front 1 1) Which of the following blood vessels carries blood away from the heart to other organs? a) arteries b) capillaries c) venules d) arterioles e) veins | back 1 a |
front 2 Which of the following blood vessels carries blood from the tissues back to the heart? a) arteries b) arterioles c) aorta d) veins e) capillaries | back 2 d |
front 3 Which layer of the arterial wall is responsible for vasoconstriction? a) tunica interna b) tunica media c) tunica externa d) tunica albuginea e) tunica fascia | back 3 b |
front 4 Which layer of the arterial wall is primarily composed of elastic and collagen fibers? a) tunica interna b) tunica media c) tunica externa d) tunica albuginea e) tunica fascia | back 4 c |
front 5 When an artery or arteriole is damaged, its smooth muscle layer contracts producing a) tear in the vessel. b) new vessel branching off the artery or arteriole. c) a vascular spasm. d) tetanus. e) increased blood flow to the damaged vessel. | back 5 c |
front 6 Elastic arteries function as a) vasodilators. b) conduits to the tissues of the trunk only. c) barriers to microcirculation. d) pressure reservoirs. e) vasoconstrictors. | back 6 d |
front 7 In resting individuals, which vessels serve as a large blood reservoir from which blood can be quickly diverted to other vessels as needed? a) Arteries and arterioles b) Arterioles and capillaries c) Venules and capillaries d) Veins and venules e) Aorta and veins | back 7 d |
front 8 Which type of blood vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries? a) arteries b) arterioles c) venules d) veins e) aorta | back 8 b |
front 9 Which of the following structures are found in veins but NOT in arteries? a) tunica externa b) tunica media c) tunica interna d) valve e) lumen | back 9 d |
front 10 Capillaries are also referred to as
e) distributing vessels | back 10 a |
front 11 Which of the following structures is used to control the flow of blood through a capillary bed? a) thoroughfare channels b) precapillary sphincters c) postcapillary sphincters d) venules e) valves in veins | back 11 b |
front 12 Which of the following types of tissues contains continuous capillaries? a) skeletal muscle b) smooth muscle c) connective tissue d) lungs e) all of these choices | back 12 e |
front 13 The alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis is called a) a thoroughfare channel. b) a blood reservoir. c) a detour route. d) collateral circulation. e) microcirculation. | back 13 d |
front 14 The largest driving force for pulling fluid from the interstitial spaces back into the capillaries is
e) glomerular hydrostatic pressure | back 14 c |
front 15 The pressure-driven movement of fluids and solutes from blood into interstitial fluid is called a) reabsorption. b) filtration. c) bulk flow. d) osmosis. e) transcytosis. | back 15 b |
front 16 The volume of blood that circulates through the systemic (or pulmonary) blood vessels per minute is called a) stroke volume. b) tidal volume. c) cardiac output. d) cardiac reserve. e) total peripheral resistance. | back 16 c |
front 17 Cardiac output is dependent on both a) heart rate and stroke volume. b) stroke volume and systemic vascular resistance. c) heart rate and systemic vascular resistance. d) blood type and stroke volume. e) blood pressure and heart rate | back 17 a |
front 18 Which of the following would NOT result in an increase in arterial blood pressure? a) Increased blood volume b) Increased sympathetic stimulation c) Increased heart rate d) Increased stroke volume e) Increased arteriolar vasodilation | back 18 e |
front 19 Which of the following would NOT result in an increase in systemic vascular resistance? a) Decreased diameter of systemic arterioles b) Increased blood viscosity c) Decreased length of the systemic circulatory route d) Increased vasoconstriction of systemic arterioles e) Increased red blood cell count | back 19 c |
front 20 Which of the following characteristics of blood depends mostly on the ratio of RBCs to plasma volume? a) total blood volume b) blood viscosity c) venous return d) clotting time e) immunoglobulin profile | back 20 b |
front 21 Which of the following is NOT a contribution of the cardiovascular system to other body systems? a) Blood delivers clotting factors and WBCs that aid in hemostasis when skin is damaged. b) Blood delivers calcium and phosphate ions that are needed for building bone extracellular matrix. c) Blood carries carbon dioxide to body tissues and removes oxygen for use by other organs. d) Blood carries newly absorbed nutrients and water to the liver. e) Blood circulates cells and chemicals that carry out immune functions. | back 21 c |
front 22 The cardiovascular center is located a) in the thoracic cavity. b) in the cerebral cortex. c) in the cerebellum. d) in the medulla oblongata. e) in the hypothalamus. | back 22 d |
