Endocrine System: Hormones
Hypothalamas hormones include:
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, Dopamine, Growth hormone-releasing hormone, Somatostatin, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Corticotropin-releasing hormone, Oxytocin, Vasopressin
Thyroid hormones include:
Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine
Pineal gland hormones include:
melatonin
Pituitary gland (anterior) hormones include:
growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin
Pituitary gland (posterior) hormones include:
oxytocin, vasopressin, oxytocin (stored), anti-diuretic hormone (stored)
Pituitary gland (intermediate)
melanocyte-stimulating hormone
TSH aka thyroid stimulating hormone (aka thyrotropin)
located in the pituitary gland (anterior); target the thyroid by stimulating the secretion of thyroid hormones
ACTH aka adrenocorticotropic hormone
located in the pituitary gland (anterior); targets the adrenal cortex by stimulating the release of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
GH aka growth hormone
located in the pituitary gland (anterior); targets muscle and bone by stimulating growth
FSH aka follicle stimulating hormone
located in the pituitary gland (anterior); targets the gonads by stimulating the maturation of sperm cells and ovarian follicles
LH aka luteinizing hormones
located in the pituitary gland (anterior); targets the gonads by stimulating the production of sex hormones; surge stimulates ovulation in females
PRL aka prolactin
located in the pituitary gland (anterior); targets the mammary glands and stimulates the production of breast milk
oxytocin
located in the pituitary gland (posterior); is produced in the hypothalamus and stored/released by pituitary gland (posterior); targets the uterus by stimulating contractions; target site mammary glands by stimulating milk secretions
ADH aka antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
located in the pituitary gland (posterior); produced in the hypothalamus and stored/released by pituitary gland (posterior); targets the kidneys and blood vessels by increasing water retention
Melatonin
located in the pineal gland; targets the brain and regulates the daily rhythm (wake and sleep)
T3 aka triiodothyronine and T4 aka thyroxine
located in the thyroid gland; targets most cells by stimulating cellular metabolism
Calcitonin
located in the thyroid gland; targets bone and kidneys by lowering blood calcium
PTH aka Parathyroid hormone
located in the parathyroid gland; targets bone and kidneys by raising blood calcium
Thymosin
located in thymus gland; targets lymphatic tissue by stimulating the production of T-cells
Insulin
located in the pancreas; targets the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue by decreases blood glucose
Glucagon
located in the pancreas; targets the liver by increasing blood glucose
GHIH aka growth hormone IH (somatostatin)
located in the pancreas; inhibits the secretin of insulin and glucagon
Epinephrine and norephinerine
located in the adrenal medulla; targets heart, blood vessels, liver, and lungs by increases heart rate and increasing blood sugar (fight or flight response)
Mineralcorticoids
located in the adrenal cortex; target the kidneys by increasing the retention of Na+ and excretion of K+
Glucocorticoids
located in the adrenal cortex; targets most tissues as its released in response to long-term stressors, increases blood glucose (but not as quickly as glucagon)
Androgens
located in the adrenal cortex; targets most tissues by stimulating development of secondary sex characteristics
Liver hormones include:
insulin-like growth factor (somatomedin), angiotensinogen, angiotensin, thrombopoietin
Duodenum hormones include:
secretin, cholecystokinin
Kidney hormones include:
renin, erythropoietin, calcitriol, thrombopoietin
stomach hormones include:
gastrin, gherkin, neuropeptide Y, somatostatin, histamine, endothelin
pancreas hormones include:
insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide
adrenal glands hormones include:
glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens
adrenal medulla hormones include:
adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, enkephalin
Gastrin
located in the GI tract; targets the stomach and stimulates the release of HCI
Secretin and CCK aka cholecystokinin
located in the GI tract; targets the pancreas and liver by stimulating the release of digestive enzymes and bile
Erythropoietin
located in the kidneys; targets the bone marrow by stimulating the production of RBCs
Calcitriol
located in the kidneys; targets the intestines by increasing the reabsorption of Ca2+
ANP aka atrial natriuretic peptide
located in the heart; targets the kidneys and adrenal cortex by reducing reabsorption of Na+, lowers blood pressure
Leptin
located in the adipose tissue; targeted the brain by suppressing appetite
Estrogen
located in the ovaries and placenta; targets the uterus, ovaries, mammary glands, brain, and other tissues by stimulating uterine lining growth, regulating the menstrual cycle, and facilitating the development of secondary sex characteristics
progresterone
located in the ovaries and placenta; targets mainly the uterus and mammary glands by stimulating uterine lining growth, regulating menstrual cycle, and stuff required for maintenance of pregnancy
inhibit
located in the ovaries and placenta; targets the anterior pituitary by inhibiting the release of FSH
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
located in the placenta; targets the ovaries by stimulating the production of estrogen and progesterone
testosterone and inhibin
located in the testes; also targets the tests and many other tissues by promoting spermatogenesis, secondary sex characteristics