front 1 What is a type of surgical drape that is typically made of a thin, clear plastic material that has an adhesive backing and is applied to the skin; the drape may be impregnated with an antimicrobial iodine agent | back 1 adhesive |
front 2 What is it to foresee or prepare for a situation before it occurs, such as the surgical technologist anticipating the surgeon’s needs | back 2 anticipate |
front 3 What refers to an agent capable of killing some microorganisms and suppressing the growth of other types of microbes | back 3 antimicrobial |
front 4 What is the pulse taken at the apex of the heart | back 4 apical pulse |
front 5 What is biologic material, which may be infective, that threatens humans or the environment | back 5 biohazard |
front 6 What is difficult or labored breathing | back 6 dyspnea |
front 7 What is a position in which the patient lies face downward | back 7 Prone |
front 8 What are microorganisms that live on and within the body and that are beneficial for health; typically refers to bacteria that live below the skin surface in hair follicles and glandular openings; also referred to as normal or resident flora | back 8 resident organisms |
front 9 What is a state of being calm, usually effected by means of a sedative drug | back 9 sedation |
front 10 What are members of the surgical team who has performed a surgical scrub, donned the sterile gown and gloves, and works within the sterile field | back 10 sterile team members |
front 11 What is a hand and arm wash that is performed prior to donning the sterile gown and gloves; used for the purpose of removing as many microorganisms as possible | back 11 surgical scrub |
front 12 What are organisms that reside on the surface of the skin and are easily removed by hand washing | back 12 transient organisms |
front 13 What are measurements of bodily functions essential to life, including temperature, pulse, respiration (TPR), and blood pressure | back 13 vital signs |
front 14 What is a sterile surgical gown that “wraps” around the individual to enclose the body from the neck to the middle of the lower leg, and is kept in place by ties and Velcro strips | back 14 wraparound-style gown |
front 15 The ability to .......... , or , ......the needs of the surgeon during case management is one of the most important skills of the surgical technologist | back 15 anticipate or predict |
front 16 What is a surgical wound that begins 2 to 5 cm above the anterior superior iliac spine and runs parallel to the external oblique muscle of the abdomen. This incision is used for an appendectomy. | back 16 McBurney’s incision |
front 17 What must be removed because of the danger that they will fall into the pharynx and cause respiratory obstruction when the jaw relaxes under anesthesia | back 17 Dentures |
front 18 Surgeons may request that the patient shower with an antiseptic containing ............ in some cases where there is a particular risk of surgical site infection (SSI). | back 18 chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine |
front 19 What is used at some medical facilities instead of shaving surgical sites | back 19 depilatory cream. |
front 20 Who recommends not removing hair preoperatively unless it interferes with the operation, as microbial counts have been shown to be increased in pre-shaved areas of the skin. | back 20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |
front 21 What is not permitted prior to surgery to prevent the danger of aspiration should the patient vomit while under anesthesia, which can lead to pneumonia and death | back 21 No food or liquid by mouth for at least 6–8 hours |
front 22 What consists of a scrub suit and hair cover. A mask and shoe covers may also be required. | back 22 OR attire |
front 23 The use of cosmetics (e.g., makeup, fragrance, nail polish, or artificial nails or tips) and wearing of jewelry of any type, including a wedding band, is restricted according to facility policy. | back 23 In OR attire |
front 24 1.Apply hair cover prior to donning scrub suit.
| back 24 Operating Room Attire technique |
front 25 As part of ........ , gloves must be worn any time contact with broken skin or body fluids is expected. | back 25 Standard Precautions |
front 26 Whatbe disposable or reusable and must be constructed of a lint-free woven or nonwoven fabric that offers a protective barrier | back 26 Sterile gowns |
front 27 The front of the gown from the mid-chest level to the waist and the sleeves circumferentially
| back 27 sterile |
front 28 What is recommended for the following reasons:
| back 28 double gloving |
front 29 What are these steps?
