front 1 What gland secretes epinephrine and sits on top of the kidneys? | back 1 Adrenal |
front 2 What causes the mental retardation for the condition Cretinism? | back 2 (lack of)Thyroid Hormone |
front 3 What gland makes the growth hormone? | back 3 Pituitary |
front 4 Hormones released from this gland include ADH and oxytocin? | back 4 Posterior Pituitary |
front 5 Melatonin, hormones by this gland, controls our diurnal (daily) cycle? | back 5 Pineal |
front 6 Which hormones are produced by parathyroid gland? | back 6 only PTH |
front 7 The adrenal cortex produces hormones... | back 7 aldosterone, cortisol, and androgens |
front 8 These hormones pass through the hypophyseal portal system to act on cells of the anterior pituitary gland? | back 8 Releasing and Inhibiting hormones |
front 9 This hormone stimulates the uterine contraction during birth and cause milk ejection in a lactating mother? | back 9 oxytocin |
front 10 The function of this hormone is to stimulate growth, particularly long bones and muscle | back 10 Growth hormone |
front 11 This adrenal cortex hormone is involved in the regulation of salt and water balance | back 11 aldosterone |
front 12 Hypersecretion of this hormone results in loss of calcium from bones, and softening and spontaneous fractures of the boness | back 12 PTH |
front 13 Hypersecretion of ______ results in increased urinary output and dehydration | back 13 ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) |
front 14 This gland produces calcitonin | back 14 Thyroid gland |
front 15 Gland located on cranial cavity and produces hormone melatonin | back 15 Pineal gland |
front 16 Glucagon | back 16 raises blood glucose |
front 17 This hormone is a major controller of blood calcium on a day-to-day basis | back 17 PTH |
front 18 Tropic hormones from the anterior pituitary include | back 18 LH FSH ACTH TSH |
front 19 Connected by a stalk called the infundibulum, this region of the brain is intimately associated with the pituitary gland and its hormones | back 19 Hypothalamus |
front 20 Axon potentials from hypothalamic neurons cause release of this hormone | back 20 Oxytocin |
front 21 Blood borne factors (ions, glucose, amino acids) cause release of all these hormones except _____ A. insulin B. calcitonin C. epinephrine D. PTH | back 21 epinephrine |
front 22 Diabetes insipidus, condition characterized by thirst and excessive urine output is caused by | back 22 hyposecretion of ADH |
front 23 Which cells of the pancreas produce insulin? | back 23 Beta cells |
front 24 Grave's disease, characterized by high metabolic rate, weight loss, irregular heart rate, and protrusion of eyeballs is caused by ____ | back 24 hypersecretion of TH |
front 25 GH and PRL are produced by these anterior pituitary cells ___ | back 25 Acidophil cells |
front 26 Hyposecretion of insulin, or deficiency of insulin receptors leads to | back 26 Diabetes Mellitus |
front 27 These hormones are produced in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. They help the body resist long-term stressors | back 27 Glucocorticoids |
front 28 In addition to endocrine glands, some organs whose functions are primarily nonendocrine also produce hormones. These endocrine tissues include ___ | back 28 Heart and kidneys |
front 29 Normally amount of plasma in whole blood is ____ than the amount of formed elements; plasma makes up approximately ___% of whole blood. | back 29 Greater; 55% |
front 30 What is true about blood typing? | back 30 AB contains antigens A and B |
front 31 Most accurate way to assess oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is probably to measure ___ | back 31 Hemoglobin content |
front 32 Hematocrit measures ___ | back 32 volume of RBC in a blood sample |
front 33 This formed element is essential for blood clotting | back 33 platelets |
front 34 Which white blood cells kill parasitic worms and play complex role in allergic responses and asthma? | back 34 Eosinophils |
front 35 Most abundant leukocytes (40-70%) of all white cells? | back 35 Neutrophils |
front 36 The total WBC count ranges from ___ to ___ /mm3 of blood | back 36 4,800 to 10,800 cells |
front 37 Granulocytes include ___ | back 37 neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils |
front 38 A normal RBC count ___ | back 38 4-6 million/mm3 of blood |
front 39 The most numerous blood cells are | back 39 RBCs |
front 40 This component of blood plasma includes molecules that are important for body defense, osmotic balance, and lipid transport | back 40 Plasma proteins |
