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Chem test chapter 7

front 1

1.

Who was the first scientist to propose that the atom had a dense nucleus which occupied only a small fraction of the volume of the atom?

A) Planck B) Bohr C) Rydberg D) Rutherford E) Thomson

back 1

D

front 2

2.

Who was the first scientist to propose that an object could emit only certain amounts of energy?

A) Planck B) Einstein C) Bohr D) Rydberg E) de Broglie

back 2

A

front 3

3.

Who proposed a model that successfully explained the photoelectric effect?

A) Planck B) Einstein C) Compton D) Rydberg E) Bohr

back 3

B

front 4

4.

Who developed an empirical equation from which the wavelengths of lines in the spectrum of hydrogen atoms can be calculated?

A) Planck B) de Broglie C) Bohr D) Rutherford E) Rydberg

back 4

E

front 5

5.

Which scientist first proposed that the electron in the hydrogen atom can have only certain energies?

A) Planck B) Einstein C) Bohr D) Rydberg E) Heisenberg

back 5

C

front 6

6.

Which scientist first proposed that particles of matter could have wave properties?

A) Einstein B) Planck C) de Broglie D) Compton E) Heisenberg

back 6

C

front 7

7.

Which scientist demonstrated that photons transferred momentum during collisions with matter?

A) Bohr B) de Broglie C) Planck D) Compton E) Billiard

back 7

D

front 8

8.

Who proposed the principle which states that one cannot simultaneously know the exact position and velocity of a particle?

A) Einstein B) Planck C) Heisenberg D) Compton E) de Broglie

back 8

C

front 9

9.

Which word best describes the phenomenon which gives rise to a rainbow?

A) reflection

B) dispersion

C) diffraction

D) interference

E) deflection

back 9

B

front 10

10.

Contact lenses can focus light due to the ____________ of the waves.

A) diffraction

B) reflection

C) refraction

D) dispersion

E) interference

back 10

C

front 11

11.

The interference pattern seen when light passes through narrow, closely spaced slits, is due to

A) diffraction.

B) reflection.

C) refraction.

D) dispersion.

E) deflection.

back 11

A

front 12

12.

Interference of light waves

A)

separates light into its component colors.

B)

creates a pattern of light and dark regions.

C)

focuses a broad beam of light into a point.

D)

bends light as it passes the edge of an object.

E)

creates a laser beam.

back 12

B

front 13

13.

Select the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation which starts with the lowest energy and increases to greatest energy.

A)

radio, visible, infrared, ultraviolet

B)

infrared, visible, ultraviolet, microwave

C)

visible, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays

D)

X-radiation, visible, infrared, microwave

E)

microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet

back 13

E

front 14

14.

Select the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation which starts with the lowest energy and increases to greatest energy.

A)

radio, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma rays

B)

radio, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays

C)

gamma rays, infrared, radio, ultraviolet

D)

gamma rays, ultraviolet, infrared, radio

E)

infrared, ultraviolet, radio, gamma rays

back 14

A

front 15

15.

Which of the following frequencies of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

A) 1 kilohertz

B) 1 terahertz

C) 1 dekahertz

D) 1 gigahertz

E) 1 megahertz

back 15

D

front 16

16.

Select the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation which starts with the lowest wavelength and increases greatest wavelength.

A)

radio, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma rays

B)

radio, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays

C)

gamma rays, radio, ultraviolet, infrared

D)

gamma rays, infrared, radio, ultraviolet

E)

gamma rays, ultraviolet, infrared, radio

back 16

E

front 17

17.

Electromagnetic radiation can be specified by its wavelength (l), its frequency (n) or its period (t). The period t is the time it takes one complete wavelength to pass a point in space. Based on this information, what is the mathematical relationship between n and t?

A) n = 1/t B) n = t C) t = n/c D) c = t x n E) t = c/n

back 17

A

front 18

18.

Electromagnetic radiation of 500 nm wavelength lies in the __________ region of the spectrum.

