front 1 These are the smallest blood vessels in our body. | back 1 Capillaries |
front 2 This is the muscular layer of blood vessels. | back 2 Tunica Media |
front 3 All of the following would be found in large arteries EXCEPT ___. a) elastic tissue b) smooth muscle c) endothelium d) valves | back 3 D) Valves |
front 4 ___ is not a type of capillary. | back 4 Distributing |
front 5 These vessels carry blood toward the heart. | back 5 Venules |
front 6 Venules unite to form ___. | back 6 Veins |
front 7 The exchange between blood vessels & cells occur in the ___. | back 7 Capillaries |
front 8 These vessels control blood flow to tissues. | back 8 Arterioles |
front 9 Sinusoids are highly modified forms of these vessels. | back 9 Capillaries |
front 10 These vessels also serve as a blood reservoir. | back 10 Veins |
front 11 If you have a BP of 120/80 mm Hg, what is the diastolic pressure? | back 11 80 mm Hg |
front 12 If you have a BP of 110/80 mm Hg, what is your pulse pressure? | back 12 30 mm Hg |
front 13 Blood flow is inversely proportional to the ___. | back 13 Peripheral Resistance |
front 14 ___ have the greatest effect on peripheral resistance. | back 14 Arterioles |
front 15 Gaining weight may increase blood pressure because an increase in adipose tissue causes an increase in ___. | back 15 Blood vessel length |
front 16 The ___ nervous system is responsible for vasomotor tone. | back 16 Sympathetic |
front 17 Baroreceptors in our arteries respond to a(n) ___. | back 17 increase in blood pressure |
front 18 ___ does NOT modify cardiovascular center activity. | back 18 Thermoreceptors |
front 19 Long-Term Mechanisms control blood pressure by ___. | back 19 regulating blood volume |
front 20 The Renin-Angiotensin Mechanism stimulates the release of which hormone from the adrenal cortex? | back 20 Aldosterone |
front 21 ___ is not a branch off of the arch of the aorta. | back 21 Right Common Carotid |
front 22 The first portion of the aorta is called the ___. | back 22 Ascending Aorta |
front 23 In which of the following tissues would low oxygen levels cause vasoconstriction? a) skeletal muscle b) Heart c) Brain d) Lungs | back 23 D) Lungs |
front 24 ___ arteries supply 80% of the cerebrum. | back 24 Internal Carotid |
front 25 ___ forces fluids out of the blood and into the tissues. | back 25 Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure |
front 26 ___ causes vasoconstriction in the systemic circulation. | back 26 Endothelins |
front 27 How would an attack by a mugger affect blood pressure? What is the physiological basis for your answer? | back 27 BP would increase due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation |
front 28 Aldosterone will ___. | back 28 Promote an increase in blood pressure |
front 29 Brachiocephalic Trunk | back 29 Gives rise to the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries |
front 30 External Iliac Artery | back 30 Supplies a lower limb |
front 31 Radial Artery | back 31 Common site to check a pulse |
front 32 Internal Carotid Artery | back 32 Major supply to the cerebral hemispheres |
front 33 Celiac Trunk | back 33 Large unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver, stomach and spleen |
front 34 What type pf vessel has relatively little smooth muscle or elastin in the Tunica Media, a large lumen, and thin walls? | back 34 Vein |
front 35 ___ promotes vasodialation. | back 35 Nitric Oxide |
front 36 Varicose veins seen in the superficial veins of the legs are unsightly and often treated by surgically removing them. However, even without these veins being present, the return of all blood toward the heart from the legs is not diminished primarily because ___. | back 36 blood can return via the deep veins |
front 37 Which artery branches off the subclavian arteries? | back 37 Vertebral Artery |
front 38 Which artery serves the distal part of the large intestine via its left colic, sigmoidal and superior rectal branches? | back 38 Inferior Mesenteric Artery |
front 39 What layer can change blood vessel diameter by vasodialation and vasoconstriction? | back 39 Tunic Media |
front 40 Which vein is the longest in the body and empties into the femoral vein? | back 40 Great Saphenous Vein (superficial) |
front 41 Which vessel returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium to complete the pulmonary circuit? | back 41 Pulmonary Vein |
front 42 ___ would NOT move by diffusion across a capillary endothelium to or from the surrounding interstitial fluid and tissues. | back 42 Proteins |
front 43 Which of the following statements regarding the hepatic portal system is false? | back 43 It branches off of the inferior vena cava |
front 44 Which artery branches into the Common Hepatic Artery, Splenic Artery, and Left Gastric Artery? | back 44 Celiac Trunk |
front 45 Is BP is almost normal in a person who has lost a lot of blood, does that mean the tissues are receiving adequate blood flow? | back 45 Not necessairly |
