methapor

a figure of speech in which word or phrase is applied to an object or an action to which it is not literally applicable

ex: his heart was broken

simile

involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make it description more empathic or vivid

ex: as brave as a lion

personification

the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something non-human, or representation of an abstract equality in human form

ex: the grown up nature

pars pro toto

a figure of speech where the name of a portion, of an object, place or a concept is used or taken to represent its entirely

ex: Berlin for Germany

hyperbole

exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally

ex: the bag weights a ton

ellipsis

the emission from speech or writing of a word or words that are superfluous or able to be understood from contextual clothes

ex: They looked beautiful...

rhetorical question

a question asked in order to create a dramatic effect or to make a point rather than to get an answer

ex: now the question is, who is the murder?

allusion

an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference

ex: she was the einstein in our class

repetitipon

the action of repeating something that has already been said or written

ex: she sneezed and sneezed and sneezed

parallelisim

the state of doing parallel of corresponding in some way

ex: they wanted to eat and to talk

use of personal pronouns

(including/excluding)

words like "you" that refer to the person speaking or writing, to the person they're addressing, or to other people on things

ex: We need to stop climate change