A) infrared B) visible C) ultraviolet D) X-ray E) g-ray

back 18

B

front 19

19.

The FM station KDUL broadcasts music at 99.1 MHz. Find the wavelength of these waves.

A) 1.88 × 10–2 m B) 0.330 m C) 3.03 m D) 5.33 × 102 m E) > 103 m

back 19

C

front 20

20.

The AM station KBOR plays your favorite music from the 20's and 30's at 1290 kHz. Find the wavelength of these waves.

A) 4.30 × 10–2 m B) 0.144 m C) 6.94 m D) 232 m E) > 103 m

back 20

D

front 21

21.

An infrared wave has a wavelength of 6.5 × 10–4 cm. What is this distance in angstroms, Å?

A) 6.5 × 10–4 Å

D) 6.5 × 104 Å

B) 2.2 × 10–4 Å

E) 6.5 × 106 Å

C) 4.6 × 103 Å

back 21

D

front 22

22.

A radio wave has a frequency of 8.6 × 108 Hz. What is the energy of one photon of this radiation?

A) 7.7 × 10–43 J

D) 1.7 × 10–16 J

B) 2.3 × 10–34 J

E) > 10–15 J

C) 5.7 × 10–25 J

back 22

C

front 23

23.

Infrared radiation from the sun has a wavelength of 6200 nm. Calculate the energy of one photon of that radiation.

A) 4.l × 10–39 J

D) 3.2 × 10–26 J

B) 4.l × 10–30 J

E) between 10–20 and 10–19 J

C) 3.2 × 10–29 J

back 23

E

front 24

24.

Green light has a wavelength of 5200 Å. Calculate the energy of one photon of green light.

A) 3.4 × 10–40 J

D) 3.4 × 10–27 J

B) 3.4 × 10–30 J

E) 3.8 × 10–19 J

C) 3.8 × 10–29 J

back 24

E

front 25

25.

If the energy of a photon is 1.32 × 10–18 J, what is its wavelength in nm?

A) 1.50 × 10–7 nm

D) 1.99 × 1024 nm

B) 150. nm

E) none of the above

C) 1.99 × 1015 nm

back 25

B

front 26

26.

A photon has an energy of 5.53 × 10–17 J. What is its frequency in s–1?

A) 3.66 × 10–50 s–1

D) 2.78 × 108 s–1

B) 1.20 × 10–17 s–1

E) 8.35 × 1016 s–1

C) 3.59 × 10–9 s–1

back 26

E

front 27

27.

A modern compact fluorescent lamp contains 1.4 mg of mercury. If each mercury atom in the lamp were to emit a single photon of wavelength 254 nm, how many joules of energy would be emitted?

A) 7.8 × 10-19 J B) 3.3 J C) 6.6 × 102 J D) 3.3 × 103 J E) 4.2 × 1018 J

back 27

B

front 28

28.

For potassium metal, the work function f (the minimum energy needed to eject an electron from the metal surface) is 3.68 × 10–19 J. Which is the longest wavelength of the following which could excite photoelectrons?

A) 550. nm B) 500. nm C) 450. nm D) 400. nm E) 350. nm

back 28

B

front 29

29.

Platinum, which is widely used as a catalyst, has a work function f (the minimum energy needed to eject an electron from the metal surface) of 9.05 × 10–19 J. What is the longest wavelength of light which will cause electrons to be emitted?

A) 2.196 × 10–7 m

D) 1.370 × 1015 m

B) 4.553 × 10–6 m

E) > 106 m

C) 5.654 × 102 m

back 29

A

front 30

30.

In the photoelectric effect, a photon with an energy of 5.3 × 10-19 J strikes an electron in a metal. Of this energy, 3.6 × 10-19 J is the minimum energy required for the electron to escape from the metal. The remaining energy appears as kinetic energy of the photoelectron. What is the velocity of the photoelectron, assuming it was initially at rest?

A) 3.7 × 1014 m/s

D) 6.1 × 105 m/s

B) 3.7 × 1011 m/s

E) 1.7 × 10-19 m/s

C) 1.9 × 106 m/s

back 30

D

front 31

31.

