front 1 Where does meiosis occur in flowering plants? | back 1 megasporocyte and microsporoctye |
front 2 The embryo of a grass seed is enclosed by two protective sheaths, a(n) _____, which covers the young shoot, and a(n) ____, which covers the young root | back 2 coleoptile; coleorhiza |
front 3 For this pair of items: choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the number of cells within the embryo sac B) the number of nuclei within the embryo sac | back 3 Item A is less than item B |
front 4 Carpellate flowers | back 4 develop into fruits |
front 5 The development of Bt crops raises concerns because | back 5 if genes for Bt toxin "escape" to related weed species, the hybrid weeds could have harmful ecological effects |
front 6 A fruit includes | back 6 one or more seeds and the ovary wall |
front 7 A seed develops into | back 7 an ovule |
front 8 Which of the following events suggests there is a change in the egg cell membrane after penetration by a sperm? | back 8 CA2+ builds up in the cytoplasm of the egg |
front 9 Which of the following is the correct sequence during the alternation of generations life cycle in a flowering plant? | back 9 sporophtye - meiosis - gameophyte - gametes - fertilization - diploid zygote |
front 10 Biofuels are mainly produced by | back 10 the breakdown of cell wall bipolymers into sugars that can be fermented |
front 11 Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower | back 11 sepals - petals - stamens - carpels |
front 12 Garden beans and many other eudicots have hypocotyls hook during germination. Which of the following is a false statement concerning the hypocotyl hook? | back 12 it is the first structure to emerge from a eudicot seed |
front 13 What is the function of the integument of an ovule? | back 13 form a seed coat |
front 14 Sources of genetic variability in an asexually propagated species may involve all of the following processes except | back 14 hypbridization |
front 15 Which of the following statements about fruits is false? | back 15 fruits form from microsporangia and integuments |
front 16 In which of the following pairs are the two terms equivalent? | back 16 embryo sac - female gametophyte |
front 17 At the conclusion of meiosis in plants the end products are always four haploid | back 17 spores |
front 18 For this pair of items: choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the amount of fumonisin in processed maize products B) the amount of fumonisin in processed Bt maize products | back 18 Item A is less than item B |
front 19 Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in a pollen sac? | back 19 microsporocyte - meiosis - microspores - mitosis - two haploid cells per pollen grain |
front 20 Which of the following statements regarding the endosperm is false? | back 20 it develops from the fertilized egg |
front 21 A perfect flower is fertile, but may be either complete or incomplete. Which of the following correctly describes a perfect flower? | back 21 it has both stamens and carpels |
front 22 A disadvantage of monoculture is that | back 22 genetic uniformity makes a crop vulnerable to a new pest or disease |
front 23 All of the following are primary functions of flowers except | back 23 photosynthesis |
front 24 All of the following are commercial uses of transgenic crops except | back 24 the embryo consists of diploid cells derived from fertilization of a haploid egg by a haploid sperm |
front 25 All of the following could be considered advantages of asexual reproduction in plants except | back 25 adaptation to charge |
front 26 "Golden Rice" is a trangenic variety that | back 26 contains daffodil genes that increase vitamin A content |
front 27 Which of the following statements is correct about protoplast fusion? | back 27 it can be used to form new plant species |
front 28 Regardless of where in the world a vineyard is located, in order for the winery to produce a Burgundy, it must use varietal grapes that originated in Burgundy, France. The most effective way for a new California grower to plant a vineyard to produce Burgundy is to | back 28 craft varietal Burgundy plants from France |
front 29 Based on studies of plant evolution, which flower part is not a modified leaf? | back 29 receptacle |
front 30 Currently available transgenic plants have been modified for all of the following traits except | back 30 nitrogen fixation |
front 31 Where and by which process are sperm cells formed in plants? | back 31 mitosis in male gemetophyte pollen tube |
front 32 What is the first step in the germination of a seed? | back 32 imbibition of water |
front 33 For this pair of items: choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the pliody of the angiosperm seed endosperm B) the pliody of the angiosperm seed | back 33 Item A is greater than item B |
front 34 All of the following are commercial uses for transgenic crops except | back 34 producing plants that contain genes for making human insulin |
front 35 For this pair of items: choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the GABA levels in pop2 mutant Arabidopsis flowers B) the GABA levels in wild-type mutant Arabidopsis flowers | back 35 Item A is greater than item B |
front 36 As flowers develop, which transition does not occur? | back 36 the tube nucleus becomes a sperm nucleus |
front 37 Which of these is incorrectly paired with its life-cycle generation? | back 37 anther - gameotophyte |
front 38 Which of the following is not an advantage of an extended gametophyte generation in plants? | back 38 endosperm forms a protective seed coat |
front 39 Genetic incompatibility does not affect the | back 39 attraction of a suitable insect pollinator |
front 40 Which of the following is a true statement about clonal reproduction in plants? | back 40 making cuttings of ornamental plants is a form of fragmentation |
front 41 Which of the following is not a scientific concern relating to creating genetically modified crops? | back 41 the monetary costs of growing genetically modified plants are significantly greater than traditional breeding techniques |
