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70 notecards = 18 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

the respitory system

front 1

Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?

a) Nose

b) Oral cavity

c) Pharynx

d) Trachea

e) Nasal meatuses

back 1

d

front 2

Which of the following is NOT a conducting zone action?

a) Clean air of debris

b) Conduct air into the lungs

c) Add water to air

d) Warm air

e) All of these are actions of the conducting zone.

back 2

e

front 3

Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange?

a) Partial pressure difference of gases

b) surface are availability for gas exchange

c) Diffusion distance

d) Molecular weight and solubility of the gases

e) All of these are factors that determine the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange.

back 3

e

front 4

Which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water?

  1. a) Pharynx
  2. b) Larynx
  3. c) Paranasal sinuses
  4. d) Trachea
  5. e) Esophagus

back 4

a

front 5

Which structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea?

  1. a) Arytenoid cartilage
  2. b) Epiglottis
  3. c) Nasopharynx
  4. d) Thyroid cartilage
  5. e) Paranasal sinus

back 5

b

front 6

The gas law that describes the pressure changes that occur during pulmonary ventilation is

a) Boyle’s law

b) Charles’ law

c) Henry’s law

d) The inhalation law

e) The law of partial pressure

back 6

a

front 7

Which structure is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi?

a) Trachea

b) Larynx

c) Nasopharynx

d) Pharynx

e) None of these choices

back 7

a

front 8

Which of the following is the primary gas exchange site?

  1. a) Trachea
  2. b) Bronchiole
  3. c) Nasal sinuses
  4. d) Alveolus
  5. e) Bronchus

back 8

d

front 9

Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system?

a) stratified squamous epithelium with keratin

b) ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

c) hyaline cartilage

d) mucus membrane

e) bone

back 9

c

front 10

Which of the below tissues provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs?

a) stratified squamous epithelium with keratin

b) ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

c) ciliated cuboidal epithelium with goblet cells

d) transitional epithelium with cilia

e) columnar connective tissue with goblet cells

back 10

b

front 11

The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called

  1. a) Carina
  2. b) Secondary bronchioles
  3. c) Parietal pleura
  4. d) Visceral pleura
  5. e) Diaphragm

back 11

a

front 12

Which of the below tissues forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus?

a) stratified squamous epithelium

b) ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

c) simple squamous epithelium

d) hyaline cartilage

e) columnar connective tissue with goblet cells

back 12

c

front 13

Which of the following are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant?

  1. a) Type I alveolar cells
  2. b) Type II alveolar cells
  3. c) Type III alveolar cells
  4. d) Surface cells
  5. e) Macrophages

back 13

b

front 14

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects pulmonary ventilation?

a) Lung compliance

b) Suface tension of alveolar fluid

c) Elastic recoil of the chest wall and lungs

d) Airway resistance

e) All of these are factors that affect pulmonary ventilation

back 14

e

front 15

Which of the following indicates the direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs?

a) Oxygen into blood, Carbon dioxide into blood

b) Oxygen out of blood, Carbon dioxide into blood

c) Oxygen into blood, Carbon dioxide out of blood

d) Oxygen out of blood, Carbon dioxide out of blood

back 15

c

front 16

Exhalation begins when

a) Inspiratory muscles relax

b) Diaphragm contracts

c) Blood circulation is the lowest

d) Both Inspiratory muscles relax and Diaphragm contracts

e) All of these choices

back 16

a

front 17

Which of the following is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume?

  1. a) Total lung capacity
  2. b) Functional residual capacity
  3. c) Inspiratory capacity
  4. d) Vital capacity
  5. e) Minimal volume

back 17

b

front 18

Which of the following is NOT a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on?

a) Partial pressure difference of the gases

b) Surface area for gas exchange

c) Diffusion distance

d) Molecular weight and solubility of the gases

e) Force of contraction of diaphragm

back 18

e

front 19

Which of the following is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?

a) Bound to hemoglobin

b) Bound to oxygen

c) Dissolved in plasma as a gas

d) Dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions

e) Diffusion

back 19

d

front 20

When blood pH drops, the amount of oxyhemoglobin _____ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells _____.

a) Increases, increases

b) Increases, decreases

c) Decreases, increases

d) Decreases, decreases

e) Does not change, does not change

back 20

c

front 21

Which of the following is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen?

a) pH of blood

b) Partial pressure of the oxygen

c) Amount of oxygen available

d) Temperature

e) Respiratory rate

back 21

e

front 22

Where are the nasal conchae?