Consider the following adjectives used to describe types of spectrum:

continuous line atomic emission absorption

How many of them are appropriate to describe the spectrum of radiation given off by a black body?

A) none B) one C) two D) three E) four

back 31

C

front 32

32.

Consider the following adjectives used to describe types of spectrum:

continuous line atomic emission absorption

How many of them are appropriate to describe the spectrum of radiation absorbed by a sample of mercury vapor?

A) one B) two C) three D) four E) five

back 32

C

front 33

33.

What type of spectrum, if any, would be produced if the light radiated by a heated atomic gas were to be dispersed through a prism?

A)

a continuous band of color

B)

a continuous band of color with some dark lines (missing wavelengths)

C)

only blue light

D)

only red light

E)

discrete lines of different colors

back 33

E

front 34

34.

Use the Rydberg equation to calculate the frequency of a photon absorbed when the hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from n1 = 2 to n 2 = 4. (R = 1.096776 × 107 m–1)

A) 2.056 × 106 s–1

D) 8.226 × 1014 s–1

B) 2.742 × 106 s–1

E) > 1015 s–1

C) 6.165 × 1014 s–1

back 34

C

front 35

35.

Line spectra from all regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, including the Paschen series of infrared lines for hydrogen, are used by astronomers to identify elements present in the atmospheres of stars. Calculate the wavelength of the photon emitted when the hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from n = 5 to n = 3. (R = 1.096776 × 107 m–1)

A) 205.1 nm B) 384.6 nm C) 683.8 nm D) 1282 nm E) > 1500 nm

back 35

D

front 36

36.

According to the Rydberg equation, the line with the shortest wavelength in the emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen is predicted to lie at a wavelength (in nm) of

A) 91.2 nm.

D) 1.10 × 1016 nm.

B) 1.10 × 10–2 nm.

E) none of the above.

C) 1.10 × 102 nm.

back 36

A

front 37

37.

According to the Rydberg equation, the longest wavelength (in nm) in the series of H-atom lines with n1 = 3 is

A) 1875 nm. B) 1458 nm. C) 820. nm. D) 656 nm. E) 365 nm.

back 37

A

front 38

38.

An electron in the n = 6 level emits a photon with a wavelength of 410.2 nm. To what energy level does the electron move?

A) n = 1 B) n = 2 C) n = 3 D) n = 4 E) n = 5

back 38

B

front 39

39.

The Bohr theory of the hydrogen atom predicts the energy difference (in J) between the n = 3 and the n = 5 state to be

A) 8.72 × 10–20 J.

D) 1.55 × 10–19 J.

B) 1.36 × 10–19 J.

E) 1.09 × 10–18 J.

C) 2.42 × 10–19 J.

back 39

D

front 40

40.

Excited hydrogen atoms radiate energy in the

A)

infrared region only.

B)

visible region only.

C)

ultraviolet region only.

D)

visible and ultraviolet regions only.

E)

infrared, visible, and ultraviolet regions.

back 40

E

front 41

41.

According to the Bohr theory of the hydrogen atom, the minimum energy (in J) needed to ionize a hydrogen atom from the n = 2 state is

A) 2.18 × 10–18 J.

D) 3.03 × 10–19 J.

B) 1.64 × 10–18 J.

E) none of the above.

C) 5.45 × 10–19 J.

back 41

C

front 42

42.

The ionization energy is the energy needed to remove an electron from an atom. In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, this means exciting the electron to the n = ¥ state. What is the ionization energy in kJ/mol, for hydrogen atoms initially in the n = 2 energy level?

A) 290 kJ/mol

D) 983 kJ/mol

B) 328 kJ/mol

E) 1311 kJ/mol

C) 656 kJ/mol

back 42

B

front 43

43.

For all the allowed vibration(s) (wavelength(s)) of a plucked guitar string, what is the correct relationship between the length of the string, L, and the wavelength, l?

