front 1 *In modern terminology, Mendel's heredity "factors" that
were transmitted from parents to offspring are called | back 1 *gene |
front 2 *The Principle of ________ states that the 2 alleles of a gene
separate from one another during gamete formation and remain distinct.
| back 2 *segregation |
front 3 *Mendel used the ______ to determine whether an individual with the
dominant phenotype was of homozygous or heterozygous genotype for that
trait. | back 3 *testcross |
front 4 *In a heterozygous individual, the allele being expressed is | back 4 *dominant |
front 5 *The allelic make up (gene arrangement) of a cell or individual is
referred to as its | back 5 *genotype |
front 6 *A cross where we follow the inheritance of 2 pairs of alleles is
called | back 6 *dihybrid |
front 7 *Let R = red pigment and r = no pigment(white). In carnations, RR
offspring make a lot of red pigment, rr offspring make no
pigment(white) and Rr offspring make a small amount of red pigment,
thus appearing pink. Pink carnations are therefore an example of
| back 7 *incomplete dominance |
front 8 * In humans, if non-disjunction led to an individual with a genotype
of XO, that person would | back 8 *a. be female because they do not have a Y chromosome |
front 9 *In humans, if non-disjunction led to an individual with a genotype
of XXY, that person would | back 9 *be male because they have a Y chromosome. |
front 10 *Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t =
dwarf. What are the genotypes of the gametes that could be produced by
a plant that is heterozygous for both traits (PpTt)? | back 10 *PT, Pt, pT, and pt |
front 11 *Traits that are controlled by genes located on the X chromosome are
said to be ________________. | back 11 *c. sex-linked |
front 12 The first detailed and quantitative studies on inheritance were
carried out by an austrian monk named | back 12 mendel |
front 13 Mendel used the garden _____ plant for his studies on inheritance
| back 13 pea |
front 14 The phenotypic ratio for the F1 generation that results from a
testcross between a homozygous individual and a heterozygous
individual is | back 14 1:1 |
front 15 In modern terminology, mendel's hereditary "factors" are
called | back 15 gene |
front 16 alternate forms of the same gene are called | back 16 alleles |
front 17 A diploid organism that has two identical alleles for a given trait
is called ___ for that trait | back 17 homozygous |
front 18 An allele for a particular trait that is only expressed in the
presence of a second copy of the same allele is called | back 18 recessive |
front 19 During his experiments with pea plants, mendel refereed to the trait
that was expressed in the F1 or first filial generation as | back 19 dominant |
front 20 In mendel's experiments on seed color in pea plants, when a dominant
yellow seed-bearing plant was crossed with a recessive green
seed-bearing plant, what was the approximate phenotypic ratio among
the F2 generation | back 20 c. 3 yellow: 1 green |
front 21 Individual that have 2 alleles for most gene loci are best described
as | back 21 diploid |
front 22 If fertilization involves two gametes that contain different alleles
of a given gene, the resulting offspring is | back 22 c. heterozygous |
front 23 In a heterozygous individual, the allele being expressed is | back 23 dominant |
front 24 An allele that is present but unexpressed is | back 24 recessive |
front 25 The allelic make up of a cell or individual is referred to as
| back 25 genotype |
front 26 The observable outward manifestation of the genes of an individual is
referred to as its | back 26 phenotype |
front 27 What type of cross is used to determine if an individual with the
dominant form of a trait is homozygous or heterozygous | back 27 test cross |
front 28 A cross where we follow the inheritance of 2 pairs of alleles is
called | back 28 dihybrid |
front 29 Let P=purple flowers and p=white, and T=tall plants and t=dwarf. If
the upper case letters represent the dominant alleles, what is the
phenotype of a plant with the genotype PpTt? | back 29 purple flowers,tall |
front 30 Let P=purple flowers and p=white, and T=tall plants and t=dwarf. What
are the genotypes of the gametes that could be produced by a plant
that is heterozygous for both traits | back 30 PT, Pt, pT, and pt |
front 31 Let P=purple flowers and p=white, and T=tall plants and t=dwarf. Of
the 16 possible gamete combinations in the dihybrid cross between 2
double heterozygotes, how many would produce the phenotype white,
tall? | back 31 3 |
front 32 Mendel's principle of independent assortment states that different
pairs of | back 32 d. alleles segregate independently of each other |
front 33 The independent assortment of allele pairs is due to | back 33 the independent segregation of homologous chromosome pairs during anaphase I |
front 34 If a single gene has 3 or more alternative forms, this is called
| back 34 b. multiple alleles |
front 35 Sometimes, one gene pair will interfere with the expression of a
second gene pair in an interaction called | back 35 e. heterozygous purple pea plant and heterozygous purple pea plant |
front 36 Height is a trait that shows continuous variation in humans. In pea
plants, onn the other hand, the tall allele is dominant over the short
allele and there are no intermediate heights. What is the best
explanation for this difference | back 36 d. height is a polygenic trait in humans |
front 37 An extensive study was conducted on identical twins who were
seperated at birth. Among other things, the study showed that the
individual from each pair who received better nutrition during
childhood tended to score higher on standardized intelligence tests.
this can best be described as an example of how | back 37 b. environment alters phenotype |
front 38 Irene knows her body type is A, but William does not know his blood
type. However, William knows that his mother and father both had blood
type B. Irene and William's first child is a boy with type O blood.
