Motivation

Motivation is the reason why employees work hard and effectively for a business

Autocratic Leadership

Leader makes all decisions, one way communication

Bonus

an extra reward given to employees for reaching a certain target

Commission

salespeople are given a % of the selling price if they make a sale. employees get rewarded with a % of the firms profits annually

Delegation

Passing responsibility to subordinates to complete tasks

Democratic leadership

Leader consults with employees before making decision - two way communication

Discrimination

Treating an employee differently because of age, ethnicity, gender,

Dismissal

End of employement due to underperformance or breaking company regulations

Functions of management

Planning, Commanding, Controlling, Organising and co-ordinating

Herzberg's Hygiene Factors

"basic employee needs which must be fulfilled before employees can be motivated

Induction training

Training to familairise new employees with the workplace, co workers and procedures

Job enrichment

employees are given additional responsibility in their day to day tasks which often involved more training or development.

Job rotation

employees switch simple tasks for a short time.

Labour productivity

Labour productivity – output per worker measured by Output/no. of workers

Labour turnover

is the amount of employees leaving a business in a year and is calculated as a share of the total workforce

Lassez-Faire Leadership

A "hand's off" approach to leadership where most decisions and responisbility are delegated to employeeds

Legal Minimum Wage

Government sets the lowest pay rate for workers within a country

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs

ranked human needs in order from survival needs to self actualisation

Off the job training

Training off site at a college or specialist training location

On the job training

Training at the workplace under the direction of an experienced employee

Opportunities for promotion

Employees are given a position of higher responsibility and/or status in an organisation

Recruitment and Selection

Finding and choosing the correct candidate for the vacant job post

Salary

fixed payment usually paid monthly

Span of control

No of subordinates who report to each manager/supervisor

Taylor

viewed workers as machines – they more you pay they harder they will work.

Team working

– group of employees are given responsibility for a specific project, department or unit of work.

Trade Union

Organisation of employees who aim to improve the pay and conditions of their members

Training

improving the knowledge and skills of employees so they perform their jobs more effectively.

Unfair dismissal

Ending a work contract without proper or legal justification.

Wages

payment for work, usually paid weekly

External recruitment

Hiring an employee for a post not currently employed by the business

Internal recruitment

Hiring an employee for a post currently employed by the business in another post

Redundancy

Losing employment as the postion no longer exists - for example after a factory is closed

Mintzberg's Roles of Management,

Mintzberg identified 10 roles common to all managers under three categories, interpersonal, informational and decisional roles

McGregor's Leadership Roles,

Management attitudes to employees - theory X sees employees as lazy and irresponsible, theory y as hardworking and responsible

Mayo,

Recommended working in teams, greater consultation between workers and managers and allowing greater control over the daily lives of employees to improve motivation

McClelland/Vroom Expectancy Theory,

Expectancy theory based on valence, expectancy and instrumentality connecting employee efforts to rewards in order to improve motivation.

Performance Related Pay,

A bonus scheme used to motivate employees for above average performance

Emotional Intelligence,

managers ability to understand their own emotions and those around them, leading to attaining business objectives.

Worker participation,

o any process in the company that allows workers to exert influence over their work or their working conditions.

Job Redesign,

Restructuring the elements including tasks, duties and responsibilities of a specific job in order to make it more encouraging and inspiring for the employees or

Empowerment,

delegation of some authority and responsibility to employees and involving them in the decision-making process

Fringe benefit,

an extra benefit in addition to an employee's money wage or salary, for example a company car, private healthcare, etc.

Job description,

Duties and responsibilities of a postion

Person specifications,

description of the qualifications, skills, experience, knowledge and other attributes (selection criteria) which a candidate must possess to perform the job duties.

Contract of employment,

A contract is an agreement between employee and employer setting out terms and conditions of a job.

Staff morale,

attitude, satisfaction and overall outlook of employees towards an organization or a business.

Diversity and equality policies,

outlines how a business will avoid discrimination against employees, and create a safe and inclusive workplace