Cognitive Approach: Multi-Store Model
Memory
a cognitive process used to encode, store, and retrieve information
Multi-Store Model
Proposed by Atkinson and Schiffrin; proposed that human memory consists of three memory stores: sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory.
each store is a unitary structure and has its own characteristics in terms of duration and capacity
Sensory Memory
Receives information through the sensory stores
Short-Term Memory
Where we hold information we are currently paying attention to
Long-Term Memory
Place for storing large amounts of information for indefinite periods of time
There are two types of long-term memory: explicit memory and implicit memory
Explicit Memory
Information that can be intentionally and consciously recalled; you have to consciously work to remember
Implicit Memory
Our unconscious, automatic memory; do not have to actively recall
Strengths
Weaknesses
Study Used
Clanzer and Cunitz (1966): serial position effect