Pulmonary veins deliver freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs to the?

Left atrium

given a volume of 150mL at the end of diastole, a volume of 50 mL @ the end of systole and a heart rate of 60 bpm, the cardiac input is?

6 liters per minute

Which depolarizes next after the AV node?

AV bundle

During the atrial systole what happens?

atrial pressure exceeds ventricular pressure and the AV valves are open

Atrial repolarization coincides in times with?

QRS wave

Soon after the onset of ventricular systolic the?

AV valves close and the first heart sound is open

The base of the heart is it what surface?

superior

In comparing a parallel artery and vein, you would find that

The artery wall is thicker and artery lumen is smaller

Which vessels are bilaterally symmetrical and one vessel of the pair occurs on each side of the body?

The internal carotid artery and renal vein

A stroke that occludes a posterior cerebral artery will most likely affect?

vision

vessels involved in the circulatory pathway to and/or from the brain are?

brachiocephalic trunk

internal jugular vein

internal carotid artery

which layer of the artery wall thickens most in atherosclerosis?

tunica intima

what is associated with aging?

increasing blood pressure

weakening of venous valves

arteriosclerosis

an increase in BP would be caused by ?

increase of heart rate

in crease of SV

vasoconstriction of the arterioles

An increase in BP is not caused by

hemorrhage

The most external part of the pericardium is the?

fibrous pericardium

which heart chamber pumps blood with the greatest amount of force

left ventricle

how many cusps does the right atrioventricular valve have?

three

which layer of the heart wall is an endothelium?

endocardium

What is the location of the heart in the thorax?

heart is in the mediastinum between the lungs

which heart chamber has the thickest wall? what is the functional significance of this structural difference?

the left ventricle has the thickest wall; this reflex its function, which is to pump blood through the whole body

how does the function of the systemic circulation differ from that of the pulmonary circulation?

pulmonary circulation strictly serves gas exchange. Oxygen is loaded and carbon dioxide is unloaded from the body in the lungs. Systemic circulation provides oxygenated blood to all body organs

Why are the heart valves important?

heart valves keep blood flowing in one direction through the heart

why might a thrombus in a coronary artery cause sudden death?

coronary arteries supply the myocardium (cardiac muscles) with oxygen. If f that circulation fails, the heart fails

What is the function of the intrinsic conduction?

It coordinates the system of the action of the heart chambers and causes the heart to beat faster than it would.

to which heart chambers to the terms systole and diastole usually apply?

left ventricle

During isovolumetric contraction of the cardiac cycle, which chambers are relaxing, and which are contracting?

the atria are relaxing and the ventricles are contracting

What causes the lup-dup sounds heard with a stethoscope?

the operation of the heart valves

What does h\the term cardiac input mean?

co= amount of blood pumped out by each sides of the heart in 1 minute

assume you are viewing a blood vessel under the microscope. It has a large lopsided lumen, relatively thick tunica externa, and a relatively thin tunica media.

Which kind of blood vessels is this?

a vein

arteries lack valves, but veins have them. How is this structural difference related to blood pressure?

blood pressure in veins is much lower than that in arteries b/c veins are farther along in the circulatory pathway, hence veins need extra measures to force blood back to

How is the structure of capillaries related to their function in the body?

capillary walls consist of only the innermost intima layer, which is very thin capillaries are the exchange vessels between the blood and tissue cells, these thin walls are desirable

In what part of the body are the femoral, popliteal, and articulates arteries found

lower limb

In what part of the body are the axillary, cephalic, and basilic veins located?

upper limb

Which vessel, the hepatic portal vein, hepatic vein, or hepatic artery, has the highest content of nutrients after a meal?

hepatic portal vein

In what two important ways is the pulmonary circulation different from the systemic circulation

Pulmonary circulation is much shorter and requires a less powerful pump than systemic circulation. Pulmonary arteries carry oxygen-depleted/carbon dioxide-rich blood, whereas the pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich/carbon dioxide-depleted blood. the opposite is true of the arteries and veins of the systemic circulation.

Which artery is palpated at the wrist? at the groin? at the side of the neck?

radial artery at the wrists; femoral at the groin? as the side of the neck?

How does blood pressure change throughout the systemic circulatory pathway?

It decreases from the heart to the vena cava

What is the effect of hemorrhage on blood pressure? Why?

hemorrhage reduces blood pressure initially because blood volume drops.

what contains endothelial cells separated by flap-like valve that can open wide?

Lymph cap

il