A patient has undergone repeated, appropriate periodontal therapy over the past 5 years. Today, the hygienist notes additional attachment loss at several sites. The patient practices satisfactory self-care and follows the recommended program of periodontal maintenance visits. Which of the following is the most likely disease classification for this patient?
Select one:
A. Refractory periodontitis
B. Periodontitis
C. Redundant periodontitis
D. Recurrent periodontitis

A. Refractory periodontitis

Your patient has had infrequent visits to the dentist. A periodontal assessment shows the following:
• Plaque biofilm that is consistent with the amount of inflammation
• Swelling and redness of the gingiva
• Bleeding on probing
• Generalized loss of attachment.

Which of the following is the most likely disease classification for this patient?
Select one:
A. Refractory periodontitis
B. Periodontitis
C. Nonplaque-induced gingival disease
D. Plaque-induced gingivitis

B. Periodontitis

The most frequently occurring form of periodontitis is:
Select one:
A. Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease
B. Gingivitis associated with dental plaque only
C. Periodontitis
D. Necrotizing periodontal diseases

C. Periodontitis

A 50-year old patient presents with 1 mm of attachment loss in most of the mouth, however there is 6 mm of attachment loss present on the proximal surfaces of the maxillary first and second molars. Which of the following is the most likely disease classification for this patient?
Select one:
A. Localized periodontitis
B. Refractory periodontitis
C. Redundant periodontitis
D. Recurrent periodontitis

A. Localized periodontitis

Refractory periodontitis occurs despite good self-care and appropriate therapy and regular maintenance visits. Recurrent periodontitis occurs because the patient did not control the bacterial plaque biofilm and/or the periodontal disease was not adequately treated.
Select one:
A. The first statement is true; the second is false
B. Both statements are false
C. The first statement is false; the second is true
D. Both statements are true

D. Both statements are true

All of the following are true of periodontitis, EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. Host response plays an important role in pathogenesis
B. The disease always progresses at a rapid rate
C. Gingival bleeding is a common clinical finding
D. Signs may include periodontal pockets and tooth mobility

B. The disease always progresses at a rapid rate

Three months ago, a patient with periodontitis was seen for a maintenance visit. Today, he returns for another maintenance visit and the hygienist notes that there is no additional attachment loss in most areas of the mouth. The one exception is a 2 mm increase in clinical attachment loss on the distal proximal surface of tooth #20. The area on tooth #20 is described as:
Select one:
A. Recurrent disease
B. Refractory disease
C. Generalized disease
D. Site-specific disease

D. Site-specific disease

In Stage II Grade B periodontitis, the gingival tissue may appear bright red or purplish. The clinical appearance of the tissues is not a reliable indicator of the presence or severity of chronic periodontitis.
Select one:
A. Both statements are false
B. The first statement is true; the second is false
C. Both statements are true
D. The first statement is false; the second is true

C. Both statements are true

Your patient is 40 years old. A periodontal assessment shows the following:
• Purplish, swollen gingiva
• Recession of the gingival margin
• Generalized loss of attachment that has not progressed (worsened) from 2 years ago
• Patient reports gums that bleed during brushing, but no pain

Which of the following is the most likely disease classification for this patient?
Select one:
A. Nonplaque-induced gingival disease
B. Periodontitis
C. Refractory periodontitis
D. Plaque-induced gingivitis

B. Periodontitis

The therapeutic endpoints of periodontal therapy include all of the following EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. Reduction of periodontal pockets by 3 mm
B. Preserving teeth and periodontium in a state of health
C. Elimination of microbial etiology
D. Preventing reoccurrence of periodontal disease

A. Reduction of periodontal pockets by 3 mm

All of the following are optimal treatment modalities in treating periodontal disease EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. Periodontal instrumentation to remove microbial etiology
B. Removing diseased cementum during root scaling
C. Repairing overhanging margins on restorations
D. Periodontal surgery

B. Removing diseased cementum during root scaling

All of the following are characteristics of periodontitis EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. Disease progresses at a slow to moderate rate
B. Can be modified by cigarette smoking
C. Radiographic evidence of horizontal bone loss
D. Most common in adults who are younger than age 35 years

D. Most common in adults who are younger than age 35 years

The difference in severity between Stage II periodontitis and Stage III periodontitis is that:
Select one:
A. There is no bleeding detected upon probing in Stage II periodontitis but definitely bleeding upon probing in Stage III periodontitis
B. There is less than 4 mm bone loss in Stage II periodontitis and greater than 6 mm in Stage III periodontitis
C. Probing depths in Stage II periodontitis do not measure more than 4 mm whereas in Stage III periodontitis they measure equal to or over 5 mm
D. Clinical attachment loss is between 1 and2 mm in Stage II periodontitis and 3 and 4 mm in Stage III periodontitis