  1. a) A
  2. b) C
  3. c) T
  4. d) U
  5. e) V

back 22

b

front 23

Which tonsils are found in the oropharynx?

  1. a) V
  2. b) R
  3. c) S
  4. d) Q
  5. e) U

back 23

b

front 24

What structure is also referred to as the Adam’s Apple?

  1. a) G
  2. b) H
  3. c) I
  4. d) J
  5. e) K

back 24

d

front 25

Where is the larynx?

  1. a) I
  2. b) M
  3. c) L
  4. d) N
  5. e) O

back 25

a

front 26

Where is the uvula?

  1. a) E
  2. b) F
  3. c) Q
  4. d) S
  5. e) U

back 26

d

front 27

Where are the palatine tonsils?

  1. a) E
  2. b) F
  3. c) R
  4. d) U
  5. e) None of these choices

back 27

c

front 28

Where is the soft palate?

  1. a) C
  2. b) E
  3. c) G
  4. d) Q
  5. e) S

back 28

b

front 29

Where is the epiglottis?

  1. a) O
  2. b) R
  3. c) S
  4. d) F
  5. e) Q

back 29

a

front 30

Where are the olfactory receptors found?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) D
  5. e) U

back 30

b

front 31

Where is the middle nasal concha?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) D
  5. e) E

back 31

b

front 32

Where is the inferior nasal concha?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) D
  5. e) E

back 32

c

front 33

What is E pointing to?

  1. a) Soft palate
  2. b) Ethmoid bone
  3. c) Hard palate
  4. d) Nasal septum
  5. e) Air cells

back 33

d

front 34

What is line D pointing to?

  1. a) Thyrohyoid membrane
  2. b) Corniculate cartilage
  3. c) Cricothyroid ligament
  4. d) Cricoid cartilage
  5. e) Tracheal cartilage

back 34

b

front 35

Where is the cricoid cartilage?

  1. a) D
  2. b) E
  3. c) F
  4. d) G
  5. e) H

back 35

e

front 36

Where is the tracheal cartilage?

  1. a) J
  2. b) I
  3. c) H
  4. d) G
  5. e) F

back 36

a

front 37

What is line A pointing to?

  1. a) Hyoid bone
  2. b) Trachea
  3. c) Adams Apple
  4. d) Thyroid
  5. e) Epiglottis

back 37

e

front 38

What is line J pointing to?

  1. a) Right secondary bronchus
  2. b) Left secondary bronchus
  3. c) Right primary bronchus
  4. d) Left primary bronchus
  5. e) Carina

back 38

d

front 39

Where is the right bronchiole?

  1. a) F
  2. b) G
  3. c) H
  4. d) L
  5. e) M

back 39

b

front 40

What lines are pointing to tertiary bronchi?

  1. a) E and K
  2. b) D and J
  3. c) F and L
  4. d) H and M
  5. e) A and B

back 40

c

front 41

What is line B pointing to?

  1. a) Carina
  2. b) Visceral pleura
  3. c) Parietal pleura
  4. d) Pleural cavity
  5. e) Diaphragm

back 41

c

front 42

Which letter represents the primary gas exchange structure?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) E

back 42

d

front 43

What is line C pointing to?

  1. a) Terminal bronchiole
  2. b) Respiratory bronchiole
  3. c) Alveolar ducts
  4. d) Alveolar sac
  5. e) Alveoli

back 43

c

front 44

Where is the terminal bronchiole?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) D
  5. e) E

back 44

a

front 45

Which structure provides disease resistance within the lungs?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) D
  5. e) None of these choices

back 45

d

front 46

Which cells are the main sites of gas exchange?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) D
  5. e) All of these choices

back 46

c

front 47

Which cell secretes surfactant?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) C
  4. d) D
  5. e) None of these choices

back 47

a

front 48

Normal quiet breathing is controlled by the

a) Pontine respiratory group

b) Medullary respiratory center dorsal respiratory group

c) Medullary respiratory center ventral respiratory group

d) Medullary respiratory center dorsal respiratory group and medullary respiratory center ventral respiratory group

e) all of these

back 48

e

front 49

What area in the figure is the sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) G
  4. d) E
  5. e) H

back 49

d

front 50

What area in the figure is the sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume?

