front 1 1) A sponge's structural materials (spicules, spongin) are manufactured by the A) pore cells. B) epidermal cells. C) choanocytes. D) amoebocytes. | back 1 D |
front 2 2) How many of the following can be observed in the mesohyl of various undisturbed sponges at one time or another?
| back 2 D |
front 3 3) Which chemical is synthesized by some sponges and acts as an antibiotic? A) streptomycin B) spongin C) calcium carbonate D) silica E) cribrostatin | back 3 E |
front 4 4) In terms of food capture, which sponge cell is most similar to the cnidocyte of a cnidarian?
D) pore cell | back 4 B |
front 5 5) Sponges are most accurately described as A) marine predators. B) marine filter feeders. C) freshwater scavengers. D) aquatic filter feeders. E) aquatic predators. | back 5 D |
front 6 6) How many of the following are characteristics of at least some members of the phylum Cnidaria?
| back 6 D |
front 7 7) Which of the following is true of members of the phylum Cnidaria? A) They are not capable of locomotion because they lack true muscle tissue. B) They are primarily filter feeders. C) They have either, or both, of two body forms: mobile polyps and sessile medusae. D) They may use a gastrovascular cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton. E) They are the simplest organisms with a complete alimentary canal (two openings). | back 7 D |
front 8 8) The members of which clade in the phylum Cnidaria occur only as polyps? A) Hydrozoa B) Scyphozoa C) Anthozoa D) Cubozoa | back 8 C |
front 9 9) Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes "jellies" with rounded (as opposed to boxlike) medusae? A) Hydrozoa B) Scyphozoa C) Anthozoa D) Cubozoa | back 9 B |
front 10 10) Corals are most closely related to which group? A) jellies B) freshwater hydras C) sea anemones D) sponges E) barnacles | back 10 C |
front 11 11) Which characteristic(s) is (are) shared by both cnidarians and flatworms? A) dorsoventrally flattened bodies B) true muscle C) radial symmetry D) a digestive system with a single opening E) two of these | back 11 D |
front 12 12) The organ(s) of respiratory gas exchange in oligochaetes is (are) A) parapodia. B) gills. C) the skin. D) book lungs. E) pairs of hollow bristles. | back 12 C |
front 13 13) Against which hard structure do the circular and longitudinal muscles of annelids work? A) bristles B) cuticle C) shell D) endoskeleton E) hydrostatic skeleton | back 13 E |
front 14 14) The excretory organs of annelids are A) protonephridia. B) flame bulbs. C) metanephridia. D) skin gills. E) malpighian tubules. | back 14 C |
front 15 15) Planarians lack dedicated respiratory and circulatory systems because A) none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment. B) they lack mesoderm as embryos and, therefore, lack the adult tissues derived from mesoderm. C) their flame bulbs can carry out respiratory and circulatory functions. D) their body cavity, a pseudocoelom, carries out these functions. | back 15 A |
front 16 16) What would be the most effective method of reducing the incidence of blood flukes in a human population? A) reduce the mosquito population B) reduce the freshwater snail population C) purify all drinking water D) avoid contact with rodent droppings E) carefully wash all raw fruits and vegetables | back 16 B |
front 17 17) The larvae of many common tapeworm species that infect humans are usually found A) encysted in freshwater snails. B) encysted in the muscles of an animal, such as a cow or pig. C) crawling in the abdominal blood vessels of cows and pigs. D) crawling in the intestines of cows and pigs. | back 17 B |
front 18 18) While sampling marine plankton in a lab, a student encounters large numbers of fertilized eggs. The student rears some of the eggs in the laboratory for further study and finds that the blastopore becomes the mouth. The embryo develops into a trochophore larva and eventually has a true coelom. These eggs probably belonged to a(n) A) chordate. B) echinoderm. C) mollusc. D) nematode. E) arthropod. | back 18 C |
front 19 19) A brachiopod can be distinguished from a bivalve by the presence of A) two hinged shells. B) a digestive system with separate mouth and anus. C) a lophophore. D) suspension feeding. E) a distinct head. | back 19 C |
front 20 20) If a lung were to be found in a mollusc, where would it be located? A) mantle cavity B) coelom C) incurrent siphon D) visceral mass E) excurrent siphon | back 20 A |
front 21 21) Which mollusc clade includes members that undergo embryonic torsion? A) chitons B) bivalves C) gastropods D) cephalopods | back 21 C |
front 22 22) A terrestrial mollusc without a shell belongs to which clade? A) chitons B) bivalves C) gastropods D) cephalopods | back 22 C |
front 23 23) A radula is present in members of which clade(s)? A) chitons B) bivalves C) gastropods D) cephalopods E) both chitons and gastropods | back 23 E |
front 24 24) Which of the following is found only among annelids? A) a hydrostatic skeleton B) segmentation C) a clitellum D) a closed circulatory system E) a cuticle made of chitin | back 24 C |
front 25 25) Which of the following is a characteristic of nematodes? A) All species can be characterized as scavengers. B) They have only longitudinal muscles. C) They have a true coelom. D) They have a gastrovascular cavity. E) Many species are diploblastic. | back 25 B |
front 26 26) Humans most frequently acquire trichinosis by A) having sexual contact with an infected partner. B) eating undercooked pork. C) inhaling the eggs of worms. D) eating undercooked beef. E) being bitten by tsetse flies. | back 26 B |
front 27 27) How many of the following can be used to distinguish a nematode worm from an annelid worm?