| back 29 Preparing the OR |
front 30 All tables that are to be set up as part of the sterile field should be placed at least ...... | back 30 12 inches from the walls and as far away from OR doors as possible |
front 31 What is being created at this point
| back 31 Creating and Maintaining the Sterile Field |
front 32 What are these steps for?
| back 32 Self-gowning |
front 33 What are these steps for?
| back 33 Turning the gown |
front 34 What are these steps for?
| back 34 Principles of back table setup |
front 35 What are these steps for?
| back 35 Organizing the back table |
front 36 What is the process if you have an incorrect sponge/sharps count?
| back 36 Problems with Sponge/sharps Counts |
front 37 The initial count is accomplished by showing the circulator the needle picture on the .......... . However, needle packets with multiple needles must be opened and the needles counted. | back 37 suture packet |
front 38 What will the sharps count include | back 38 hypodermic needles, free needles, scalpel blades, and ESU tip(s). |
front 39 What is loss of heat from the patient’s body to the environment | back 39 Radiation |
front 40 What is loss of heat into the air currents (the “wind chill” effect) | back 40 Convection |
front 41 What is loss of heat from the patient’s body into a cooler surface such as the operating table | back 41 Conduction |
front 42 What is loss of heat via perspiration or respiration | back 42 Evaporation |
front 43 What are the 2 major modes of patient heat loss | back 43 Radiation and convection |
front 44 What is common and can cause serious cardiovascular and respiratory complications as well as discomfort, dental damage, and damage to the surgical repairs | back 44 Postoperative shivering |
front 45 What increases muscle metabolism, increasing oxygen consumption | back 45 Postoperative shivering |
front 46 Increased oxygen demand puts undue strain on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. This undue stress may cause bradycardia and .............. | back 46 premature ventricular contractions. |
front 47 What caused by hypothermia slows metabolism of medications, which in turn slows emergence from anesthesia. | back 47 The central nervous system depression |
front 48 The most effective, albeit most extreme and invasive, means of warming core temperature are direct treatments like ........ | back 48 warmed gastric lavage, peritoneal irrigation, and fluid warmers for blood and blood products and IV fluids |
front 49 Where should the safety strap be securely placed | back 49 2 inches proximal to the knees |
front 50 The arm boards should not be abducted more than ...... to avoid nerve damage | back 50 90 degrees |
front 51 What are the Normal Temperature Values for oral | back 51 98.6°F (37°C) |
front 52 What are the Normal Temperature Values for Rectal | back 52 99.6°F (37.6°C) |
front 53 What are the Normal Temperature Values for Axillary | back 53 97.6°F (36.4°C) |
front 54 What are the normal pulse values at birth | back 54 130–160 bpm |
front 55 What are the normal pulse values in adults | back 55 60–80 bpm |
front 56 What may also be monitored apically, or at the apex of the heart, by using a stethoscope to listen at the level of the fifth and sixth ribs just to the left of the sternum and just below the nipple | back 56 The apical pulse |
front 57 What pulse abnormality presents for Tachycardia | back 57 >100 bpm |
front 58 What pulse abnormality presents for Bradycardia | back 58 <60 bpm |
front 59 What is noted when monitoring respiration, | back 59 rate, rhythm, and depth are noted |
front 60 What is a measure of the pattern of breathing | back 60 Rhythm of respiration |
front 61 What is the amount of air taken in and exhaled with each respiration, an amount that is easily measured by anesthesia equipment in the OR. | back 61 The depth of respiration |
front 62 What is recorded, along with whether respirations are shallow or deep | back 62 The rate |
front 63 What disorder is a result of a disruption or damage to lateral medulla oblongata (breathing center) | back 63 Apnea No breathing
|
front 64 What disorder is a result of
| back 64 Bradypnea
|
front 65 What disorder is a result of respiratory pathologies, cardiovascular pathologies | back 65 Dyspnea Difficult,
