front 1 1.)Wavelike smooth muscle contractions that move foodstuffs through
the alimentary tube. | back 1 1.) C 2.) A 3.) B 4.) D |
front 2 1.)Increases output of enzymatic-rich pancreatic juice. | back 2 1.) B 2.) A 3.) C 4.) D |
front 3 true or false: | back 3 False |
front 4 True or False: The circular folds of the small intestine enhance absorption by causing the chyme to spiral, rather than to move in a straight line, as it passes through the small intestine. | back 4 True |
front 5 True or false: Gastric accommodation is an example of smooth muscle plasticity. | back 5 True |
front 6 True or false: All the chemical and mechanical phases of digestion from the mouth through the small intestine are directed toward changing food into forms that can pass through the epithelial cells lining the mucosa into the underlying blood and lymphatic vessels | back 6 True |
front 7 True or false: The only essential function of the stomach is to begin the digestion of proteins. | back 7 False |
front 8 True or False: The peritoneum is the most extensive serous membrane in the body | back 8 True |
front 9 True or False: Peyer's patches are found in the submucosa of the distal end of the small intestine | back 9 True |
front 10 True or False: The major means of propulsion through the alimentary canal is peristalsis | back 10 True |
front 11 True or false: The digestive function of the liver is to produce bile | back 11 True |
front 12 True or False: The pancreas has both an endocrine and an exocrine function | back 12 True |
front 13 True or False: The intrinsic ability of visceral smooth muscle to exhibit the stress-relaxation response is termed plasticity. | back 13 True |
front 14 True or False: Most nutrients are absorbed through the mucosa of the intestinal villi by active transport | back 14 True |
front 15 True or False: Ionic iron is actively transported into the mucosal cells, where it binds to the protein ferritin, a phenomenon called the mucosal iron barrier | back 15 True |
front 16 True or false: Most gastric ulcers are due to excessive production of hydrochloric acid | back 16 False |
front 17 The mechanical and chemical receptors that control digestive activity
are located ________. | back 17 B |
front 18 When we ingest large molecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, and
proteins, they must undergo catabolic reactions whereby enzymes split
these molecules. This series of reactions is called ________. B) mechanical digestion C) chemical digestion D) secretion | back 18 C |
front 19 From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the
alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange
them in order from the lumen. B) muscularis externa, serosa, mucosa, and submucosa C) submucosa, serosa, muscularis externa, and mucosa D) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa | back 19 D |
front 20 What part of the tooth bears the force of chewing? A) pulp B) cementum C) enamel D) crown | back 20 C |
front 21 The capillaries that nourish the epithelium and absorb digested nutrients lie in the ________. A) lamina propria B) adventitia C) serosa D) submucosa | back 21 A |
front 22 Choose the incorrect statement regarding bile. A) Bile functions to emulsify fats. B) Bile contains enzymes for digestion. C) Bile functions to carry bilirubin formed from breakdown of worn-out RBCs. D) Bile is both an excretory product and a digestive secretion. | back 22 B |
front 23 The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by
increasing the surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the
following accomplish this task? B) the vast array of digestive enzymes C) plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli D) Brunner's glands and Peyer Patches | back 23 C |
front 24 Select the statement that is true concerning primary teeth. A) There are 27 primary teeth, and the molars are permanent. B) There are 24 primary teeth, and no new primary teeth appear after 13 months. C) There are 32 primary teeth, and by 36 months of age, most children have all 32. D) There are 20 primary teeth, and by 24 months of age most children have all 20 | back 24 D |
front 25 Which of the following is not true of saliva? A) contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of proteins B) dissolves food chemicals so they can be tasted C) cleanses the mouth D) moistens food and aids in compacting of the bolus | back 25 A |
front 26 The salivary glands are composed of which two types of secretory cells? A) cuboidal epithelium and ciliated columnar cells B) goblet cells and squamous epithelial cells C) parietal cells and glial cells D) serous cells and mucous cells | back 26 D |
front 27 Chyme is created in the ________. A) mouth B) small intestine C) esophagus D) stomach | back 27 D |
