Which of the following statements about insulin effects is correct?

a. Insulin stimulates the endocytosis of GLUT4 transporters.

b. Insulin reduces cell glucose levels.

c. Insulin increases the absorption of glucose by skeletal muscle, liver, and fat cells.

d. Insulin increases glucose levels in blood plasma.

c. Insulin increases the absorption of glucose by skeletal muscle, liver, and fat cells.

Excess insulin in the blood can induce (select all that apply)

a. hypoglycemia

b. hyperglycemia

c. insulin shock

d. diabetes.

a. hypoglycemia

c. insulin shock

Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by

Check All That Apply

a. causing skeletal muscle cells to uptake glucose.

b. causing liver cells to uptake glucose

c. causing glucose to be released in urine.

d. causing glucose to be stored in bone.

a, b

Match the following hormones with the cell type from which it is secreted.

1. glucagon 2. somatostatin 3. Insulin

Options:

a. alpha cells

b. beta cells

c. delta cells

glucagon = alpha cells

somatostatin = delta cells

insulin = beta cells

Which one of the following statements underlines the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in tissue cells?

a. insulin binds to glucose transporters

b. insulin promotes the opening of GLUT4 transporters at the plasma membrane

c. translocation of GLUT4 transporters from cytoplasm to the plasma membrane

c. translocation of GLUT4 transporters from cytoplasm to the plasma membrane

When insulin is administered in excess, blood glucose level ______________, producing early signs of hypoglycemia, which, if left untreated, results in a dangerous state called insulin shock.

a. increases

b. decreases

b. decreases

Select all of the following that are early signs of hypoglycemia.

a. coma

b. shakiness

c. unconsciousness

d. hunger

b. shakiness, d. hunger

If inhibiting thyroid hormone release with PTU (propylthiouracil) in an experiment, the ____ group receives PTU and the ____ group receives no PTU.

a. control; experimental

b. test group; non-test group

c. experimental; control

c. experimental; control

When your body temperature is low, you rely on ________ to regulate your body temperature.

check all that apply.

a. shivering

b. sweating

c. increasing metabolic rate

d. breathing heavy

a. shivering

c. increasing metabolic rate

If thyroid hormones are not released, you can regulate body temperature by _____, which requires a greater use of _____.

a. shivering; oxygen

b. sweating; calcium

c. eating; glucose

d. exhaling; carbon dioxide

a. shivering; oxygen

When measuring oxygen consumption to measure metabolic activity, you must take into account the ____ of the mice, which is called ____.

a. age; averaging the data

b. length; averaging the data

c. sex; normalizing the data

d. weight; normalizing the data

d. weight; normalizing the data

Why does oxygen consumption have to be normalized when comparing two animals?

Multiple Choice

a. They differ in gender.

b. They differ in hormone levels.

c. They differ in thyroid size.

d. They differ in muscle mass.

d. They differ in muscle mass.

Select each of the following that describes how propylthiouracil (PTU) affects the body.

Check All That Apply

a. PTU inhibits the conversion of T3 into T4 in peripheral tissues.PTU inhibits the conversion of T3 into T4 in peripheral tissues.

b. PTU increases the production of thyroid hormones.PTU increases the production of thyroid hormones.

c. PTU inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxydase and the synthesis of thryroglobulin.PTU inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxydase and the synthesis of thryroglobulin.

d. PTU inhibits the conversion of T4 into T3 in peripheral tissues.

c. PTU inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxydase and the synthesis of thryroglobulin.PTU inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxydase and the synthesis of thryroglobulin.

d. PTU inhibits the conversion of T4 into T3 in peripheral tissues.

Administration of PTU would produce the following effects on the synthesis of thyroid hormone?

a. decrease thyroid hormone production

b. no change in thyroid hormone production

c. increase thryoid hormone production

a. decrease thyroid hormone production

If you inhibit thyroid hormones with PTU (propylthiouracil) in mice the metabolic rate will ________. A low temperature the mice will shiver to maintain body temperature, which will cause the oxygen consumption to _______.

a. decrease; decrease

b. increase; decrease

c. increase; increase

d. decrease; increase

c. increase; increase

Explanation

If you inhibit thyroid hormones with PTU (propylthiouracil) in mice, the metabolic rate will increase and the oxygen consumption will increase. If PTU inhibits the thyroid hormones, the body will use shivering to increase the metabolic rate, which will cause an increase in the consumption of oxygen in order to produce ATP.

When using a respirometer to measure the effect of PTU in mice we are measuring _____ consumption.

a. oxygen

b. food

c. carbon dioxide

d. heat

a. oxygen

Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by...

check all that apply

a. causing skeletal muscle cells to uptake glucose

b. causing liver cells to uptake glucose

c. causing glucose to be released to urine

d. causing glucose to be stored in bone

a. causing skeletal muscle cells to uptake glucose

b. causing liver cells to uptake glucose