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Biology 1 Chapter 43 Homework

front 1

Which secretion is not a barrier that prevents pathogens from entering the body?

back 1

Antigens.

front 2

True or false? The leukocytes of the innate immune system are B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils.

back 2

False

front 3

How do cells involved in the innate immune response detect the presence of pathogens?

back 3

Leukocytes recognize unique molecules on pathogens.

front 4

Which of the following cells can engulf a pathogen?

back 4

Macrophages.

front 5

Which of the following statements best describes the role of mast cells in the inflammatory response?

back 5

They release chemicals that dilate blood vessels near the wound site, allowing blood components to enter the region from the bloodstream.

front 6

Which of the following events occurs first when a wound that breaks the skin has occurred?

back 6

Platelets release proteins that form clots and decrease bleeding.

front 7

The site of inflammation may become swollen due to the increased numbers of cells and fluids at the site and painful due to signals from pain receptors.

back 7

True

front 8

Innate immunity and acquired immunity are both _____.

back 8

characteristics of all vertebrate animals

front 9

Macrophages are _____.

back 9

large, phagocytic cells that can leave the circulation and enter the tissues of the body

front 10

The cells and signaling molecules involved in the initial stages of the inflammatory response are _____.

back 10

mast cells and histamines

front 11

Inflammatory responses typically include _____.

back 11

increased activity of phagocytes in an inflamed area

front 12

Mutant fruit flies that make only one antimicrobial peptide were tested for survival after infection with Neurospora crassa fungi or with Micrococcus luteus bacteria.

back 12

adding the drosomycin gene to such mutants protects them from death by fungal infection

front 13

Acidity in human sweat is an example of _____.

back 13

innate immunity

front 14

An antigen _____.

back 14

is a foreign molecule that evokes a specific response by a lymphocyte

front 15

The fact that there are about a million different antigen receptors possible in human B cells is based on _____.

back 15

recombination of the segments of the receptor DNA that make up the functional receptor genes of differentiated B cells

front 16

Clonal selection is an explanation for how _____.

back 16

an antigen can provoke production of high levels of specific antibodies

front 17

Immunological memory accounts for _____.

back 17

the ancient observation that someone who had recovered from the plague could safely care for those newly diseased

front 18

How does an antihistamine reduce allergy symptoms?

back 18

An antihistamine blocks receptors for inflammatory chemicals released from granules within mast cells.

front 19

Lymphocytes mature in the _____.

I) spleen

II) thymus

III) bone marrow

back 19

only II and III

front 20

Vaccination increases the number of _____.

back 20

lymphocytes with receptors that can bind to the pathogen

front 21

What major advantage is conveyed by having a system of adaptive immunity?

back 21

It enables a rapid defense against an antigen that has been previously encountered.

front 22

Which of the following is a difference between B cells and T cells?

back 22

One has a major role in antibody production, while the other has a major role in cytotoxicity.

front 23

Cell-mediated immunity differs from humoral immunity in that _____.

back 23

they respond differently to invaders

front 24

Helper T cells are part of _____.

back 24

cell-mediated immune responses

front 25

A primary reason for needing a new vaccine for influenza each year is that _____.

back 25

mutation in the influenza virus is frequent