Based on this info, William's blood type could be | back 38 either b or o |
front 39 A person who has lost a large amount of blood but is still alive is
found in a wrecked automobile under a highway bridge. Several people
are helping the paramedics load the victim into the ambulance. After
the ambulance has departed for the hospital, you overhear the
following conversation from the persons who helped the paramedics.
" I am certain when that guys gets to the hospital, they will
transfuse him with any blood that they have in the blood bank since he
has lost so much blood" the other person says " Yeah i bet
you're right"! having has a biology course, you know which blood
could be safely given to anyone. Select it below | back 39 o |
front 40 A diploid individual carrying two identical alleles at a given gene
locus is called | back 40 homozygous |
front 41 If 2 people with sickle-cell trait have a child who has sickle-cell disease, what is the probability that their next child will have sickle-cell disease | back 41 1/4 |
front 42 Punnett square | back 42 predict the genotypic ratio among the offspring |
front 43 Let Y = yellow and y = green, and R = round and r = wrinkled. You cross YYRR peas with yyrr peas. All of the F1 individuals are yellow and round with a genotype of YyRr. You then perform an F2 cross and get the expected 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio. What proportion of the F2 plants are expected to be heterozygous for both traits | back 43 1/4 |
front 44 In white tigers, the absence of fur pigmentation is caused by a recessive allele. This allele also causes the tigers to be cross-eyed. If two tigers heterozygous for this allele mate, what do you expect to see among the offspring | back 44 1/4 will be both white and cross-eyed |
front 45 A male fruit fly has the genotype PpYYrrTt. In terms of these 4 allele pairs, how many different types of gametes can he form | back 45 4 |
front 46 ABO blood group determination is an example of | back 46 multiple alleles |
front 47 A cell biologist is conducting a karyotype procedure on alligator red
blood cells. Exactly what does this mean? | back 47 c. It means that chromosomes from the red blood cells of the alligator will be examined with a microscope, photographed, counted, lined up with their respective homologous partner, and displayed. |
front 48 In humans the diploid number of chromosomes is 46. The haploid number
is 23. Prior to mitosis in the cell cycle, the cell is in the G2
phase. Which of the statements is true? | back 48 b. The homologous chromosomes have all been copied through DNA replication and are now sister chromatids. |
front 49 Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t =
dwarf. Of the 16 possible gamete combinations in the dihybrid cross,
how many would be the phenotype white, tall? | back 49 3 |
front 50 One of the main reasons genes assort independent of one another is
that | back 50 they are on different chromosomes |
front 51 A single gene has 3 or more alternative forms. These are called
| back 51 multiple alleles |
front 52 Sometimes one gene pair will interact so as to control the expression
of a second gene pair in an interaction called | back 52 epistasis |
front 53 Height and eye colors are two examples of continuous variation in
humans. Whereas in pea plants the tall allele is dominant over the
short allele, there are no intermediate heights in peas. Which of the
following is the best explanation for the differences described above?
| back 53 d. Many genes, rather than one gene for a characteristic, control some variations in species. |
front 54 How many different types of gametes can be formed by plants with a
genotype of PpYYrrTt? | back 54 4 |
front 55 A secretor is a person who secretes their blood type antigens into body fluids and secretions such as saliva. By comparison, a non-secretor does not. A person's status as a secretor or non-secretor is independent of blood type. Consider the following inheritance pattern of this trait: secretor x secretor all offspring are secretors Raven - 012 Chapter... The genotypic ratio produced in the F2 generation is | back 55 1:2:1 |
front 56 You can use a Punnet square to do all of the following except
| back 56 establish a pedigree |
front 57 As a genetic counselor, you are constructing a human pedigree for a
particular disease. You note that every generation shows the trait,
suggesting that it is | back 57 dominant |
front 58 The white eye mutation in Drosophila was shown to be sex-linked and caused by a gene residing on chromosome | back 58 x |
front 59 Occasionally, chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis, leading to
a condition in which the diploid number is not normal. This phenomenon
is called | back 59 nondisjunction |
front 60 If an XY individual had a genetic disorder in which they were
insensitive to androgens, their genotype and phenotype would be
| back 60 xy, female |
front 61 . Which offspring will inherit all their mitochondria DNA from their
mother and none from their father? | back 61 both sons and daughters |
front 62 Of the 23 pairs of human chromosomes, 22 pairs are homologous and are
found in both males and females. these are called | back 62 autosomes |
front 63 If a human female has 2 Barr besides per cell, it is almost certain
that | back 63 c. she developed from a fertilized egg with 3 X chromosomes |
front 64 Hemophilia is caused by a | back 64 a. recessive allele on the X chromosome |