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Chapter 19 - Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves

front 1

Sensory Portion (PNS)

back 1

Consist of nerve fibers the conduct impulses TOWARD the CNS.

front 2

Motor Arm (PNS)

back 2

Consists of nerve fibers that conduct impulses AWAY from the CNS.

front 3

Somatic Divison

back 3

Sometimes called the voluntary system.
Controls skeletal muscles.

front 4

Autonmic Nervous System

back 4

Efferent division of the peripheral nervous system that innervates cardiac and smooth muscles and glands; also called the involuntary or visceral motor system.

front 5

Sympathetic Nevous System

back 5

The division of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for activity or to cope with some stressor (danger, excitement, etc.); the fight, fright, and flight subdivision.

front 6

Parasympethetic Nervous System

back 6

The division of the autonomic nervous system that oversees digestion, elimination, and glandular function; the resting and digesting subdivision.

front 7

Cerebral Hemisperes

back 7

The most superior portion of the brain.
Consist of gyri and sulci.
Divided into left and right hemispheres the into lobes.

front 8

Gyri

back 8

An outward fold of the surface of the cerebral cortex.

front 9

Sulci

back 9

A furrow on the brain, less deep than a fissure.

front 10

Fissures

back 10

The deepest depressions or inward folds on the brain.

front 11

Longitudinal Fissure

back 11

Divide brain into left and right hemisperes.

front 12

Transverse Fissure

back 12

Seperates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe.

front 13

Central Sulcus

back 13

Divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe.

front 14

What is A?

back 14

Frontal Lobe

front 15

What is B?

back 15

Parietal Lobe

front 16

What is C?

back 16

Temporal Lobe

front 17

What is D?

back 17

Occipital Lobe

front 18

What is E?

back 18

Parieto-Occipital Sulcus

front 19

What is F?

back 19

Lateral Sulcus

front 20

What is G?

back 20

Transverse Sulcus

front 21

What is H?

back 21

Central Sulcuc

front 22

What is A?

back 22

Pineal body (gland)

front 23

What is B?

back 23

Hypothalamus

front 24

What is C?

back 24

Cerebellum

front 25

What is D?

back 25

Arbor Vita

front 26

What is E?

back 26

Medulla Oblongata

front 27

What is F?

back 27

Pons

front 28

What is G?

back 28

Thalamus

front 29

What is I?

back 29

Corpus Callosum

front 30

Diencephalon

back 30

That part of the forebrain between the cerebral hemispheres and the midbrain including the thalamus, the epithalamus, and the hypothalamus.

front 31

Olfactory Bulbs

back 31

Enlargements at the terminus of the olfactory nerve at the base of the brain just above the nasal cavities.

front 32

Octip Chiasma

back 32

The partial crossover of fibers of the optic nerves.

front 33

Thalamus

back 33

A mass of gray matter in the diencephalon of the brain.

front 34

Hypothalamas

back 34

Region of the diencephalon forming the floor of the third ventricle of the brain.

front 35

Pituitary Gland

back 35

Neuroendocrine gland located beneath the brain that serves a variety of functions including regulation of gonads, thyroid, adrenal cortex, lactation, and water balance.

front 36

Mammillary Gland

back 36

Along with the anterior and dorsomedial nuclei in the thalamus, are involved with the processing of recognition memory.

front 37

Epithalamus

back 37

Most dorsal portion of the diencephalon; forms the roof of the third ventricle with the pineal gland extending from its posterior border.

front 38

Pineal Body

back 38

A hormone-secreting part of the diencephalon of the brain thought to be involved in setting the biological clock and influencing reproductive function.

front 39

Choroid Plexus

back 39

A capillary knot that protrudes into a brain ventricle; involved in forming cerebrospinal fluid.

front 40

Corpus Callosum

back 40

A broad band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain.

front 41

Brain Stem

back 41

Collectively the midbrain, pons, and medulla of the brain.

front 42

Cerebral Peduncles

back 42

A bundle of myelinated neurons joining different parts of the brain.

front 43

Pons

back 43

the part of the brain stem connecting the medulla with the midbrain, providing linkage between upper and lower levels of the central nervous system.

front 44

Medulla Oblongota

back 44

Inferiormost part of the brain stem.

front 45

Superior Colliculi

back 45

Part of the copora quadrigemina

front 46

Inferior Colliculi

back 46

Part of the copora quadrigemina

front 47

Arbor Vitae

back 47

The arborescent appearance of the white matter in a vertical section of the cerebellum.

front 48

Meninges

back 48

Protective coverings of the central nervous system; from the most external to the most internal, the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

front 49

Dura Mater

back 49

Outermost and toughest of the three membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord.

front 50

Arachnoid Mater

back 50

The middle layer of the three meninges.

front 51

Pia Mater

back 51

Innermost layer of the meninges.

front 52

Cranial Nerves

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The 12 nerve pairs that arise from the brain.

front 53

Olfactory (I)

back 53

Function: Smell (purely sensory)

front 54

Optic (II)

back 54

Function: Sight (purely sensory)

front 55

Oculomotor (III)

back 55

Function: Visual Motor

front 56

Trochelear (IV)

back 56

Function: Visual Motor

front 57

Trigeminal (V)

back 57

Function: Major sensor of face

front 58

Adbucens (VI)

back 58

Function: Visual Motor

front 59

Facial (VII)

back 59

Function: Visual, lacrimal, salivary.

front 60

Vestibulochlear (VIII)

back 60

Function:Hearing (purely sensory)

front 61

Glassophyryngeal (IX)

back 61

Function: Throat and mouth

front 62

Vagus (X)

back 62

Function:Pharynx, larynx, and involuntary muslces

front 63

Accessory (XI)

back 63

Function: Motor

front 64

Hypoglossal (XII)

back 64

Function: Motor and tongue