front 23 All of the following aid in venous return of blood to heart EXCEPT a) the skeletal muscle pump. b) the respiratory pump. c) blood viscosity. d) venoconstriction | back 23 d |
front 24 All of the following aid in venous return of blood to heart EXCEPT a) the skeletal muscle pump. b) the respiratory pump. c) blood viscosity. d) venoconstriction e) venous valves. | back 24 c |
front 25 Which of the following would be a normal response of the cardiovascular system to a decreased frequency of action potentials arising from the baroreceptors? a) Increased systemic vascular resistance b) Increased parasympathetic stimulation c) Decreased heart rate d) Decreased stroke volume e) Decreased cardiac output | back 25 a |
front 26 Which of the following hormones would NOT stimulate changes that lead to an increase in arterial blood pressure? a) Atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) b) Antidiuretic hormone(ADH) c) Aldosterone d) Angiotensin e) Epinephrine | back 26 a |
front 27 When chemoreceptors in blood vessels detect high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, they stimulate all of the following changes EXCEPT a) increased vasoconstriction of arterioles. b) increased blood pressure.
e) increased vasoconstriction of veins | back 27 c |
front 28 The myogenic response of smooth muscle results in a) more forceful contractions when stretched. b) more forceful contractions when relaxed c) tetany. d) relaxation of smooth muscle when stretched. e) formation of new desmosomes. | back 28 a |
front 29 In which of the following types of blood vessels is blood pressure
NOT pulsing? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 4 only e) Both 2 and 4 | back 29 e |
front 30 Abnormal conditions such as atherosclerosis and patent ductus arteriosus cause an large increase in the
| back 30 c |
front 31 This type of shock is due to decreased blood volume. a) Hypovolemic b) Cardiogenic c) Vascular d) Obstructive e) Neurogenic | back 31 a |
front 32 ![]() Which of the labeled layers in the diagram of the arterial wall consists mainly of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers? a) A b) B c) C d) A and B e) A, B and C | back 32 b |
front 33 ![]() Which of the labeled layers in the diagram of the arterial wall is composed of a simple squamous epithelium, a basement membrane and a layer of elastic tissue?
| back 33 a |
front 34 ![]() Which labeled structure in the figure is a metarteriole?
| back 34 b |
front 35 ![]() Which labeled structure in the figure is a capillary?
| back 35 d |
front 36 ![]() Which labeled structure in the figure is precapillary sphincter?
| back 36 c |
front 37 ![]() Which of the capillaries shown in the figure has an incomplete or absent basement membrane?
| back 37 c |
front 38 ![]() Which of the types of capillaries shown in the figure is commonly found in the kidneys, villi of the small intestine, choroid plexuses, and some endocrine glands?
e) B and C | back 38 b |
front 39 ![]() What physiological process is depicted in this figure?
| back 39 b |
front 40 What do following arteries have in common: superficial temporal artery, brachial artery and common carotid artery? a) They are all areas where Korotkoff sounds cannot be heard. b) They are all only found on the left side of the body. c) They are all common pulse points. d) They all contain baroreceptors. e) They all deliver blood to structures in the head. | back 40 c |
front 41 Which of the following would NOT occur in response to hypovolemic shock? a) Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system. b) Secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) c) Activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS. d) Release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). e) Release of local vasodilators. | back 41 d |
front 42 All the veins of the systemic circulation eventually drain into the a) superior vena cava. b) inferior vena cava. c) coronary sinus. d) superior and inferior vena cava. e) superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus. | back 42 e |
front 43 The pulmonary trunk divides into a) brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery b) right and left subclavain arteries. c) right and left pulmonary veins. d) right and left pulmonary arteries. e) right and left common carotid arteries. | back 43 d |
front 44 In fetal circulation, what is the opening between the right and left atria called? a) Ductus venousus b) Umbilicus c) Fossa ovalis d) Foramen ovale e) Ductus arteriosus | back 44 d |
front 45 Which of the following vessels is a pulse point found at the wrist? a) Radial artery b) Subclavian artery c) Axillary artery d) Cephalic artery e) Palmar artery | back 45 a |