front 1 Which of the following nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus?
| back 1 Phrenic |
front 2 Which of the following is not a way that sensory receptors are classified?
| back 2 Sensitivity to a stimulus |
front 3 Which of the following is not a main level of neural integration in the somatosensory system?
| back 3 Segmental |
front 4 Starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order):
| back 4 Roots, trunks, divisions, and cords |
front 5 The cranial nerve with a cervical origin (spinal cord) is the _______.
| back 5 Accessory |
front 6 A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ____.
| back 6 femoral |
front 7 Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the Level of L4 to S4 form the ___.
| back 7 Sacral plexus |
front 8 Striking the "funny bone" is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the ___.
| back 8 Ulnar nerve |
front 9 Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are___.
| back 9 exteroceptors |
front 10 Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by ____.
| back 10 nociceptors |
front 11 _____ are stimulated when sound waves vibrate hair cells in the inner ear.
| back 11 Mechanoreceptors |
front 12 Which of the following pairs of receptors appear to play complementary roles in hairy and hairless skin?
| back 12 Tactile corpuscles and hair follicle receptors |
front 13 At which level of the somatosensory system are conscious decisions made about low-grade touch stimuli?
| back 13 Perceptual level |
front 14 Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ____.
| back 14 Afferent nerves |
front 15 The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by the ___nerve.
| back 15 Tibial |
front 16 Which cranial nerve is the largest? | back 16 Trigeminal nerve (V) |
front 17 Which cranial nerve is the only one that exists in the "posterior" side of the brainstem? | back 17 Trochlear nerve (IV) |
front 18 How many cranial nerves are responsible for eye movement? | back 18 3; Oculomotor nerve (III), Trochlear nerve (IV), and Abducens nerve (VI) |
front 19 What does "abducens" refer to? | back 19 Moves the eye laterally causing abduction of the eye. |
front 20 Which cranial nerves cary gustatory (taste) information? | back 20 Facial nerve (VII), glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), Vagus nerve (X) |
front 21 Which cranial nerve is the longest? | back 21 Vagus nerve (X) |
front 22 What 2 cranial nerves carry sensory information about blood pressure to the brain? | back 22 Glossopharyngeal neve (IX), and Vagus nerve (X) |
front 23 Which cranial nerve is responsible for pupillary constriction? | back 23 Oculomotor nerve (III) |
front 24 Which nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle? | back 24 Trochlear nerve (IV) |
front 25 Which is the longest cranial nerve? | back 25 Vagus nerve (X) |
front 26 Damage to this nerve would cause dizziness, nausea, and loss of balance. | back 26 Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) |
front 27 This nerve is involved in movement of the digestive tract. | back 27 Vagus nerve (X) |
front 28 Damage to this would would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing, but no effect on visceral organs. | back 28 Hypoglossal nerve (XII) |
front 29 Damage to this nerve would keep the eye from rotation inferolaterally. | back 29 Abducens nerve (VI) |
front 30 On occasion our trusty truck acts funny - very good vehicle anyhow. | back 30 Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens Facial Vestibulocochlear Glossopharyngeal Vagus Hypoglossal |
front 31 What is the PNS? | back 31 provides links from and to the world outside our bodies. Outside the CNS. |
front 32 What does the PNS consist of? | back 32 All neural structures outside the brain and spinal cord. |
front 33 List the neural structures outside the body: | back 33 Sensory receptors Peripheral nerves Efferent motor endings |
front 34 ***What are 3 ways to classify sensory receptors? | back 34
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front 35 ***List the sensory receptors that are classified by stimulus type: | back 35
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front 36 What stimulus does the mechanoreceptor respond to? | back 36 Touch, mechanical force, pressure (BP), vibration, and stretch |
front 37 What stimulus does a thermoreceptor respond to? | back 37 Sensitive to changes in temperature. |
front 38 What stimulus does photoreceptors respond to? | back 38 Respond to light energy (retina) |
front 39 What stimulus does chemoreceptors respond to? | back 39 chemicals, (ie...smell, taste, changes in blood chemistry) interstitial fluid chemistry |
front 40 What stimulus do Nociceptors respond to? Noci = harm | back 40 Potentially damaging stimuli, sensitive to pain causing stimuli (i.e. extreme heat or cold, excessive pressure, inflammatory chemicals) can also trigger subtypes of previous receptors (i.e. thermoreceptors, mechanreceptors, and chemoreceptors.) |
front 41 ***List the receptors that are classified by location: | back 41
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front 42 Describe exteroceptors: | back 42
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front 43 Describe Interoceptors (visceroceptors): | back 43
