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Biology 1 Chapter 42 Homework

front 1

In which of the following animals are the blood and the interstitial fluid considered to be the same body fluid?

back 1

grasshoppers

front 2

Which of the following best describes an artery?

back 2

Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

front 3

Organisms with a circulating body fluid that is distinct from the fluid that directly surrounds the body's cells are likely to have _____.

back 3

a closed circulatory system

front 4

In an open circulatory system, hemolymph is _____.

back 4

not always confined to blood vessels and is under lower pressure than in closed circulatory systems

front 5

Circulatory systems compensate for _____.

back 5

the slow rate at which diffusion occurs over large distances

front 6

Blood returns to the heart via the _____.

back 6

pulmonary veins

front 7

From the pulmonary veins, blood flows to the _____.

back 7

left atrium

front 8

From the superior vena cava, blood flows to the _____.

back 8

right atrium

front 9

From the capillaries of the abdominal organs and hind limbs, blood flows to the _____.

back 9

inferior vena cava

front 10

Carbon dioxide enters the blood at the _____.

back 10

capillaries of the head, forelimbs, abdominal organs, and hind limbs

front 11

The _____ has(have) the thinnest walls.

back 11

capillaries

front 12

Blood pressure is highest in the _____.

back 12

aorta

front 13

Most gas exchange with blood vessels occurs across the walls of the structure indicated by the letter _

back 13

E (Gas exchange occurs across the walls of the alveoli)

front 14

What is the function of a circulatory system?

back 14

It brings a transport liquid into close contact with all cells in the body.

front 15

Why do the circulatory systems of land vertebrates have separate circuits to the lungs and to the rest of the body?

back 15

The large decrease in blood pressure as blood moves through the lungs may prevent efficient circulation through the rest of the body.

front 16

True or false? The circulatory systems of land-dwelling vertebrates are composed of two pumping circuits: the systemic circulation, which is a lower-pressure circuit to the lung, and the pulmonary circulation, which is a higher-pressure circuit to the rest of the body.

back 16

False

front 17

What is the function of the left ventricle?

back 17

The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body.

front 18

Which of the following statements about blood circulation in the body is true?

back 18

Valves prevent the backflow of blood into the atria and ventricles.

front 19

Which event occurs first during diastole?

back 19

The atria and ventricles are relaxed, and blood flows into the atria

front 20

Which event of the cardiac cycle occurs when systolic blood pressure is measured?

back 20

The ventricles contract, carrying blood into the aorta, and blood flows into the relaxed atria

front 21

Which of the following develops the greatest pressure on the blood in the mammalian aorta?

back 21

systole of the left ventricle

front 22

Which of the following is the correct sequence of blood flow in birds and mammals?

back 22

vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle pulmonary artery

front 23

A patient with a blood pressure of 120/75, a pulse rate of 70 beats/minute, a stroke volume of 70 mL/beat (milliliters per beat), and a respiratory rate of 25 breaths/minute will have a cardiac output of _____.

back 23

4,900 mL/minute

front 24

Damage to the sinoatrial node in humans _____.

back 24

would disrupt the rate and timing of cardiac muscle contractions

front 25

If a molecule of carbon dioxide released into the blood in your left toe is exhaled from your nose, it must pass through all of the following EXCEPT _____.

back 25

the pulmonary vein