine and literally means "twelve"?

duoden/o

Which root is used to refer to the bladder?

cyst/o

Which medical term means "inflammation of the inside of the cervix"?

Endocervicitis

A tube inserted through the nose into the stomach is abbreviated:

NGT.

What is the correct definition for the abbreviation BMT?

Bone marrow transplant

What is the correct definition for ASD?

A flaw in the septum that divides the two upper chambers of the heart

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term gastroenterocolitis into its component parts?

gastro/entero/col/itis

Read the following excerpt from a health record:

Colonoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. One year ago, she developed toxic megacolon, which eventually led to surgical intervention. She had been doing well until 3 months ago, when she started reporting fatigue, general pruritis, and pain in her RUQ. Her primary provider referred her again for evaluation. She reports some history of steatorrhea, but denies bright red blood.

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this health record information?

The patient has experienced some hematemesis.

Which term means "the throat, the pathway used by both food and air"?

pharyng/o

The following lab results were found in a patient’s Hospital Progress Note:

Labs

Total bilirubin: 6.2

Hgb: 9.2; WBC: 20.2; PLT: 24.

PT and PTT both elevated.

Microangiopathic hemolysis seen on peripheral smear.

Which of the following is a correct interpretation of the data?

Hemoglobin = 9.2

White Blood Count = 20.2

Platelet count = 24

Prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times are elevated