front 1 accelerando, accel. | back 1 becoming quicker |
front 2 accent | back 2 a stressed note |
front 3 adagio | back 3 slow |
front 4 allegro | back 4 fast |
front 5 allegretto | back 5 fairly fast (a little slower than allegro) |
front 6 andante | back 6 moderately slow; at a walking pace |
front 7 andantino | back 7 a little faster than andante |
front 8 a tempo | back 8 return to the original tempo |
front 9 cantabile | back 9 in a singing style |
front 10 crescendo, cresc. | back 10 becoming louder |
front 11 da capo, D. C. | back 11 from the beginning |
front 12 dal segno, D. S. | back 12 from the sign |
front 13 D.C. al Fine | back 13 repeat from the beginning and end at Fine |
front 14 decrescendo, decresc. | back 14 becoming softer |
front 15 diminuendo, dim. | back 15 becoming softer |
front 16 dolce | back 16 sweet, gentle |
front 17 espressivo, espress. | back 17 expressive, with expression |
front 18 fine | back 18 the end |
front 19 forte, f | back 19 loud |
front 20 fortissimo, ff | back 20 very loud |
front 21 grazioso | back 21 graceful |
front 22 larghetto | back 22 fairly slow, but not as slow as largo |
front 23 largo | back 23 very slow |
front 24 legato | back 24 smooth |
front 25 leggiero | back 25 light, nimble, quick |
front 26 lento | back 26 slow |
front 27 maestoso | back 27 majestic |
front 28 mano destra, m.d. | back 28 right hand |
front 29 mano sinistra, m.s. | back 29 left hand |
front 30 marcato | back 30 marked or stressed |
front 31 mezzo forte, mf | back 31 moderately loud |
front 32 mezzo piano, mp | back 32 moderately soft |
front 33 moderato | back 33 at a moderate tempo |
front 34 molto | back 34 much, very |
front 35 ottava, 8va | back 35 the interval of an octave |
front 36 pedale, ped. | back 36 pedal |
front 37 pianissimo, pp | back 37 very soft |
front 38 piano, p | back 38 soft |
front 39 poco | back 39 little |
front 40 prestissimo | back 40 as fast as possible |
front 41 presto | back 41 very fast |
front 42 ritardando, rit. | back 42 slowing down gradually |
front 43 rallentando, rall. | back 43 slowing down |
front 44 rubato | back 44 with some freedom of tempo to enhance musical expression |
front 45 spiritoso | back 45 spirited |
front 46 staccato | back 46 detached |
front 47 tempo | back 47 speed at which music is performed |
front 48 Tempo primo (Tempo I) | back 48 return to the original tempo |
front 49 tranquillo | back 49 quiet, tranquil |
front 50 vivace | back 50 lively, brisk |