front 42 Which of the following would be considered to be a multiple fruit? | back 42 pineapple |
front 43 Three mitotic divisions within the female gametophyte of the megaspore produce | back 43 three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg, and two synergids |
front 44 Which of the following are true of most angiosperms? | back 44 a triploid endosperm within the seed and an ovary that becomes a fruit |
front 45 Plant biotechnologists use protoplast fusion mainly | back 45 produce new hybrid species |
front 46 What is technically the result of double fertilization in an angiosperms? | back 46 both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed |
front 47 Location of the microsporangia | back 47 stamen |
front 48 The male wasp Campsocoliat ciliata transfers pollen from one orchid to another orchid of the same species. What "reward" does the male wasp receive from the orchid plants for helping with the orchid pollination? | back 48 there is no reward; the male wasp is deceived by the flower shape and odor |
front 49 Which of the following statements regarding flowering plants is false? | back 49 female gametophytes develop from megaspores within the anthers |
front 50 Under which conditions would asexual plants have the greatest advantage over sexual plants? | back 50 relatively constant environment with infrequent disturbances |
front 51 Which of the following is true in plants? | back 51 mitosis occurs in gametophytes to produce gametes, the gametophyte is within the flower in angiosperms, and meiosis occurs in sporophytes to produce spores |
front 52 In flowering plants, pollen is released from the | back 52 anther |
front 53 For this pair of items: choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the percentage of dandelion plants that produce seeds by apomixis B) the percentage of creosote bushes that produce seeds by apomixis | back 53 Item A is greater than item B |
front 54 A fruit is a(an) | back 54 mature ovary |
front 55 In the life cycle of angiosperm, which of the following stages is diploid? | back 55 microsporocyte |
front 56 Which of the following is a correct sequence of processes that takes place when a flowering plant reproduces? | back 56 meiosis - pollination - nuclear fusion - formation of embryo and endosperm |
front 57 Some dioecious species have XY genotype for male and XX for female. After double fertilization, what would be the genotypes of the endosperm nuclei and embryos? | back 57 embryo XX and endosperm XXX or embryo XY and endosperm XXY |
front 58 In flowering plants, a mature male gametophyte contains | back 58 two sperm nuclei and one tube cell nucleus |
front 59 All of the following floral parts are directly involved in pollination or fertilization except the | back 59 sepals |
front 60 Which of the following types of plants is not able to self-pollinate? | back 60 dioecious |
front 61 Which of the following occurs in an angiosperm ovule? | back 61 a megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis |
front 62 Which of the following is the male gametophyte of a flowering plant? | back 62 pollen grain |
front 63 Which of the following is true about vegetative reproduction? | back 63 it produces clones |
front 64 What is the first organ to emerge from a germinating eduicot seed? | back 64 radicle |
front 65 Fruits develop from | back 65 ovaries |
front 66 Double fertilization means that | back 66 one sperm is needed to fertilize the egg, and a second sperm is needed to fertilize the polar nuclei |
front 67 Which of the following "vegetables" is botanically a fruit? | back 67 green beans |
front 68 Location of the ovary | back 68 carpel |
front 69 What is the difference between pollination and fertilization in flowering plants? | back 69 pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma. fertilization is the fusion from a haploid nuclei |
front 70 The basal cell formed from the first division of a plant zygote will eventually develop into | back 70 the suspensor that anchors the embryo and transfers nutrients |
front 71 What effects would occur in a mutant of Arabidopsis that cannot synthesize GABA within its flowers? | back 71 pollen tube growth would not be directed toward the egg, and fertilization would not occur |
front 72 A plant that has small, green petals is most likely to be | back 72 wind-pollinated |
front 73 Which of the following statements is true of protoplast fusion? | back 73 it can be used to form new plant varieties by combining genomes from two plants |
front 74 Recent research has shown that pollination requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility, the system requires | back 74 the rejection of self cells |
front 75 In angiosperm seed development what does the terminal cell become? | back 75 proembryo |
front 76 Which of the following statements is correct about the basal cell in a zygote? | back 76 it forms the suspensor that anchors the embryo |
front 77 All of the following strategies pursued with the goal of preventing transgene escape from genetically modified crops except | back 77 hybridize transgenic crop genes with related wild weeds |
front 78 Meiosis occurs within all of the following flower parts except the | back 78 style |
front 79 In plants, which of the following could be an advantage of sexual reproduction as opposed to sexual reproductive? | back 79 genetic variation |
front 80 You are studying a plant from the Amazon that shows strong self-incompatibility. To characterize this reproductive mechanism, you would look for | back 80 ribonuclease (RNAase) activity in stigma cells |
front 81 In some angiosperms, other floral parts contribute to what is commonly called the fruit. Which of the following fruits is derived mostly from an enlarged receptacle? | back 81 apple |
front 82 The most immediate potential benefits of introducing genetically modified crops include | back 82 increasing crop yeild |