front 1 renal calculi can cause excruciating pain when they do not pass freely through the urinary system. in which renal structure or structures do renal calculi get stuck and cause this excruciating pain? | back 1 ureters |
front 2 which part of the nephron receives fluid from the glomerular capsular space? | back 2 proximal convoluted tubule |
front 3 which fluid compartment contains the greatest fluid volume (where is most of the body's water located)? | back 3 intracellular fluid (ICF) |
front 4 what is the source of the yellow pigment urochrome? | back 4 hemoglobin |
front 5 after a brain injury, George developed diabetes insipidis. what specific part of georges brain was damaged? | back 5 posterior pituitary gland |
front 6 if someone has a disease in which the kidneys do not filter blood effectively, what renal structure is being affected by the disease? | back 6 glomerulus |
front 7 what statement describes the effect of aldosterone? | back 7 it stimulates sodium reabsorption |
front 8 what is urochrome (also know as urobilin)? | back 8 a pigment normally found in urine |
front 9 what part of the kidney attaches to the ureter? | back 9 renal pelvis |
front 10 what area at the base of the urinary bladder is outlined by three openings? | back 10 trigone |
front 11 what happens when the external urethral sphincter is voluntary relaxed at the same time that the pelvic splanchnic nerves are active? | back 11 micturition |
front 12 which of these is a nitrogenous waste associated with muscle tissue? | back 12 creatine |
front 13 what is the primary action of antidiuretic hormone? | back 13 it causes kidney-collecting ducts to reabsorb more water |
front 14 which of these is NOT normally found in urine? | back 14 glucose |
front 15 what part of a nephron is responsible for reabsorbing 65% of filtrate including nutrients (including all glucose) and most of the water? | back 15 proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) |
front 16 what is one reason urinary tract infections are more common in females? | back 16 the female urethra is only 1.5 inches long |
front 17 what is the mechanism of aldosterone? | back 17 it causes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion |
front 18 which blood vessels are found in the renal columns? | back 18 interlobar artery and vein |
front 19 which of these must you consciously relax for micturition to occur? | back 19 external urethral sphincter |
front 20 which bones provide some protection for the kidneys? | back 20 11th and 12th ribs |
front 21 which part of the nephron is involved in filtration? | back 21 glomerular capsule |
front 22 what is the main effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)? | back 22 reduces water content of urine |
front 23 which vessels absorb the solutes and water from the nephron? | back 23 peritubular capillaries |
front 24 what causes the internal urethral sphincter to open? | back 24 pressure from the contracting bladder |
front 25 Muhammad is a 72-year-old man who has problems with urinary retention. after an examination, Muhammad's doctor explains that he has hyperplasia of his prostate gland that is restricting urine flow. which urinary structure is being affected by Muhammad's hyperplastic prostate gland? | back 25 urinary bladder |
front 26 which is the nitrogenous waste produced by the liver and poorly reabsorbed by the kidney? | back 26 urea |
front 27 which of the following conditions might contribute to an increased probability of having an ectopic pregnancy? | back 27 decreased number of cilia in the uterine tubes |
front 28 which portion of the penis is removed during circumcision? | back 28 prepuce (foreskin) |
front 29 in males, which of the following includes the correct target and results of LH stimulation? | back 29 interstitial cells : androgen secretions |
front 30 what part of the female system is the usual site of fertilization of the ovulated oocyte? | back 30 uterine (fallopian) tube |
front 31 which part of the following is considered a role of primary sex organs? | back 31 production of sex hormones |
front 32 what determines the sex of a child? | back 32 the Y chromosome |
front 33 a low secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the normal male adult would cause ______. | back 33 decreased testosterone secretion |
front 34 sperm is produced in the ______. | back 34 seminiferous tubules |
front 35 oocytes complete meiosis II before they are fertilized. | back 35 false |
front 36 which of these male accessory ducts transports both sperm cells and urine? | back 36 urethra |
front 37 which layer of the uterus is the site for implantation of a fertilized egg? | back 37 stratum functionalis of the endometrium |
front 38 during what phase of the female's uterine cycle is the uterine lining shed? | back 38 menstrual phase |
front 39 if an untrained person induces an abortion and severely punctures the posterior vaginal wall, there is a potential risk of the puncture would extending onward into the wall of the _____. | back 39 rectum |
front 40 although effective in treating erectile dysfunction, Viagra has the side effect of reducing systemic blood pressure by causing _____. | back 40 relaxation of muscle tissue in arteries |
front 41 viable sperm production is optimal below the body's core tempurature | back 41 true |
front 42 which of the following cells is released during ovulation? | back 42 secondary oocyte |
front 43 what is the function of meiosis? | back 43 to produce cells with double the chromosome number of the original spermatogonium or oogonium |
front 44 which of the following is the final product of spermiogenesis? | back 44 spermatozoa |
front 45 the _____ is shed during each menstruation and is then regenerated by the _____. | back 45 stratum functionalis; stratum basalis |
front 46 the number of chromosomes in a human gamete is _____; this is referred to as a _____ chromosome number. | back 46 23; haploid |
front 47 which of the following is an effect of estrogen in females? | back 47 promotes oogenesis |
front 48 which layer of the uterus is made of smooth muscle? | back 48 myometrium |
front 49 which of the choices below is NOT a function of testosterone? | back 49 stimulates mammary gland development |
front 50 why does only one egg, rather than four eggs, develop during oogenesis, given that spermatogenesis results in four sperm formed from one stem cell? | back 50 the unequal cytoplasmic division that results in one egg and three polar bodies ensures that a fertilized egg has ample nutrients for its journey to the uterus |
front 51 which structure(s) of the female's external genitalia has/have erectile tissue? | back 51 clitoris |
front 52 what is the product of spermatogenesis? | back 52 formation of haploid sperm |
front 53 which of the following is FALSE regarding the vagina of an adult female? | back 53 the pH of the adult vagina is alkaline |
front 54 what part(s) of the breast produce(s) milk? | back 54 alveoli |