front 1 Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy is that only animals derive their nutrition by A) ingesting it. B) consuming living, rather than dead, prey. C) preying on animals. D) using enzymes to digest their food. | back 1 A |
front 2 Which of the following is (are) unique to animals? A) the structural carbohydrate, chitin B) heterotrophy C) flagellated gametes D) nervous conduction and muscular movement E) cells that have mitochondria | back 2 D |
front 3 What do animals as diverse as corals and monkeys have in common? A) degree of cephalization B) number of embryonic tissue layers C) presence of Hox genes D) body cavity between body wall and digestive system E) type of body symmetry | back 3 C |
front 4 The earliest ancestors of about half of all extant animal phyla can be traced back to the _____ explosion. A) Carboniferous B) Jurassic C) Devonian D) Pleistocene E) Cambrian | back 4 E |
front 5 The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a A) flagellated protist. B) multicellular fungus. C) unicellular yeast. D) multicellular algae. E) unicellular chytrid. | back 5 A |
front 6 Which of the following is radially symmetrical? A) a spoon B) an automobile C) a doughnut D) a dog E) a submarine sandwich | back 6 C |
front 7 Which of the following animals does NOT have a body cavity? A) nematode B) mouse C) flatworm D) clam E) earthworm | back 7 C |
front 8 At which developmental stage should one be able to first distinguish a diploblastic embryo from a triploblastic embryo? A) metamorphosis B) gastrulation C) coelom formation D) cleavage E) fertilization | back 8 B |
front 9 At which developmental stage should one be able to first distinguish a protostome embryo from a deuterostome embryo? A) cleavage B) fertilization C) gastrulation D) metamorphosis E) coelom formation | back 9 A |
front 10 What distinguishes a coelomate animal from a pseudocoelomate animal is that coelomates A) contain tissues derived from mesoderm, whereas pseudocoelomates have no such tissue. B) have a body cavity completely lined by mesodermal tissue, whereas pseudocoelomates do not. C) have a complete digestive system with mouth and anus, whereas pseudocoelomates have a digestive tract with only one opening. D) have a body cavity, whereas pseudocoelomates have a solid body. E) have a gut that lacks suspension within the body cavity, whereas pseudocoelomates have mesenteries that hold the digestive system in place. | back 10 B |
front 11 Which of the following is descriptive of protostomes? A) spiral and indeterminate cleavage, blastopore becomes mouth B) radial and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes mouth C) radial and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes anus D) spiral and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes mouth E) spiral and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes anus | back 11 D |
front 12 The most recently discovered phylum in the animal kingdom (1995) is
the phylum Cycliophora. It includes three species of tiny organisms
that live in large numbers on the outsides of the mouthparts and
appendages of lobsters. The feeding stage permanently attaches to the
lobster via an adhesive disk, and collects scraps of food from its
host's feeding by capturing the scraps in a current created by a ring
of cilia. The body is sac-like and has a U-shaped intestine that
brings the anus close to the mouth. Cycliophorans are eucoelomate, do
not molt (though their host does), and their embryos undergo spiral cleavage. A) mesoderm B) mesohyl C) ectoderm D) mesoglea E) endoderm | back 12 E) Endoderm |
front 13 Which of the following statements is correct? A) Eumetazoans have three embryonic tissue layers. B) Sponges are diploblastic animals. C) Most animal phyla belong to the clade Radiata. D) All animals share a common ancestor. E) The origin of all extant animal phyla can be traced to the Cambrian explosion. | back 13 D |
front 14 Acoelomates are characterized by A) deuterostome development. B) the absence of a brain. C) the absence of mesoderm. D) a coelom that is not completely lined with mesoderm. E) a solid body without a cavity surrounding internal organs. | back 14 E |
front 15 Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy is that most animals derive their nutrition by _____. A) ingesting it B) using enzymes to digest their food C) preying on animals D) consuming living, rather than dead, prey | back 15 A |
front 16 What do animals ranging from corals to monkeys have in common? A) presence of Hox genes B) number of embryonic tissue layers C) a mouth and an anus D) type of body symmetry | back 16 A |
front 17 Part A -Identifying body symmetryWhich type of symmetry does each of the following animals display?Drag each picture to the appropriate bin.
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front 18 Germ layers, tissues, and body cavitiesAnimal tissues develop from embryonic germ layers. Triploblastic animals have three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) and three basic body plans related to body cavities (acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, and coelomate).Select the three statements that are true. A) An acoelomate triploblast has no endoderm. B) A pseudocoelom has the same functions as a true coelom. C) In a coelomate, the tissue lining the inner side of the body cavity arises from the same germ layer as the tissue lining the outer side of the body cavity. D) In a coelomate, the tissue lining the inner side of the body cavity arises from the same germ layer as the lining of the digestive tract. E) In a pseudocoelomate, the tissue lining the inner side of the body cavity arises from the same germ layer as the muscles. F) The digestive tract of a coelomate functions as a coelom. G) A diploblast has no mesoderm. | back 18 B, C, G |
front 19 Differences in development between protostomes and deuterostomesMany animals can be categorized as either protostomes and deuterostomes based on certain features of their embryonic development. Determine whether each of the following terms applies to only protostomes, only deuterostomes, both protostomes and deuterostomes, or neither.Drag each item to the appropriate bin.
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front 20 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all animals? A) They have tissues, organs, and organ systems. B) They ingest their food. C) They are heterotrophic. D) They are eukaryotes. E) They are all multicellular. | back 20 A |
front 21 While looking at some seawater through your microscope, you spot the egg of an unknown animal. Which of the following tests could you use to determine whether the developing organism is a protostome or a deuterostome? See whether the embryo _____. A) exhibits spiral cleavage or radial cleavage B0 develops germ layers C) develops a blastopore D) develops an archenteron | back 21 A |
front 22 What do all deuterostomes have in common? A) Adults are bilaterally symmetrical. B) The pore (blastopore) formed during gastrulation becomes the anus. C) Embryos have pharyngeal pouches that may or may not form gill slits. D) All have a spinal column. | back 22 B |
front 23 An organism that exhibits cephalization probably also _____. A) is bilaterally symmetrical B) has a coelom C) is segmented D) is diploblastic | back 23 A |
front 24 Why might researchers choose to use molecular data (such as ribosomal RNA sequences) rather than morphological data to study the evolutionary history of animals? A) Morphological changes usually do not result from molecular changes. B) Sequence data can be gathered faster than morphological data, and morphological data provides a different perspective. C) Molecular data can be gathered in the lab, while morphological data must be gathered in the field. D) Some phyla vary too widely in morphological characteristics to be classified accurately. | back 24 D |