a force that exists between any two objects that have mass

gravity

a system of objects that revolve around a star

solar system

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions

element

the ordering of sedimentary layers of rock with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on top

superposition

melted rock located beneath Earth's surface

magma

a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen

water

the study of Earth through the study of rocks, minerals, water, and other Earth materials, as well as through seismic waves and other natural phenomena

geology

a nonrenewable resource formed from organic carbon due to the compression and partial decomposition of organisms

fossil fuels

the innermost layer of Earth, made up mainly of iron and nickel

core

something put together with materials that serves a purpose

structure

the layer of solid rock between Earth’s crust and core

mantle

the layer of rock that forms Earth's surface

crust

to figure out what data or information means

analyze

a drawing, object, or idea that represents a real event, object, or process

model

the large, empty part of the universe that does not contain any matter

space

a large, circular pit in the surface of a planet or other body in space usually formed when two bodies in space collide

crater

Earth's crust, both beneath the oceans and continents, as well as the mantle and inner and outer core

geosphere

the part of Earth which is composed mostly of rocks; the crust and outer mantle

lithosphere

from a time before human history was recorded

prehistoric

a piece of rock or metal from space that strikes Earth's surface

meteorite

minerals in rock that can be extracted and used by people to make things

ore

resources that are obtained from the earth

natural resources

the process of reasoning by drawing a logical conclusion based on factual evidence

inference

the study of the properties and behavior of bodies in outer space

astronomy

the theory that a solar system evolves from a hot gaseous nebula

nebular hypothesis

a length of time

period

a body in outer space that orbits a planet; a natural satellite

moon

a type of rock formed by gravity pressing fragments of other rocks and minerals together as they settle on land or under the ocean over a long period of time

sedimentary rock

the information about Earth's history that can be gathered from fossils

fossil record

a layer or line of rock above or below another body of rock

rock layers