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44 notecards = 11 pages (4 cards per page)

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Chapter 1: Orientation of the Human Body (Exam 1)

front 1

What is the definition of Anatomy?

back 1

The study of the structure of the human body

front 2

What is the definition of Physiology?

back 2

Study of body function

front 3

What is microscopic anatomy?

back 3

  • Study of structures that can only be seen with a microscope

front 4

What is the order of hierarchy of structural organization?

back 4

  1. Chemical Level
  2. Cellular Level
  3. Tissue Level
  4. Organ Level
  5. Organ System Level
  6. Organismal Level

front 5

On which level are atoms the tiny building blocks of matter?

back 5

Chemical level

front 6

On which level are macromolecules the building blocks of structures?

back 6

Cellular level

front 7

Define Cells

back 7

  • It is the basic unit of life and all organisms are composed of cells
  • All cells come from pre-existing cells

front 8

Define Organ

back 8

A group of tissues that perform a common function or functions

front 9

Define Tissue

back 9

A group of cells that reform a common function or functions

front 10

What are the four types of tissue?

back 10

  1. Epithelial
  2. Connective
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous

front 11

What is organ system? Give examples

back 11

A group of organs that perform a common function or functions

  1. Respiratory System
  2. Nervous System
  3. Muscular System
  4. Digestive System

front 12

Describe Anatomical Position

back 12

  1. Person stands erect with feet flat on ground
  2. Toes pointing forward
  3. Eyes facing forward
  4. Palms face anteriorly with thumbs pointed away

front 13

What does the axial region consist of?

back 13

It is the main axis:

  1. Head
  2. Neck
  3. Trunk

front 14

The trunk consists of

back 14

  1. Thorax
  2. Abdomen
  3. Pelvis
  4. Perineum

front 15

The appendicular region consists of

back 15

Limbs or appendages

front 16

Describe superior in anatomical position

back 16

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body

Above

front 17

Describe inferior in anatomical postion

back 17

Away from the head if toward the lower part of a structure or the body;

Below

front 18

Describe medial in anatomical position

back 18

Toward or at the midline of the body

On the inner side of

front 19

Describe lateral in anatomical position

back 19

Away from the midline of the body

On the outer side of

front 20

Describe Proximal in anatomical position

back 20

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

front 21

Describe distal in anatomical position

back 21

Father from the origin of a body part or the option of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

front 22

Describe Anterior (ventral) in anatomical position

back 22

Toward or at the front of the body

In front of

front 23

Describe Posterior (dorsal) in anatomical position

back 23

Toward or at the back of the body;

Behind

front 24

Describe the midsagittal plane

back 24

On the midline of body a plane extends vertically and divides the body into left and right parts

front 25

Describe the frontal (coronal) plane

back 25

Extends vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

front 26

Describe the transverse plane

back 26

Runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

front 27

What are the two large cavities of the body?

back 27

  1. Dorsal Body Cavity
  2. Ventral Body Cavity

front 28

How is the dorsal body cavity subdivided?

back 28

  1. Cranial Cavity
  2. Vertebral Cavity

front 29

Cranial cavity encloses the ...

back 29

Brain

front 30

Vertebral cavity encloses the ...

back 30

Spinal cord

front 31

Ventral body cavity contains which organs?

back 31

Visceral organs

Lungs, heart, intestines and kidneys

front 32

What are the two main divisions of the ventral body cavity?

back 32

Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

front 33

What are the three parts of the thoracic cavity?

back 33

  1. Pleural Cavity
  2. Mediastinum
  3. Pericardial cavity

front 34

Pleural cavity contains the ...

back 34

Lungs

front 35

Mediastinum contains the ...

back 35

Heart and the other thoracic organs

front 36

The heart is surrounded by?

back 36

The pericardial cavity

front 37

What are the two parts of the abdominopelvic cavity?

back 37

Abdominal cavity

Pelvic cavity

front 38

What is the superior part of abdominopelvic cavity?

back 38

abdominal cavity

front 39

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

back 39

The liver, stomach, kidneys and organs

front 40

What is the inferior part of the abdominal cavity?

back 40

Pelvic cavity

front 41

What does the pelvic cavity contain?

back 41

The bladder, some reproductive organs and the rectum

front 42

Many organs in the abdominopelvic cavity are surrounded by?

back 42

Peritoneal cavity

front 43

What cavities are serous cavities?

back 43

  1. Pleural cavity
  2. Pericardial cavity
  3. Peritoneal cavity

front 44

What are serous cavities lined with?

back 44

Serous membrane (serosa)