front 41 Platelets are cell fragments of large multinucleate cells called ___ | back 41 Megakaryocytes |
front 42 Which of the following WBC are granulocytes? | back 42 basophils and neutrophils |
front 43 This is the largest WBC. It lacks cytoplasmic granules and had a kidney-shaped nucleus? | back 43 Monocyte |
front 44 You can recognize these WBC because they have a bilobed nucleus and red granules in the cytoplasm. | back 44 Eosinophil |
front 45 The final step in coagulation is the formation of ___ | back 45 Fibrin |
front 46 A person with type AB blood receives a transfusion of type O blood. Will there be a transfusion reaction? Why or why not? | back 46 No. The recipient has no antibodies to antigens A and B and therefore can receive blood from a type O donor |
front 47 A patient reports to the doctor that she bruises very easily, and when she cuts herself, she has a hard time stopping the bleeding. What test might a healthcare provider order to diagnose this problem? | back 47 Coagulation time |
front 48 Anti-B and anti-RH | back 48 B+ type blood |
front 49 A blood test reveals a large increase in the number of RBCs. One possible explanation may be is ____ | back 49 Polycythmia |
front 50 A person who has symptoms of paleness and chronic fatigue is suspected of having anemia. To investigate further, it would be helpful to measure ___ | back 50 Hematocrit |
front 51 Leukopenia ___ | back 51 may indicate a disease such as cirrhoses of the liver or tuberculosis |
front 52 A person with B- blood receives O+ blood. This is the person's very first transfusion. Will there be a reaction? Why or why not? | back 52 No. The recipient has not antibodies to RH factor because this is the first transfusion. |
front 53 The heart is located in a subdivision of the thorax called the ____ | back 53 Mediastinum |
front 54 The pericardial sac that encloses the heart is a 2-layered structure. The outer layer is called the ___ | back 54 fibrous pericardium |
front 55 The portion of the pericardium that covers the heart wall is called the ___ | back 55 visceral layer (epicardium) |
front 56 How many chambers make up the human heart? | back 56 4 |
front 57 The major pumping chambers of the heart are ____ | back 57 both ventricles |
front 58 The shapes and the thickness of the walls of the right ventricle compared to the left are ___ | back 58 different; L ventricle is egg-shaped (round in the cross section) with thicker walls |
front 59 The mitral vlave is located between the | back 59 left atrium and left ventricle |
front 60 What is true of the semilunar valves? | back 60 They lie between ventricles and the large arteries that leave the ventricles on each side of the heart |
front 61 What is true about heart valves? | back 61 They enforce a one-way blood flow through the heart, operate passively (no active contraction required), and separate atria from ventricles, and ventricles from the large arteries that leave them. |
front 62 Which side of the heart receives blood from the body and and pumps it to the lungs | back 62 Right |
front 63 Pulmonary veins carry ____ blood to the _____ | back 63 oxygenated; left atrium |
front 64 The pulmonary trunk and arteries are color-coded ____ on models and in pictures because they carry ____ blood | back 64 blue; oxygen-poor |
front 65 Select the sequence that correctly describes blood through the heart | back 65 left atrium to left ventricle to body |
front 66 In the coronary circulation, oygen-rich blood is provided to the heart muscle by the ___ | back 66 right and left coronary arteries |
front 67 Cardiac muscle tissue ____ | back 67 is striated, like skeletal muscle tissue |
front 68 the largest artery in the body, the aorta, leaves the heart from the ____ | back 68 left ventricle |
front 69 Blood arriveing in the right atrium has just come from the ____ | back 69 venae cavae and coronary sinus |
front 70 Blood has just been discharged into the pulmonary trunk: from which did it exit? | back 70 right ventricle |
front 71 The atrioventricular (AV) heart valves open and close ______ | back 71 passively, depending on the pressure of the blood in the atria and ventricles |
front 72 The heart is called a double pump because ____ | back 72 it is two separate side-by-side pumps serving different circulations |
front 73 These vessels carry oxygen-rich blood | back 73 aorta and pulmonary veins |