front 28 Gastrin, histamine, endorphins, serotonin, cholecystokinin, and
somatostatin are hormones or paracrines that are released directly
into the lamina propria. Which of the following cell types synthesize
and secrete these products? B) enteroendocrine cells C) zymogenic cells D) parietal cells | back 28 B |
front 29 There are three phases of gastric secretion. The cephalic phase occurs ________. A) immediately after food enters the stomach, preparing the small intestine for the influx of a variety of nutrients B) when the meal is excessively high in acids and neutralization is required C) before food enters the stomach and is triggered by aroma, sight, or thought D) at the end of a large meal, and the juices secreted are powerful and remain in the GI tract for a long period of time | back 29 C |
front 30 There are some 20 known pathogens found in the large intestine; our
Ig ________ antibody-mediated response restricts them from going
beyond the mucosa and causing problems. B) M C) E D) D | back 30 A |
front 31 The ingestion of a meal high in fat content would cause which of the following to occur? A) Severe indigestion would occur, caused by the lack of sufficient digestive enzymes. B) Bile would be released from the gallbladder to emulsify the fat in the duodenum. C) This type of food would cause secretion of gastrin to cease, causing digestive upset. D) The acid secretions from the stomach would be sufficient to digest this food. Answer: B | back 31 B |
front 32 Select the correct statement about absorption. A) Amino acid transport is linked to chloride transport. B) Eighty percent of ingested materials have been absorbed by the end of the large intestine. C) Carbohydrates diffuse across the villus epithelium and are then actively transported into blood capillaries. D) If intact proteins are transported across the villus epithelium, an immune response may be generated. | back 32 D |
front 33 Select the correct statement about digestive processes. A) Chyme entering the duodenum can decrease gastric motility via the enterogastric reflex. B) Enterogastrone is a hormone that helps increase gastric motility. C) All commonly ingested substances are significantly absorbed by
the mucosa of the stomach. | back 33 A |
front 34 Paneth cells ________. A) secrete digestive enzymes B) secrete bicarbonate ions C) secrete enzymes that kill bacteria D) secrete hormones | back 34 C |
front 35 Which of the following isnot characteristic of the large intestine? It ________. A) does not contain villi B) is longer than the small intestine C) has pocket-like sacs called haustra D) exhibits external muscular bands called teniae coli | back 35 B |
front 36 Which of the following enzymes is specific for proteins? A) trypsin B) dextrinase C) lipase D) amylase | back 36 A |
front 37 Which of the following are types of papillae on the tongue that contain taste buds? A) circumvallate and filiform B) palatine and circumvallate C) fungiform, circumvallate, and filiform D) fungiform and circumvallate | back 37 D |
front 38 The function of goblet cells is to ________. A) provide protection against invading bacteria and other disease-causing organisms that enter the digestive tract in food B) absorb nutrients from digested food and store them for future use C) secrete buffers in order to keep the pH of the digestive tract close to neutral D) produce mucus that protects parts of the digestive organs from the effects of powerful enzymes needed for food digestion | back 38 D |
front 39 The lamina propria is composed of ________. A) loose connective tissue B) dense regular connective tissue C) reticular connective tissue D) dense irregular connective tissue | back 39 A |
front 40 Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were severely damaged? A) starches B) carbohydrates C) proteins D) lipids | back 40 D |
front 41 If an incision has to be made in the small intestine to remove an
obstruction, the first layer of tissue to be cut is the
________. B) submucosa C) serosa D) mucosa | back 41 C |
front 42 Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor in order to be absorbed? A) C B) B12 C) K D) A | back 42 B |
front 43 Hepatocytes do not ________. A) detoxify toxic chemicals B) process nutrients C) produce digestive enzymes D) store fat-soluble vitamins | back 43 C |
front 44 Short-chain triglycerides found in foods such as butterfat molecules
in milk are split by a specific enzyme in preparation for absorption.
Which of the following enzymes is responsible? | back 44 A |
front 45 The ducts that deliver bile and pancreatic juice from the liver and
pancreas, respectively, unite to form the ________. B) pancreatic acini C) portal vein D) hepatopancreatic ampulla | back 45 D |