front 1 serves as the actual "trigger" for muscle contraction by removing theinhibition of the toponin molecules | back 1 calcium ions |
front 2 a neurotransmitter released at motor end plates by the axon terminal | back 2 acetylcholine |
front 3 diffusion across the cell membrane results in depolarization | back 3 sodium ions |
front 4 used to convert ADP to ATP by transfer of a high-energy phosphate group. A reserve high-energy compound | back 4 creatine phosphate |
front 5 destroys ACh | back 5 acetylcholinesterase |
front 6 muscle that opposes and reverses the action of another muscle | back 6 antagonist |
front 7 muscle that stabilizes the origin of another muscle | back 7 fixator |
front 8 muscle that is primarily responsible for bringing about a particular movement | back 8 agonist |
front 9 muscle that aids another by promoting the same movement | back 9 synergist |
front 10 which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?
| back 10 smooth |
front 11 most skeletal muscles contain _______
| back 11 a mixture of fiber types |
front 12 Myoglobin ______
| back 12 stores oxygen in muscle cells |
front 13 What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage?
| back 13 sarcoplasmic reticulum |
front 14 creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by ______
| back 14 storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP |
front 15 The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to ______
| back 15 regulate intracellular calcium concentration |
front 16 During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?
| back 16 actin filaments |
front 17 rigor mortis occurs because _____
| back 17 no ATP is available to release attached actin and myosin molecules |
front 18 During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvic acid is converted to ______
| back 18 lactic acid |
front 19 what is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?
| back 19 the total number of muscle cells available for contraction |
front 20 When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle?
| back 20 the muscle is able to change direction twice, three times, or four times faster that other muscles, respectively. |
front 21 the names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean?
| back 21 the muscle elevates |
front 22 Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?
| back 22 they are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity |
front 23 which of the following muscles inserts by the calcaneal tendon?
| back 23 the gastrocnemius |
front 24 a muscle that opposes, or reverses, a particular movement is a ______
| back 24 antagonist |
front 25 what are the ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called?
| back 25 ependymal cells |
front 26 which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle?
| back 26 acetylcholine |
front 27 The period after an inital stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the _____
| back 27 absolute refractory period |
front 28 the part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a ____
| back 28 axon |
front 29 an impulse form one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the _____
| back 29 synapse |
front 30 collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called
| back 30 ganglia |
front 31 the substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a
| back 31 neurotransmitter |
front 32 only _____ muscle cells are always multinucleated | back 32 skeletal |
front 33 the end of the muscle that typically moves when a muscle contracts is called the _____ | back 33 insertion |
front 34 the time in which cross bridges are active is called the period of _____ | back 34 contraction |
front 35 only _____ muscle cells commonly branch | back 35 cardiac |
front 36 WHat is a muscle spasm? | back 36 twitch |
front 37 The _____ is the main chewing muscle | back 37 masseter |
front 38 The abnormal protrusion of the small intestine through a weak point in the muscle of the abdominal wall is called a _______ | back 38 hernia |
front 39 That part of the nervious system that is voluntary and conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ______ nervous system | back 39 somatic |
front 40 neuroglia found in the CNS that bind axons and blood vessels to each other are called ______ | back 40 astrocytes |
front 41 When information is delivered with the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the neural pathway, the process is called _____ processing | back 41 parallel |
front 42 connective tissue sheath surrounding individual muscle fibers | back 42 B |
front 43 bundle of muscle cells surrounded by a perimysium | back 43 D |
front 44 connective tissue covering the exterior of a muscle organ | back 44 A |
front 45 conncetive tissue surrounding muscle fiber bundles | back 45 E |
front 46 individual muscle fiber | back 46 C |
front 47 Ion channel | back 47 E |
front 48 Synaptic vesicles | back 48 C |
front 49 calcium ions | back 49 A |
front 50 postsynaptic membrane | back 50 B |
front 51 synaptic cleft | back 51 D |