front 46 What is the effect of Hypovolemic Shock on the blood vessels and the heart? | back 46 Blood vessels constrict to increase venous return and maintain pressure. Heart rate increases to compensate for loss of BP and to maintain cardiac output |
front 47 ___ will lower blood pressure. | back 47 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) - hormone released by the heart. It stimulates the kidney to excrete more sodium and wiater, which decreases total blood volume, leading to decrease in BP |
front 48 Which vein becomes the External Iliac Vein as it enters the Pelvis? | back 48 Femoral Vein |
front 49 The ___ would experience a decrease in blood flow during exercise. | back 49 Kidneys |
front 50 ___ is the pressure that propels blood to the tissues. | back 50 Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) |
front 51 Arteriolar blood pressure increases in response to all but which of the following? a) falling blood volume b) increasing stroke volume c) increasing heart rate d) rising blood volume | back 51 A) falling blood volume |
front 52 ___ are all involved directly in pulmonary circulation. | back 52 Right Ventricle, Pulmonary Artery, and Left Atrium |
front 53 What type of vessel has a relatively more smooth muscle and less elastic tissue? | back 53 Muscular Artery |
front 54 A patient with essential HTN might have pressures of 200/120. This HTN state could result in all of the following except ___. | back 54 decreased size of the heart muscle |
front 55 T/F: When ALBUMIN levels in the blood are below normal, fluid absorption from the tissues into the bloodstream increases. | back 55 FALSE |
front 56 The influence of blood vessel diameter on peripheral resistance is significant because ___. | back 56 resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius. |
front 57 ___ is a result of anaphylaxis. | back 57 Vascular Shock |
front 58 Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure | back 58 Excess red blood cell production would cause an increase in BP |
front 59 The most common type of blood capillary is the ___. | back 59 Continuous Capillary |
front 60 Which arteries carry DEOXYGENATED blood? | back 60 Pulmonary Arteries |
front 61 T/F: Veins carry only oxygen deficient blood | back 61 FALSE |
front 62 ___ is involved in long term BP regulation. | back 62 Renal Mechanisms |
front 63 Aorta | back 63 Largest artery of the body |
front 64 Renal Artery | back 64 Supplies the kidney |
front 65 Common Hepatic Artery | back 65 Supplies the duodenum and stomach |
front 66 Inferior Mesenteric Artery | back 66 Supplies the distal areas of large intestine |
front 67 Internal Iliac Artery | back 67 Supplies Pelvic structures |
front 68 Renal Artery | back 68 artery that DOES NOT anastomose |
front 69 Where are the sensors for the arterial baroreceptor reflex located? | back 69 Carotid sinus and arotic arch |
front 70 If BP is increased at the arterial barorecptors, what would hapen with the activity level of the PNS and the SNS? | back 70 Increased PNS activity and decreased activity of the SNS |
front 71 ___ would cause vasodialation of the arterioles. | back 71 Decreased activity of the SNS |
front 72 Stimulation of the adrenal medulla would result in ___. | back 72 Increase in heart rate and contractility |
front 73 A decrease in BP at the arterial baroreceptors would result in ___. | back 73 Increase in heart contractility |
front 74 ___ is a stimulus in local autoregulation of blood flow. | back 74 Nitric Oxide |
front 75 ___ provides a long term response to changes in BP. | back 75 Renal Regulation |
front 76 A thrombus in the first branch of the aorta would affect the flow of blood to the ___ | back 76 Right side of the head and neck and the right upper arm |
front 77 Brain blood flow autoregulation ___. | back 77 is abolished when abnormally high CO2 levels persist |
front 78 Peripheral resistance ___. | back 78 increases as blood viscosity increases |
front 79 The arteries that directly feed into the capillary beds are called __. | back 79 Arterioles |
front 80 What type of tissue is found in the walls of the arteries but not in the walls of the capillaries and venules? | back 80 Elastic Tissue |
front 81 ___ sends branches to the thyroid, larynx, tongue, skin and muscles of the anterior face and posterior scalp. | back 81 External Carotid Artery |
front 82 ___ carry blood AWAY from the heart. | back 82 Arteries |
front 83 Blood flow to the skin ___. | back 83 increases when environmental temperature rises |
front 84 Why is it important that BP drop to lower levels as it reaches the capillary beds? | back 84 B/c capillaries are fragile and extremely permeable |
front 85 Substances absorbed in the intestines would be routed to the liver via the ___. | back 85 Hepatic Portal Vein |
front 86 From what artery does the Right Common Carotid Artery arise? | back 86 Brachiocephalic Trunk |
front 87 Cerebral blood flow is regulated by ___. | back 87 Intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms |
front 88 Mechanisms that do not help regulate BP are ___. | back 88 Dural Sinus Reflex |
front 89 ___ is the most significant source of blood flow resistance. | back 89 Blood Vessel Diameter |