  1. a) H
  2. b) B
  3. c) G
  4. d) E
  5. e) F

back 50

e

front 51

What area in the figure is the sum of the vital capacity and residual volume?

  1. a) B
  2. b) A
  3. c) G
  4. d) D
  5. e) F

back 51

c

front 52

What area in the figure is the sum of the residual volume and the expiratory reserve volume?

  1. a) H
  2. b) A
  3. c) G
  4. d) E
  5. e) F

back 52

a

front 53

What area in the figure represents a very deep inhalation, much greater than the tidal volume?

  1. a) B
  2. b) A
  3. c) G
  4. d) E
  5. e) F

back 53

b

front 54

What area in the figure represents the volume of a normal breath?

  1. a) B
  2. b) A
  3. c) G
  4. d) E
  5. e) F

back 54

a

front 55

What area in the figure represents the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a deep exhalation?

  1. a) C
  2. b) H
  3. c) D
  4. d) B
  5. e) G

back 55

c

front 56

What area in the figure represents a very deep exhalation, much greater than the tidal volume?

  1. a) C
  2. b) H
  3. c) D
  4. d) B
  5. e) G

back 56

a

front 57

Which of the following is a forced exhalation against the closed rima glottidis as may occur during periods of straining while defecating?

  1. a) sobbing
  2. b) coughing
  3. c) crying
  4. d) hiccupping
  5. e) Valsalva maneuver

back 57

e

front 58

Which of the following is a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm followed by spasmodic closure of the rima glottidis, which produces a sharp sound on inhalation?

  1. a) sneezing
  2. b) coughing
  3. c) laughing
  4. d) hiccupping
  5. e) Valsalva maneuver

back 58

d

front 59

Which of the following is an inhalation followed by many short convulsive exhalations during which the rima glottidis remains open and the vocal folds vibrate, accompanied by characteristic facial expressions?

a) sneezing

b) yawning

c) hiccupping

d) laughing

e) Valsalva maneuver

back 59

d

front 60

Which of the following is an inhalation followed by many short convulsive exhalations during which the rima glottidis remains open and the vocal folds vibrate, accompanied by characteristic facial expressions?

a) sneezing

b) yawning

c) hiccupping

d) crying

e) Valsalva maneuver

back 60

d

front 61

Which of the following is a series of convulsive inhalations followed by a single prolonged exhalation where the rima glottidis closes earlier than normal after each inhalation so only a little air enters the lung with each inhalation?

a) sobbing

b) sneezing

c) coughing

d) hiccupping

e) Valsalva maneuver

back 61

a

front 62

Which of the following is a deep inhalation through a widely opened mouth producing an exaggerated depression of the mandible, the precise cause of which is unknown?

a) sobbing

b) yawning

c) coughing

d) laughing

e) hiccupping

back 62

b

front 63

Which of the following is a long drawn and deep inhalation immediately followed by a shorter but forceful exhalation?

  1. a) sobbing
  2. b) yawning
  3. c) sighing
  4. d) hiccupping
  5. e) Valsalva maneuver

back 63

c

front 64

Which of the following is a spasmodic contraction of the muscles of exhalation that forcefully expels air through the nose and mouth?

  1. a) sobbing
  2. b) sneezing
  3. c) coughing
  4. d) sighing
  5. e) Valsalva maneuver

back 64

b

front 65

Which of the following is a long drawn and deep inhalation followed by a complete closure of the rima glottidis, which results in a strong exhalation, pushing the rima glottidis open and sending a blast of air through the upper respiratory passages?

a) crying

b) sneezing

c) coughing

d) sighing

e) Valsalva maneuver

back 65

c

front 66

Which structure in the figure is the hyoid bone?

  1. a) A
  2. b) B
  3. c) D
  4. d) F
  5. e) G

back 66

a

front 67

Which structure in the figure is the ventricular fold?

  1. a) F
  2. b) D
  3. c) C
  4. d) E
  5. e) G

back 67

c

front 68

Which structure in the figure is the vocal fold?

  1. a) F
  2. b) D
  3. c) C
  4. d) E
  5. e) G

back 68

d

front 69

Where is the rhythmicity center for respiration?

a) in the medulla

b) in the pons

c) in the cerebrum

d) in the hypothalamus

e) in the cerebellum

back 69

a

front 70

With which body system does the respiratory system work to regulate the pH of body fluids?

  1. a) muscular
  2. b) digestive
  3. c) nervous
  4. d) endocrine
  5. e) urinary

back 70

e