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front 44 Describe Propioceptors (one's own): | back 44
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front 45 List the sensory receptors that are classified by structures: | back 45
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front 46 Describe the simple receptors for general senses: | back 46
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front 47 Describe the receptors for special senses: | back 47
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front 48 What does Non-encapsulated mean? | back 48 (Free)- located nearly everywhere in the body, abundant in epithelia and connective tissue. Respond primarily to temp, painful stimuli and itch. (Tactile (Merkel discs), Hair follicle receptors) |
front 49 What does Encapsulated mean? | back 49 (enclosed)- in a connective tissue capsule. Virtually all are mechanoreceptors but vary greatly in shape, size, and distribution in the body. |
front 50 Give examples of sensory receptors that are classified by structures: | back 50
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front 51 What sensory organization serves the body wall and limbs? | back 51 Somatosensory |
front 52 Describe somatosensory: | back 52 Receives inputs from
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front 53 List the levels of neural integration in sensory systems: | back 53
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front 54 ***What are the 2 categories of reflexes? | back 54
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front 55 ***What are the 5 components of a reflex arc (neural path)? | back 55
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front 56 What is a nerve? | back 56 A cordlike organ of the PNS. |
front 57 What are nerves composed of? | back 57
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front 58 List the layers of the connective tissue covering around nerve fibers and their descriptions: | back 58
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front 59 In general, how are nerves classified throughout the PNS? | back 59
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front 60 ***Name the nerves that are classified according to the direction of impulse: | back 60
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front 61 What is the ganglia? | back 61
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front 62 How many cranial nerves are associated with the brain? | back 62 12 pairs. Only 2 pairs are attached to the forebrain. The rest are found on the brain stem. |
front 63 **What nerve is a major nerve of the lumbar plexus? | back 63 The Femoral nerve L2-L4 |
front 64 ***What are the major roots of the Brachial plexus? | back 64
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front 65 Olfactory Nerve I | back 65 Sensory organ that carries impulses for smell to the brain |
front 66 Optic Nerve II | back 66 Sensory organ that carries impulses for vision to the brain |
front 67 Oculomotor Nerve III | back 67 Motor nerve that carries impulses to the extrinsic eye muscles which help direct the position of the eyeball. This nerve also carries impulses to the muscles that regulate the size of the pupil. |
front 68 Trochlear Nerve IV | back 68 Motor nerve that carries impulses to one extrinsic eye muscle (the superior oblique muscle). This muscle helps regulate the position of the eyeball. |
front 69 Trigeminal Nerve V | back 69 A mixed nerve. The sensory fibers of this nerve carry impulses for touch, temp and pain associated with the face, teeth, lips, and eyelids. The motor fibers of this nerve carry impulses to some of the mastication muscles of the face. |
front 70 Abducens Nerve VI | back 70 A mixed nerve, but primarily a motor nerve. This nerve carries impulses to the lateral rectus muscle of the eye. This muscle is an extrinsic eye muscle which is involved in positioning the eyeball. |
front 71 Facial Nerve VII | back 71 A mixed nerve.The sensory fibers of this nerve carry touch, temp, pressure and pain sensations from the face to the brain. The motor fibers of this nerve carry impulses to many of the muscles of the face and they carry impulses to the lacrimal glands. |
front 72 Vestibulocochlear Nerve VIII | back 72 A sensory nerve that carries impulses for hearing and equilibrium from the ear to the brain. |
front 73 Glossopharyngeal Nerve IX | back 73 A mixed nerve. The sensory fibers of this nerve carry basic sensory info and taste sensations from the pharynx and tongue to the brain. The motor fibers of this nerve carry impulses associated with swallowing to the tongue and pharynx. |
front 74 Vagus Nerve X | back 74 A mixed nerve. The sensory fibers of this nerve carry impulses from the pharynx , larynx, and some internal organs to the brain. The motor fibers of this nerve carry impulses to some internal organs and to the skeletal muscles of the larynx and pharynx. |
front 75 Accessory Nerve XI | back 75 A mixed nerve, but primarily a motor nerve. Carries impulses to muscles of the larynx, pharynx, and neck. |
front 76 Hypoglossal Nerve XII | back 76 Primarily a motor nerve. This nerve carries impulses to the muscles that move and position the tongue. |