C. Probing depths in Stage II periodontitis do not measure more than 4 mm whereas in Stage III periodontitis they measure equal to or over 5 mm

Three months ago, a patient with periodontitis was seen for a maintenance visit. Three months ago clinical attachment loss ranged from 4 to 6 mm. Today, he returns for a maintenance visit and the hygienist notes that there is no additional attachment loss in most areas of the mouth. The one exception is a 2 mm increase in clinical attachment loss on the distal proximal surface of tooth #20. How would you characterize the periodontal disease progression in this patient's mouth?
Select one:
A. Disease progression is slow
B. Moderate periodontitis
C. Disease progression is rapid
D. Slight periodontitis

A. Disease progression is slow

A patient was successfully treated for periodontitis 2 years ago, but today presents with a reappearance of the signs of symptoms of periodontitis. The hygienist notices that the patient's self-care is NOT adequate. Which of the following is the most likely disease classification for this patient?
Select one:
A. Refractory periodontitis
B. Recurrent periodontitis
C. Periodontitis
D. Redundant periodontitis

B. Recurrent periodontitis

Disease sites that have not responded successfully to treatment are characterized by:
Select one:
A. Pain in the localized area
B. White fibrotic gingival tissue
C. Plaque levels compatible with healthy gingiva
D. Increasing clinical attachment loss

D. Increasing clinical attachment loss

A patient presents with:
• Pink gingival tissues
• CEJ slightly coronal to the JE
• No visible change in tissue contour
• No visible change in tissue consistency.

The hygienist classifies this periodontal disease as gingivitis associated with plaque only. Does she have enough information to make this decision?
Select one:
A. No, because the tissues can have these characteristics in periodontitis
B. Yes, because the tissues have a normal color, contour, and consistency

A. No, because the tissues can have these characteristics in periodontitis

All of the following are typical warning signs of periodontitis EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. Loose teeth
B. Red, swollen gingiva
C. Pain
D. Bad taste in the mouth

C. Pain

All of the following statements about NG are FALSE EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. NG develops in young people who have an excess of protein in their diets
B. NG is seen more in people of Asian descent than any other race group
C. NG is seen more in people with high levels of emotional and personal stress
D. NG is rarely seen in children living in developing countries

C. NG is seen more in people with high levels of emotional and personal stress

A patient who presents with marginal tissue recession which does not extend to the mucogingival junction is said to have which of the following Miller Classifications?
Select one:
A. Class 0
B. Class III
C. Class II
D. Class I

D. Class I

A patient who exhibits loss of interproximal attachment associated with horizontal bone loss is said to have which Cairo Classification?
Select one:
A. RT3
B. RT2
C. RT0
D. RT1

B. RT2

A palatolingual groove can enhance plaque retention thereby contributing to initiation of periodontal disease. Poorly fitting orthodontic appliances have been known to initiate periodontal disease.
Select one:
A. The first statement is false; the second statement is true
B. Both statements are false
C. Both statements are true
D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false

D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false

Gingival recession is the most common mucogingival deformity. Absence of attached gingiva predisposes a person to gingival recession.
Select one:
A. Both statements are false
B. Both statements are true
C. The first statement is false; the second statement is true
D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false

B. Both statements are true

The yellow-white or grayish tissue slough covering affected gingival tissues in NPD is called:
Select one:
A. Gingival derma
B. Gingival halo
C. Fibrin
D. Pseudomembrane

D. Pseudomembrane

A patient who presents with clear, thin delicate gingiva is said to have which periodontal biotype?
Select one:
A. Thin scalloped
B. Thick scalloped
C. Thin flat
D. Thick flat

A. Thin scalloped

Associated symptoms of NPD include all of the following EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. Excessive salivation
B. Fetid odor
C. Swollen lymph nodes
D. Pigmented gingiva

D. Pigmented gingiva

The main difference between NG and NP is that NP leads to attachment and bone loss. The main difference between NG and NP is that NP involves the tongue and buccal mucosa as well as gingiva and alveolar bone
Select one:
A. Both statements are false
B. Both statements are true
C. The first statement is false; the second statement is true
D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false

D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false

Necrotizing periodontal diseases include all of the following EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. Necrotizing gingivitis
B. Necrotizing mucogingiva
C. Necrotizing stomatitis
D. Necrotizing periodontitis

B. Necrotizing mucogingiva

One critical component of NPD is advanced age. NPD is more commonly found in the 40 year and older age group.
Select one:
A. Both statements are false
B. The first statement is false; the second statement is true
C. The first statement is true; the second statement is false
D. Both statements are true

A. Both statements are false

Necrotizing periodontal diseases is characterized by papillae that appear cratered. Although tissues in NPD appear fiery red, they are not painful.
Select one:
A. Both statements are true
B. The first statement is true; the second statement is false
C. The first statement is false; the second statement is true
D. Both statements are false

B. The first statement is true; the second statement is false