| back 27 C |
front 28 28) Nematode worms and annelid worms share which of the following features? A) use of fluid in the body cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton B) ecdysis C) presence of a circulatory system D) presence of segmentation E) absence of species with parasitic lifestyles | back 28 A |
front 29 29) A student observes a wormlike organism crawling about on dead organic matter. Later, the organism sheds its outer covering. One possibility is that the organism is a larval insect (like a maggot). However, it might be a member of the phylum ________, and one way to distinguish between the two possibilities is by looking for ________. A) Platyhelminthes; a cuticle of chitin B) Nematoda; an alimentary canal C) Annelida; a body cavity D) Nematoda; a circulatory system E) Annelida; muscle in the body wall | back 29 D |
front 30 30) The heartworms that can accumulate within the hearts of dogs and other mammals have a pseudocoelom, an alimentary canal, and an outer covering that is occasionally shed. To which phylum does the heartworm belong? A) Platyhelminthes B) Arthropoda C) Nematoda D) Acoela E) Annelida | back 30 C |
front 31 31) Infection with which parasite might cause excessive elasticity in human skeletal muscles? A) trichinella worms B) tapeworms C) copepods D) blood flukes E) rotifers | back 31 A |
front 32 32) Which of the following are entirely, or partly, composed of calcium carbonate? A) spicules of siliceous sponges B) coral animals' exoskeletons C) molluscs' mantles D) insects' cuticles E) nematodes' cuticles | back 32 B |
front 33 33) How many of the following are characteristics of arthropods?
| back 33 C |
front 34 34) Among the invertebrate phyla, phylum Arthropoda is unique in possessing members that have A) a cuticle. B) a ventral nerve cord. C) open circulation. D) wings. E) segmented bodies. | back 34 D |
front 35 35) A shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of A) chelicerae. B) an open circulatory system. C) an exoskeleton. D) a cuticle. E) a cephalothorax. | back 35 A |
front 36 36) You find a small animal with eight legs crawling up your bedroom wall. Closer examination will probably reveal that this animal has A) simple, but not compound, eyes. B) two pairs of antennae. C) a head, thorax, and abdomen. D) tracheae and spiracles. E) more than one of these. | back 36 A |
front 37 37) What distinguishes complete metamorphosis from incomplete metamorphosis in insects? A) the presence of wings in the adult, but not in earlier life stages B) the presence of sex organs in the adult, but not in earlier life stages C) the radically different appearance between adults and earlier life stages D) Three of these responses are correct. E) Two of these responses are correct. | back 37 C |
front 38 38) A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature A) eight legs. B) two pairs of antennae. C) a sessile lifestyle. D) an open circulatory system. E) parapodia. | back 38 D |
front 39 39) The possession of two pairs of antennae is a characteristic of A) spiders. B) insects. C) centipedes. D) millipedes. E) crustaceans. | back 39 E |
front 40 40) One should expect to find the "9 + 2 pattern" of microtubules in association with the feeding apparatus of which of the following? A) annelids B) coral animals C) tapeworms D) sponges E) terrestrial insects | back 40 D |
front 41 41) Which of the following is a characteristic of adult echinoderms? A) bilateral symmetry B) spiral cleavage C) gastrovascular cavity D) exoskeleton E) lophophore | back 41 A |
front 42 42) Which of the following describe(s) echinoderms? A) They have an exoskeleton of hard calcareous plates. B) Tubefeet provide motility in most species. C) Digestion occurs completely outside of the organism. D) Hemolymph circulates in the water vascular system. E) They are found in both freshwater and saltwater environments. | back 42 B |
front 43 43) A stalked, sessile marine organism has several feathery feeding structures surrounding an opening through which food enters. The organism could potentially be a cnidarian, a lophophorate, a tube-dwelling worm, a crustacean, or an echinoderm. Which of the following traits, if found in this organism, would allow the greatest certainty of identification? A) the presence of what seems to be radial symmetry B) a hard covering made partly of calcium carbonate C) a digestive system with mouth and anus separate from each other D) a water vascular system E) a nervous system | back 43 D |
front 44 44) Which of the following animal groups is entirely aquatic? A) Mollusca B) Crustacea C) Echinodermata D) Nematoda E) Platyhelminthes | back 44 C |
front 45 45) In a tide pool, a student encounters an organism with a hard outer covering that contains much calcium carbonate, an open circulatory system, and gills. The organism could potentially be a crab, a shrimp, a barnacle, or a bivalve. The presence of which of the following structures would allow for the most certain identification of the organism? A) a mantle B) a heart C) a body cavity D) a filter-feeding apparatus E) eyes | back 45 A |
front 46 46) Which of the following is a diploblastic phylum of aquatic predators? A) Cnidaria B) Annelida C) Mollusca D) Arthropoda E) Echinodermata | back 46 A |
front 47 90) A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share A) a mantle. B) a radula. C) gills. D) embryonic torsion. E) distinct cephalization. | back 47 A |
front 48 91) Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body? A) Cnidaria B) Platyhelminthes C) Porifera D) Arthropoda E) Mollusca | back 48 D |
front 49 92) The water vascular system of echinoderms A) functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells. B) functions in locomotion and feeding. C) is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not bilaterally symmetrical. D) moves water through the animal's body during suspension feeding. E) is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms. | back 49 B |
front 50 93) Which of the following combinations of phylum and description is incorrect? A) Echinodermata–bilateral symmetry as a larva, coelom present B) Nematoda–roundworms, pseudocoelomate C) Cnidaria–radial symmetry, polyp and medusa body forms D) Platyhelminthes–flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, acoelomate E) Porifera–gastrovascular cavity, coelom present | back 50 E |