A) L = l/2

D) L = nl where n is a positive integer

B) L = l

E) L = 1/l

C) L = nl/2 where n is a positive integer

back 43

C

front 44

44.

A sprinter must average 24.0 mi/h to win a 100-m dash in 9.30 s. What is his wavelength at this speed if his mass is 84.5 kg?

A) 7.29 × 10–37 m

D) 1.34 × 10–30 m

B) 3.26 × 10–37 m

E) none of the above

C) 5.08 × 10–30 m

back 44

A

front 45

45.

The de Broglie equation predicts that the wavelength (in m) of a proton moving at 1000. m/s is

A) 3.96 × 10–10 m.

D) 2.52 × 109 m.

B) 3.96 × 10–7 m.

E) > 1010 m.

C) 2.52 × 106 m.

back 45

A

front 46

46.

According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, if the uncertainty in the speed of an electron is 3.5 × 103 m/s, the uncertainty in its position (in m) is at least

A) 1.7 × 10–8 m.

D) 66 m.

B) 6.6 × 10–8 m.

E) none of the above.

C) 17 m.

back 46

A

front 47

47.

The size of an atomic orbital is associated with

A)

the principal quantum number (n).

B)

the angular momentum quantum number (l).

C)

the magnetic quantum number (ml).

D)

the spin quantum number (ms).

E)

the angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers, together.

back 47

A

front 48

48.

The shape of an atomic orbital is associated with

A)

the principal quantum number (n).

B)

the angular momentum quantum number (l).

C)

the magnetic quantum number (ml).

D)

the spin quantum number (ms).

E)

the magnetic and spin quantum numbers, together.

back 48

B

front 49

49.

The orientation in space of an atomic orbital is associated with

A)

the principal quantum number (n).

B)

the angular momentum quantum number (l).

C)

the magnetic quantum number (ml).

D)

the spin quantum number (ms).

E)

none of the above.

back 49

C

front 50

50.

Atomic orbitals developed using quantum mechanics

A)

describe regions of space in which one is most likely to find an electron.

B)

describe exact paths for electron motion.

C)

give a description of the atomic structure which is essentially the same as the Bohr model.

D)

allow scientists to calculate an exact volume for the hydrogen atom.

E)

are in conflict with the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.

back 50

A

front 51

51.

In an atom, the square of an electron's wave function

A)

becomes zero at the nucleus.

B)

is smallest near the nucleus.

C)

is largest near the nucleus.

D)

may be zero at more than one point.

E)

tends to infinity at large distances from the nucleus.

back 51

D

front 52

52.

The energy of an electron in the hydrogen atom is determined by

A)

the principal quantum number (n) only.

B)

the angular momentum quantum number (l ) only.

C)

the principal and angular momentum quantum numbers (n & l ).

D)

the principal and magnetic quantum numbers (n & ml).

E)

the principal, angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers.

back 52

A

front 53

53.

Which of the following is a correct set of quantum numbers for an electron in a 3d orbital?

A) n = 3, l = 0, ml = –1

D) n = 3, l = 3, ml = +2

B) n = 3, l = 1, ml = +3

E) n = 3, l = 2, ml = –2

C) n = 3, l = 2, ml = 3

back 53

E

front 54

54.

Which of the following is a correct set of quantum numbers for an electron in a 5f orbital?

A) n = 5, l = 3, ml = +1

D) n = 4, l = 2, ml = +1

B) n = 5, l = 2, ml = +3

E) n = 5, l = 4, ml = 3

C) n = 4, l = 3, ml = 0

back 54

A

front 55

55.

In the quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom, which one of the following combinations of quantum numbers is not allowed?

back 55

E

front 56

56.

Which one of the following sets of quantum numbers can correctly represent a 3p orbital?

A) n = 3 l = 1 ml = 2

D) n = 3 l = 1 ml = –1

B) n = 1 l = 3 ml = 3

E) n = 3 l = 0 ml = 1

C) n = 3 l = 2 ml = 1

back 56

D