front 1 ) Which of the following accounts for someone who has had a
herpesvirus-mediated cold sore or genital sore getting flare-ups for
the rest of his or her life?
A) re-infection by a closely
related herpesvirus of a different strain
B) re-infection by the
same herpesvirus strain
C) co-infection with an unrelated virus
that causes the same symptoms
D) copies of the herpesvirus
genome permanently maintained in host nuclei
E) copies of the
herpesvirus genome permanently maintained in host cell cytop | |
front 2 In many ways, the regulation of the genes of a particular group of
viruses will be similar to the regulation of the host genes.
Therefore, which of the following would you expect of the genes of the
bacteriophage?
A) regulation via acetylation of histones
B) positive control mechanisms rather than negative
C)
control of more than one gene in an operon
D) reliance on
transcription activators
E) utilization of eukaryotic polymerases | |
front 3 Why do RNA viruses appear to have higher rates of mutation?
A)
RNA nucleotides are more unstable than DNA nucleotides.
B)
Replication of their genomes does not involve proofreading.
C)
RNA viruses replicate faster.
D) RNA viruses can incorporate a
variety of nonstandard bases.
E) RNA viruses are more sensitive
to mutagens. | |
front 4 You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing
disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is
a bacterium, virus, viroid, or prion. You have four methods at your
disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to
determine the nature of the infectious agent.
I. treating the substance with nucleases that destroy all
nucleic acids and then determining whether it is still infectious
II. filtering the substance to remove all elements smaller than
what can be easily seen under a light microscope
III. culturing
the substance by itself on nutritive medium, away from any plant cells
IV. treating the sample with proteases that digest all proteins
and then determining whether it is still infectious
37) Which treatment could definitively determine whether or not
the component is a viroid?
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) first II and then III | |
front 5 You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing
disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is
a bacterium, virus, viroid, or prion. You have four methods at your
disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to
determine the nature of the infectious agent.
I. treating the substance with nucleases that destroy all
nucleic acids and then determining whether it is still infectious
II. filtering the substance to remove all elements smaller than
what can be easily seen under a light microscope
III. culturing
the substance by itself on nutritive medium, away from any plant cells
IV. treating the sample with proteases that digest all proteins
and then determining whether it is still infectious
38) If you already knew that the infectious agent was either
bacterial or viral, which treatment would allow you to distinguish
between these two possibilities?
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) either II or IV | |
front 6 You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing
disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is
a bacterium, virus, viroid, or prion. You have four methods at your
disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to
determine the nature of the infectious agent.
I. treating the substance with nucleases that destroy all
nucleic acids and then determining whether it is still infectious
II. filtering the substance to remove all elements smaller than
what can be easily seen under a light microscope
III. culturing
the substance by itself on nutritive medium, away from any plant cells
IV. treating the sample with proteases that digest all proteins
and then determining whether it is still infectious
39) Which treatment would you use to determine if the agent is a
prion?
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) IV
only
E) either I or IV | |
front 7 43) Which of the following characteristics, structures, or processes
is common to both bacteria and viruses?
A) metabolism
B)
ribosomes
C) genetic material composed of nucleic acid
D)
cell division
E) independent existence | |
front 8 20) Antiviral drugs that have become useful are usually associated
with which of the following properties?
A) ability to remove all
viruses from the infected host
B) interference with viral
replication
C) prevention of the host from becoming infected
D) removal of viral proteins
E) removal of viral mRNAs | |
front 9 47) Mutations in which of the following genes lead to transformations
in the identity of entire body parts?
A) morphogens
B)
segmentation genes
C) egg-polarity genes
D) homeotic genes
E) inducers | |
front 10 Tumor-suppressor genes
A.
are frequently overexpressed in cancerous cells.
B.
are cancer-causing genes introduced into cells by
viruses.
C.
can encode proteins that promote DNA repair or cell-cell
adhesion.
D.
often encode proteins that stimulate the cell cycle.
E.
do all of these. | |
front 11 18) What are prions?
A) mobile segments of DNA
B) tiny
molecules of RNA that infect plants
C) viral DNA that has had to
attach itself to the host genome
D) misfolded versions of normal
brain protein
E) viruses that invade bacteria | |
front 12 19) Which of the following is the best predictor of how much damage a
virus causes?
A) ability of the infected cell to undergo normal
cell division
B) ability of the infected cell to carry on
translation
C) whether the infected cell produces viral protein
D) whether the viral mRNA can be transcribed
E) how much
toxin the virus produces | |
front 13 20) Antiviral drugs that have become useful are usually associated
with which of the following properties?
A) ability to remove all
viruses from the infected host
B) interference with viral
replication
C) prevention of the host from becoming infected
D) removal of viral proteins
E) removal of viral mRNAs | |
front 14 14) Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic
cycle?
A) Many bacterial cells containing viral DNA are
produced.
B) Viral DNA is incorporated into the host
genome.
C) The viral genome replicates without destroying the
host.
D) A large number of phages is released at a time.
E)
The virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations. | |
front 15 Why do RNA viruses appear to have higher rates of mutation?
A)
RNA nucleotides are more unstable than DNA nucleotides.
B)
Replication of their genomes does not involve the proofreading steps
of DNA replication.
C) RNA viruses replicate faster.
D) RNA
viruses can incorporate a variety of nonstandard bases.
E) RNA
viruses are more sensitive to mutagens. | |