Drugs
Adenosine (Adenocard)
Antiarrhythmic
- Slows conduction through the AV node and interrupts reentry pathways through the AV node.
svt, PSVT
Dose: 6mg then 12mg and then another 12 mg
Albuterol (ventolin)
Bronchodilator, beta agonist
- Beta 2 agonist that bronchodilates and relaxes smooth muscle tissue.
-Asthma, bronchospasm, copd, pre treatment for crush injuries.
Dose: 2.5 to 5mg every 20 min
Amiordarone (cordarone)
Antiarrhythmic
- Prolongs duration of action potential and refractory period. Metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys
VT, SVT, A-FIB, A-FLUTTER, V-FIB, RUN OF VT.
Dose: 300mg followed by 150mg if needed
Aspirin (ASA)
Antiplatelet, nonnarcotic analgesic, antipyretic
- prevents the formation of a chemical known as thromboxane A2,
ANGINA, ACUTE MI, CHEST PAIN,
Dose: 160 to 325mg
Atropine
Anticholinergic
- Competes reversibly with acetylcholine at the site of the muscarinic receptor
BRADYCARIA, ASYSTOLE, PEA, NERVE AGENT EXPOSURE, ORGANOPHOSPHATE POSIONING.
Dose: 0.5mg for bradycardia, 2mg for poisoning
Calcium gluconate
Electrolyte solution
- Counteracts the toxicity of hyperkalemia by stabilizing the membranes of the cardiac cells, reducing fibrillation
Dose: 500-1000mg IV over 10min
Digoxin (lanoxin)
Cardiac glycoside
- Inhibits sodium potassium, causing more sodium to be in the the heart which makes the heart beat more forcefully
CHF, NARROW COMPLEX PSVT, A-FIB AND A-FLUTTER
Dose: individualized
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Calcium channel blocker, class IV antiarrhythmic
- Blocks calcium from moving into the heart muscle cell, which prolongs the conduction of electrical impulses through the AV node
HYPOTENTION, HEART BLOCK, HEART FAILURE
Dose: 0.25mg/kg
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Antihistamine
- Bonds to histamine receptor sites to prevent
further allergic reaction
For allergic reactions/ anaphylaxis
Dose: 25 to 50mg
Epinephrine
Beta-adrenergic agent
- binds with both alpha and beta receptors, producing increased blood pressure, increased heart rate and bronchodilation
For bronchospasms, allergic reactions, and cardiac arrest
Dose: 1mg for cardiac arrest and 0.3 to 0.5mg for allergic reactions
Etomidate (amidate)
Hypnotic, anesthesia induction agent
Ultra-short acting nonbarbiturate hypnotic. Used for the induction of anesthesia
For intubation
Dose: 0.2 to 0.6 mg/kg
Furosemide (lasix)
Loop diuretic antihypertensive
-potent diuretic that inhibits sodium re-absorption by the kidney. Reduces pulmonary edema and lowering of blood pressure
For CHF, PULMONARY EDEMA,
Dose: 0.5 to 1mg/kg
Ipratropium (atrovent)
Bronchodilator, anticholinergic
- Antagonizes the acetylcholine receptor on bronchial smooth muscles, producing bronchodilation
0.5mg nebulized
Ketamine (ketalar)
General anesthetic
-Produces a state of anesthesia while maintaining airway reflexes, heart rate, blood pressure.
Dose: 1 to 4.5 mg/kg
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Antiarrhythmic
-Blocks sodium channels, increasing the recovery period after repolarization
Dose: 1.5mg
Lorazepam (ativan)
Benzodiazepine
-Binds to the benzodiazepine receptor and enhances the effect of the brain chemical GABA, an inhibitory transmitter, and may result in state of sedation, hypnosis, skeletal muscle relaxation
For sedation induction, anxiety, status epilepticus
Dose: 2mg for sedation. and 4mg for seizures
Methylprednisolone (solu-medrol)
Corticosteroid
- reduces inflammation by multiple mechanisms
For anaphylaxis, asthma, COPD.
Meperidine (demerol)
Narcotic analgesic
-Binds to opiate receptors, producing analgesia and euphoria
For moderate to severe pain.
Dose: 50mg to 150mg
Midazolam (versed)
Benzodiazepine
-short acting CNS depression including sedation, skeletal muscle relaxation, and anticonvulsant activity.
For sedation, anxiety, skeletal muscle relaxation
Dose: 1 mg
Morphine
Opiate agonist
-Reduces stimulation of the SNS caused by pain and anxiety. Reduction of sympathetic stimulation reduces heart rate, cardiac work, and MI consumption
For moderate to severe pain, chest pain, CHF, and pulmonary edema.
Dose: 2.5 to 15 mg for basic pain. 2 to 4mg for chest pain with CHF or pulmonary edema
Ondansetron (zofran)
Antiemetic
-prevent nausea and vomiting
For nausea and vomiting
Dose: 4mg ODT or IV
Pancuronium (pavulon)
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker
-Antagonizes acetylcholine at the motor end plate, producing skeletal muscle paralysis
For ET intubation
Dose: 0.04-0.1mg
Propofol (diprivan)
Anesthetic
-Produces rapid and brief state of general anesthesia
For anesthesia induction
Dose: 2 to 2.5 mg
Rocuronium (zemuron)
Neuromuscular blocker, nondepolarizing
Produces skeletal muscle paralysis
For ET intubation
Dose: 0.6 to 1.2 mg
Succinylcholine (anectine)
Neuromuscular blocker, depolarizing
- Helps with muscle paralysis
For ET intubation
Dose: 0.6mg
Vasopressin
Nonadrenergic vasoconstrictor
-Causes vasoconstriction independent of adrenergic receptors or neural innervation,
For adult shock VF or pulseless VT, asystole, PEA, vasodilatory shock
Dose: 40 units
Vecuronium (Norcuron)
Neuromuscular blocker, nondepolarizing
-causes muscle paralysis
For ET intubation
Dose: 0.08-0.1mg
Verapamil (isoptin)
Calcium channel blocker
-Blocks calcium from moving into the heart muscle cell, which prolongs the conduction of electrical impulses through the AV node. Also dilates arteries
For A-fib, hypertension, PSVT, PSVT prophylaxis
Dose: 2.5 to 5mg
Norepinephrine (levophed)
Sympathomimetic
-Increases blood pressure and increase heart to a lesser degree
For neurogenic shock, septic shock, hypotension
Dose: 0.5-1mcg/min