front 1 Two atoms share a pair of electrons equally. This means that they are joined by | back 1 a nonpolar covalent bond. |
front 2 The major storage polysaccharide in animals is | back 2 glycogen |
front 3 RNA and DNA are similar in structure in many ways, but one key difference is that | back 3 In RNA, uracil replaces the thymine of DNA. |
front 4 The beta-pleated sheet is an example of the ____ level of protein structure. | back 4 secondary |
front 5 The subunits of DNA and RNA consist of | back 5 a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. |
front 6 Osmosis involves: | back 6 Passive diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane. |
front 7 In a DNA molecule: | back 7 The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the As of one strand and the Ts of the other, and the Gs of one strand and the Cs of the other. |
front 8 Mitochondria | back 8 are derived from a symbiotic relationship between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. |
front 9 Osmosis occurs when: | back 9 Water flows across a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient. |
front 10 The inside of a cell usually has a ________ charge compared to the fluid outside it (hint: think about the sodium-potassium pump). | back 10 negative |
front 11 In allosteric regulation of enzyme activity: | back 11 The ability of the active site to accept substrates is controlled. |
front 12 The second law of thermodynamics states that: | back 12 There is a continual increase in the entropy of the universe. |
front 13 Enzymes | back 13 Lower the activation energy barrier of chemical reactions. |
front 14 Which of the following statements is TRUE? | back 14 Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions. |
front 15 Element | back 15 An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical means. |
front 16 When making wine which of the following molecules are excluded to encourage fermentation? | back 16 Oxygen |
front 17 All atoms are electrically neutral, so the number of protons = | back 17 the number of electrons. |
front 18 Atoms with the same atomic number, but different numbers of neutrons are isotopes of | back 18 eachother |
front 19 The lowest electron shell holds a maximum of how many electrons. | back 19 two |
front 20 The number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom is referred to as the | back 20 number of valence electrons. |
front 21 This sharing of electrons is referred to as a _______ chemical bond | back 21 COVALENT |
front 22 Entophy | back 22 A measure of disorder or randomness. The more randomly arranged a collection of matter is the greater its entrophy. |
front 23 Thermodynamics | back 23 Study of the energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter |
front 24 1st Law of Thermodynamics | back 24 The energy of the universe is constant. Energy cannot be created or destroyed |
front 25 2nd Law of Thermodynamics | back 25 every energy transfer or transformation increases the entrophy of the universe. |