front 74 What is the name of the circuit that supplies blood to the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tract? | back 74 systemic circulation |
front 75 Which artery supplies the anterior ventricular walls and laterodorsal part of the left side of the heart? | back 75 left coronary artery |
front 76 Which of the veins listed here drains directly into the right atrium? | back 76 Great cardiac vein |
front 77 The intercalated discs in cardiac muscle tissue ____ | back 77 mark the junction between the 2 cardiac cells |
front 78 This structure is a remnant of a fetal vessel that connected the pulmonary trunk and the aorta | back 78 ligamentum arteriosum |
front 79 ________ is/are found in the ventricles, and attach the flaps of the AV valves to papillary muscle | back 79 chordae tendinae |
front 80 The _____ is/are a bundle of cardiac muscle fibers connecting the interventricular septum to anterior papillary muscles | back 80 moderator band |
front 81 Arteries and veins are constructed of ____ tunics | back 81 3 |
front 82 The tunica media consists of ___ | back 82 smooth muscle and elastic fibers |
front 83 The ___ artery carries blood from the subclavian to the brachial artery | back 83 axillary |
front 84 In correct sequence from superior to inferior, the three single arteries that arise from the abdominal aorta are ___ | back 84 celia trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery |
front 85 The function of tunica externa is to _____ | back 85 support and protect the vessel |
front 86 Two pairs of arteries supply the brain. They are ___ | back 86 internal carotids and vertebral arteries |
front 87 What is not true about the cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)? | back 87 Surrounds the brainstem |
front 88 The sublcavian artery that arises directly from the aorta supplies the ____ | back 88 left upper extremity and neck |
front 89 Bronchial arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the lungs and bronchi arise from the _____ | back 89 thoracic aorta |
front 90 The superior mesenteric artery supplies the ___ | back 90 stomach and small intestine |
front 91 Which of the following vessels does not belong to the hepatic portal circulation? | back 91 Gastroepiploic vein |
front 92 The aorta terminates when it divides into the ____ | back 92 common iliac arteries |
front 93 These veins drain your brain | back 93 internal jugular veins |
front 94 The ____ is a small vessel connecting the pulmonary trunk to the aorta in fetal circulation. | back 94 ductus arteriosus |
front 95 The right gastric artery branches off of the ____ | back 95 common hepatic artery |
front 96 The external iliac vein_____ | back 96 receives venous blood from lower extremities |
front 97 The longest vein in the body, this superficial vein is located on the medial side of the lower limb | back 97 great saphenous |
front 98 The ___ carry oxygen-rich blood between the lungs and the heart. | back 98 pulmonary veins |
front 99 blood vessels that absorb strong pressure pulses contain more of this type of tissue | back 99 smooth muscle and elastic |
front 100 In a microscopic field showing an artery and its corresponding vein, you can easily distinguish the 2 because ___ | back 100 veins have thinner walls and are irregular in shape |
front 101 This tunic is much thicker in a muscular artery than in its corresponding vein. | back 101 tunica media |
front 102 These thin-walled vessels are the only ones through which exchanges between the cells and the blood. | back 102 capillaries |
front 103 There are 2 brachiocephalic veins and ___ brachiocephalic artery (arteries) | back 103 1 |
front 104 These veins drain the thigh ___ | back 104 femoral |
front 105 This vein is the upper limb is often the site from which the blood is drawn. | back 105 median cubital |
front 106 Arteries that supply the intestines arise from the aorta. veins that drain the intestines | back 106 ultimately drain into the hepatic portal vein |
front 107 Having venous blood from the intestines flow through the liver before entering the systemic circulation has the following advantages: | back 107 The liver can process products of digestion before blood circulates the whole body |
front 108 the ____ vein runs between the cephalic and basilic veins on the anterior aspects of the elbow | back 108 median cubital |
front 109 in the fetus, which blood vessel(s) carries CO2 and metabolic wastes from the fetus to the placenta | back 109 umbilical vein |