front 1 Which plants were first to grow tall ? | back 1 ferns and other seedless vascular plants |
front 2 how far back to the fossils of forerunners of vascular plants date? | back 2 425 million years |
front 3 what are the derived traits of living vascular plants | back 3 dominant sporophytes, roots leaves and sporophyls |
front 4 List the two groups of seedless vascular plants | back 4 lycophytes monilophytes |
front 5 list plants included in phylum lycophyta | back 5 club mosses, spike mosses, quillworths |
front 6 list plants in phylum monilophyte | back 6 ferns, horsetails, whisk ferns and relatives |
front 7 do bryophytes form a clade? | back 7 no |
front 8 what were the ancient lineages of lycophytes like compared to today | back 8 small herbaceous plants and large teas today only small herbaceous plants |
front 9 when did the seedless vascular plants form the earliest forest what did these early forests contribute to | back 9 carboniferous period 385 million years ago global cooling, and eventually these forests turned to coal |
front 10 what does xylem and phoelm do ? | back 10 xylem includeds tracheids (tube shaped cells ) that carry water and minerals up the roots pholoem has cells arranged in tubes that distrubute sugars amino acids and other organic products |
front 11 What is the life cycle of the fern | back 11 meiosis- ( n) (spore dispersal- spore-young gametophyte -mature gametophyte w/ antheridium and archegonium) fertilization (2n) ( sperm enters egg, zygote - new sporophyte- mature sporophyte - sporangium ) |
front 12 name one milestone in evolution of plants | back 12 emergence of sporophylls modified leaves that bear sporangia structure varies in different plants ferns-clusters of sporangia called sori in many lycophytes and gymnosperms-cone like stuctures called strobilli |
front 13 Most seedless vascular plants are ... | back 13 homosporous , a 1 type of sporoganium which produces one type of spore which typically develops into a bisexual gametophyte |
front 14 Heterosporous | back 14 2 types of spores from megasporangium- megaspores-female gametophyte +microsporangium-microspores-male gametophyte |
front 15 Which of the following are the closest algal relatives of land plants? a)psilophytes b)charophytes c)chrysophytes d)bacillariophytes e)rhodophytes | back 15 b |
front 16 The relationship between a gametophyte and a sporophyte in a liverwort is like the relationship between a)a brother and a sister. b)a grandparent and a grandchild. c)an uncle and a nephew. d)a parent and a child. e)two cousins. | back 16 d |
front 17 Stomata are found in every group of land plants except the liverworts. If stomata evolved only once among the bryophytes, this is evidence that a)liverworts resemble the earliest-evolving plants. b)liverworts don’t need to exchange gases with the atmosphere. c)liverworts have lost the ability to make stomata. d)liverworts are able to fix nitrogen. e)gametophytes are more important in liverworts. | back 17 A |
front 18 Which plants have a sporophyte that is nutritionally dependent on the photosynthetic gametophyte? a)ferns b)mosses c)whisk ferns d)horsetails e)angiosperms | back 18 b |
front 19 If you could travel in a time machine to the period of Earth’s history when plants began to appear, you would see which plant evolve after the liverworts? a)mosses b)ferns c)hornworts d)horsetails e)lycophytes | back 19 a |
front 20 Which are the most closely related? a)ferns and horsetails b)mosses and ferns c)liverworts and hornworts d)lycophytes and liverworts e)All pairs are equally related. | back 20 a |