front 1 The parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall. True | back 1 True |
front 2 The lungs are perfused by two circulations: the pulmonary and the bronchial. The pulmonary circulation is for oxygenation of blood. The bronchial circulation supplies blood to the lung structures (tissue). True | back 2 True |
front 3 Which of the following is responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall? the visceral pleurae and the changing volume of the
lungs | back 3 Surface tension from pleural fluid negative pressure in the pleural cavity |
front 4 Which of the following statements about the pleurae is NOT true? The parietal and visceral pleura are continuous. | back 4 The pleural create one continuous cavity for both lungs |
front 5 Which blood vessels supply oxygenated systemic blood to the lung tissue? | back 5 bronchial arteries |
front 6 Which of the following cavities surround(s) the lungs alone? | back 6 pleural cavities |
front 7 Which of the following pressures rises and falls with the phases of breathing but eventually equalizes with the atmospheric pressure? | back 7 intrapulmonary pressure |
front 8 Which of the following pressures must remain negative to prevent lung collapse? | back 8 intrapleural pressure |
front 9 Calculate the intrapleural pressure if atmospheric pressure is 765 millimeters of mercury, assuming that the subject is at rest (not inhaling or exhaling). | back 9 761 millimeter of mercury |
front 10 Which of the following pressure relationships best illustrates when inspiration will occur? | back 10 Ppul < Patm |
front 11 __________ pressure, the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the lungs from collapsing. Transthoracic | back 11 transpulmonary |
front 12 In pneumothorax, the lung collapses because ______. intrapleural pressure is lower than transpulmonary
pressure | back 12 intrapleural pressure is higher than intrapulmonary pressure |
front 13 Which of the following would NOT be involved in causing bronchiolar constriction during an asthma attack? acetylcholine | back 13 adrenal medulla |
front 14 In babies born prematurely, pulmonary surfactant may not be present in adequate amounts ______. in the conducting zone structures of the lungs | back 14 due to insufficient exocytosis in the type II alveolar cells |
front 15 If the compliance of the thoracic wall is decreased, ______. the intrapleural pressure would not decrease normally during
inhalation | back 15 the intrapleural pressure would not decrease normally during inhalation |
front 16 Intrapulmonary pressure is the ________. pressure within the alveoli of the lungs | back 16 pressure within the alveoli of the lungs |
front 17 Part complete Henry's law | back 17 Boyle's law |
front 18 Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by ________. -interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby
reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid | back 18 interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid |
front 19 Which of the following refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs? internal respiration | back 19 pulmonary ventilation |
front 20 The major nonelastic source of resistance to air flow in the respiratory passageways is ________. surfactant | back 20 friction |
front 21 Select the correct statement about the physical factors influencing pulmonary ventilation. Surfactant helps increase alveolar surface tension. | back 21 As alveolar surface tension increases, additional muscle action will be required |
front 22 Which of the following is NOT a physical factor that influences pulmonary ventilation? partial pressure of oxygen in the air | back 22 partial pressure of oxygen in the air |
front 23 Intrapleural pressure is normally about 4 mm Hg less than the pressure in the alveoli. True | back 23 true |
front 24 Tidal volume is air ________. exchanged during normal breathing | back 24 exchanged during normal breathing |
front 25 The lung volume that represents the total volume of exchangeable air is the ________. tidal volume | back 25 vital capacity |
front 26 The amount of air that can be inspired above the tidal volume is called ________. vital capacity | back 26 inspiratory reserve volume |
front 27 Inspiratory capacity is ________. the total amount of exchangeable air | back 27 the total amount of air that can be inspired after a tidal expiration |
front 28 Spirometry results reveal a vital capacity of two liters which is well below the predicted value of five liters. This suggests which disorder? emphysema | back 28 restrictive disease |
front 29 Part complete tidal volume | back 29 tidal volume |
front 30 The alveolar ventilation rate is the best index of effective ventilation. True | back 30 true |
front 31 Emphysema can result in an ______. increased level of carbaminohemoglobin | back 31 all of the list responses are correct |
front 32 During pneumonia, the lungs become "waterlogged"; this means that within the alveoli there is an abnormal accumulation of ______. blood | back 32 interstitial fluid |
front 33 Henry's law of partial pressures states that when a gas is in contact with a liquid, that gas will dissolve in the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure. True | back 33 true |
front 34 The statement, "in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of gases in the mixture" paraphrases ________. Boyle's law | back 34 Datlon's law |
front 35 For gas exchange to be efficient, the respiratory membrane must be ________. between 5 and 6 micrometers thick | back 35 0.5 to 1 micrometer thick |
front 36 The local matching of blood flow with ventilation is ________. chloride shifting | back 36 ventilation- perfusion coupling |
front 37 Which of the choices below determines the direction of respiratory gas movement? the temperature | back 37 partial pressure gradiant |
front 38 Part complete diffusion | back 38 diffusion |
front 39 Part complete True | back 39 true |
front 40 In the plasma, the quantity of oxygen in solution is ________. about equal to the oxygen combined with hemoglobin | back 40 only about 1.5% of the oxygen carried in blood |
front 41 Which form of CO2 transport accounts for the least amount of CO2 transported in blood? as carbon monoxide in plasma | back 41 dissolved in plasma |
front 42 Which form of hypoxia reflects poor O2 delivery resulting from too few RBCs or from RBCs that contain abnormal or too little hemoglobin? hypoxemic hypoxia | back 42 anemic hypoxia |
front 43 How is the bulk of carbon dioxide transported in blood? -chemically combined with the amino acids of hemoglobin as
carbaminohemoglobin in the red blood cells | back 43 as bicarbonate ions in plasma after first entering the red blood cells |
front 44 Which of the following is an appropriate response to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning? hyperbaric oxygen chamber to increase PO2 and clear CO from the
body | back 44 hyperbaric oxygen chamber to increase PO2 and clear CO from the body |
front 45 The Bohr effect refers to the unloading of ________ in a RBC due to declining blood pH. carbon dioxide | back 45 oxygen |
front 46 Which of the following is NOT a benefit of breathing through the nose? heating and moistening the air entering the nasal
cavity | back 46 destruction of pathogens entering the nasopharynx |
front 47 Which of the following is the region where the respiratory path has to cross the digestive pathway? larynx | back 47 pharynx |