Sociocultural Approach Enculturation, Acculturation
Enculturation
The process of learning the cultural norms and values of one's own home culture; can be done via observation, formal observation, or direct personal experience.
Enculturation processes
Direct learning, observational learning, active learning
Direct learning
parents, teachers, or other members of society explicitly teaching certain beliefs, values, or expected norms of behaviors
Observational learning
observing members of a culture perform a norm/ behavior without participating in the cultural activity directly.
Active learning
actively participating in activities that are meant to instill certain values, beliefs, and expectations of a culture.
Acculturation
The process of interacting with a new culture and adjusting to life in that culture.
Berry's Model of Acculturation (2004)
Posits four acculturative strategies individuals use when faced with a new culture.
Assimilation
when an individual abandons their own culture and adopts the values and norms of the host culture
Separation
when an individual is interested in maintaining their own culture and has no desire to adopt the new host culture and norms
Marginalization
individuals who reject both their culture of origin and the new host culture
Integration
when an individual is interested in adopting some of the values and norms of the new host culture while still maintaining some values of their own culture.