|
front 66 What disorder is a result of pneumonia, respiratory insufficiency, respiratory center lesions | back 66 Tachypnea Rapid
|
front 67 When taking blood pressure - on hearing two initial tapping sounds, the gauge is read and the number is recorded as the ....... | back 67 systolic BP |
front 68 When taking blood pressure - sounds disappear altogether. The point at which these sounds disappear is recorded as the ........ | back 68 diastolic BP |
front 69 What position
| back 69 Supine position
|
front 70 What position
| back 70 Trendelenburg position |
front 71 What position
| back 71 The reverse Trendelenburg |
front 72 What position
| back 72 The Fowler’s position |
front 73 What position
| back 73 The lithotomy position |
front 74 What position
| back 74 Prone position |
front 75 What position
| back 75 The Kraske (jackknife) |
front 76 What position
| back 76 lateral recumbent or lateral decubitus position |
front 77 What position
| back 77 The kidney position |
front 78 What position
| back 78 Sims’ position |
front 79 Certain areas are considered contaminated and may require special attention. The general rule in prepping these areas is to prep the surrounding areas first and the contaminated area last and to use a separate sponge for each area. These areas are: | back 79 Skin prep consideration |
front 80 Areas classed as contaminated for prepping - clean last | back 80 •Mucous membranes
|
front 81 Which skin prep provides a rapid and significant reduction in skin microbial counts. | back 81 Alcohol |
front 82 Which skin prep is less likely to cause skin irritation and does not need to be removed. | back 82 Iodophors |
front 83 What skin prep does not provide as rapid a reduction in skin microbial counts as alcohol, but provides a longer residual effect (5–6 hours). | back 83 Chlorhexidine |
front 84 Which procedure do you prep the shoulder, upper arm extending down to the elbow, axilla, and chest to the table line and to the shoulder opposite from the affected side | back 84 For procedures in the area of the chest and breast |
front 85 When prepping for this procedure as much of the area surrounding the incision site should be prepped and the prep should always extend to the hairline | back 85 Eyes, Ears, Face, and Nose |
front 86 Foot and ankle procedures you should prep | back 86 Foot and leg from ankle to knee |
front 87 Bilateral leg procedures you should prep | back 87 Both legs from toes to waist level |
front 88 Hip procedures you should prep | back 88 Abdomen on affected side, entire leg and foot, buttocks to the table line, groin, and pubis |
front 89 Hand procedures you should prep | back 89 Hand and arm to 775 cm (3 inches) above the elbow |
front 90 Shoulder procedures you should prep | back 90 Base of neck, shoulder, scapula, chest to midline, and circumference of upper arm down to the elbow |
front 91 Arm procedures you should prep | back 91 Entire arm, shoulder, and axilla, including hand |
front 92 Which prep should begin at the pubic area, using a downward motion toward and over the genitalia and perineum. Each sponge should be discarded after going over the anus | back 92 The perineal prep |
front 93 Which prep may forceps will be necessary for the internal portion of the prep. The pubis, vulva, labia, perineum, and anus are prepped, including the upper thigh. begin over the pubic area and move downward over the vulva and perineum. Each sponge should be discarded after going over the anus | back 93 vaginal prep |
front 94 •All four towels and the four non perforating towel clips, if needed, are carried together to the individual applying the drapes.
| back 94 Towel placement |
front 95 What is this draping procedure
| back 95 Draping the perineum |
front 96 What is this draping procedure
| back 96 Draping an extremity |
front 97 What phase of case management begins when the incision is made | back 97 intraoperative phase |
front 98 What are passed by holding the box lock of the instrument and placing the rings in the palm of the surgeon’s open receiving hand. | back 98 Ringed instruments |
front 99 What are moved away from the operating table and kept sterile until the patient is out of the OR, being transported to the PACU. | back 99 The sterile back table, Mayo stand, and basin set |