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A&P II Quiz 2

front 1

If transduction does not occur, what do you perceive about a stimulus?

back 1

It is as though the stimulus did not take place and you feel nothing

front 2

Receptor A has a circular receptive field with a diameter of 2.5cm. Receptor B has a circular receptive field of 7.0cm in diameter. Which receptor allows you to more precisely localize a stimulus?

back 2

Receptor A

front 3

Distinguishing facts concerning tonic receptors include all of the following except:

back 3

Tonic receptors are active for a short time whenever a change occurs in conditions monitored

front 4

Which of the following has occurred if you no longer notice the smell of a dirty cat litter box?

back 4

Central adaptation

front 5

Parkinson's disease manifests which of the following abnormalities?

back 5

Excitatory neurons in the basal nuclei become more active, leading to faulty control of voluntary movements

front 6

The cerebellum monitors proprioceptive information for which two senses?

back 6

Vestibular and visual

front 7

Why is cerebellar control over well-practiced movements, such as swinging a baseball bat, important?

back 7

Concentrating on voluntary control using the motor cortex disrupts the pattern and rhythm

front 8

How many motor neurons are required to conduct an action potential from the spinal cord to smooth muscles in the wall of the intestine?

back 8

Two

front 9

What physiological changes occur in someone who is confronted by a large, vicious, growling dog?

back 9

Increase in heart rate and blood pressure

front 10

Which structure contains a modified sympathetic ganglion?

back 10

Adrenal medulla

front 11

How is the adrenal medulla able to affect target cells throughout the body?

back 11

Epinephrine and norepinephrine act as hormones and travel through capillaries

front 12

How does a drug that stimulates acetylcholine receptors affect the sympathetic nervous system?

back 12

The drug increases sympathetic activity

front 13

How does a b blocker mediate high blood pressure?

back 13

The drug prevents sympathetic stimulation

front 14

Stimulation of b receptors leads to all of the following except ___?

back 14

Constriction of smooth muscle along respiratory passageways

front 15

Since the sympathetic division travels through T1-L2, how are the organs of the head supplied with sympathetic innervation?

back 15

Preganglionic fibers ascend through the sympathetic trunk to cervical sympathetic ganglia

front 16

What is the function of the auditory tube?

back 16

it permits equalization of pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane

front 17

What is the role of the auditory ossicles in hearing?

back 17

They act as levers that conduct vibrations to the inner ear

front 18

You are attending an incredibly loud rock concert. What is the reaction of your tensor tympani to the noise?

back 18

It contracts to pull the malleus medially and stiffens the tympanic membrane

front 19

Which structures comprise the major subdivisions of the bony labyrinth?

back 19

Vestibule, three semicircular canals, and the cochlea

front 20

Which cranial nerve supplies taste buds located in circumvallate papillae?

back 20

Glossopharyngeal nerve

front 21

Why can corneal transplant surgeries be performed between unrelated individuals without the risk of rejection?

back 21

There are no blood vessels in the cornea, so white blood cells cannot attack the foreign tissue

front 22

Which of the following is correct concerning the function of the uvea (vascular tunic)?

back 22

It regulated the amount of light entering the eye

front 23

Which of these statements correctly describes the location of rods and cones on the retina?

back 23

Cones are located at the center of the retina, rods at the periphery

front 24

Why are rods best suited for night vision?

back 24

Rods have a low threshold for activation

front 25

How does stimulation of muscarinic receptors in cardiac muscle affect the heart?

back 25

Decreased heart rate

front 26

Why is the parasympathetic division sometimes referred to as the "anabolic system"?

back 26

Its stimulation increases nutrient content of blood

front 27

What are the two types of ACh receptors located on postsynaptic membranes of the parasympathetic neurons?

back 27

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

front 28

Which of these are not symptoms of muscarine poisoning?

back 28

High blood pressure and rapid HR

front 29

What physiological changes occur in an anxious patient who is about to undergo a root canal procedure?

back 29

All of the above

front 30

Which of the following is correct concerning dual innervation?

back 30

Organs receive information for both sympathetic and parasympathetic division of the ANS

front 31

Harry has a brain tumor that is interfering with the function of his hypothalamus. Could this tumor interfere with autonomic function? Why or why not?

back 31

Yes; hypothalamus regulates ANS

front 32

Which of the following is not a characteristic of higher order functions?

back 32

Part of the programmed wiring of the brain

front 33

As you recall facts while you take your A&P test, which type of memory are you using?

back 33

Short term memory

front 34

Which of these is a fact pertaining to REM sleep?

back 34

There is intense inhibition of somatic motor neurons

front 35

How does LSD affect the brain stem, hypothalamuc, and limbic system? What is the result?

back 35

Activated serotonin receptors/hallucinations

front 36

Why does the smell of formaldehyde seem to dissipate during the time you spend in the dissection lab, yet you are able to detect the cologne of someone who just entered the lab?

back 36

Central adaptation has occurred, though olfactory receptors retain sensitivity to other smells

front 37

What is the consequence if drainage of aqueous humor through the canal of Schlemm (scleral venous sinus) is blocked?

back 37

Intraocular pressure increases, leading to glaucoma

front 38

Which of the following is true of olfactory discrimination?

back 38

There are different types of olfactory receptor cells to detect each type of odorant

front 39

All of the following are true of olfactory pathways, except

back 39

primary afferents synapse in the olfactory bulb

front 40

Some neural tissues retain stem cells and thus the capacity to divide and replace lost neurons. Which of these special senses can replace its damaged neural receptors?

back 40

Proprioreception

front 41

A normal, relaxed inhalation carries about ____ of the inhaled air to the olfactory organs.

back 41

50 percent

front 42

How would a molecule that mimics cAMP affect an olfactory receptor?

back 42

All of the answers are correct

front 43

Stimulation of nociceptive receptors within the trigeminal nerve might produce a perception of

back 43

decidedly bitter

front 44

Taste receptors are distributed in which of the following paces

back 44

surface of the tongue

front 45

An adult has approximately ____ taste buds.

back 45

30,000

front 46

All of the following are terms describing the epithelial projections found on the tongue, except

back 46

circumvallate papillae

front 47

Taste buds are monitored by which cranial nerve(s)?

back 47

glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

front 48

A patient who experienced head trauma has the ability to taste spicy food. You should expect damage to cranial nerve ____.

back 48

XII

front 49

Stimulation of nociceptive receptors within the trigeminal nerve might produce a perception of

back 49

peppery hot

front 50

Taste receptors are distributed in which of the following places?

back 50

Surface of the tongue

front 51

An adult has approximately ___ taste buds

back 51

3,000

front 52

All of the following are terms describing the epithelial projections found on the tongue, except

back 52

Gustatory papillae

front 53

Taste buds are monitored by which cranial nerve(s)?

back 53

facial nerve (VII), vagus nerve (X), and glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

front 54

A patient who experienced head trauma has lost the ability to taste spicy food. You should expect damage to cranial nerve ____.

back 54

V

front 55

Which of the following is not one of the six primary taste sensations?

back 55

peppery

front 56

The taste sensation that is triggered by the amino acid glucamate is known as

back 56

umami

front 57

The neural tunic of the eye

back 57

All of the answers are correct

front 58

The human lens focuses light on the photoreceptor cells by

back 58

changing shape

front 59

The vitreous body

back 59

helps to stabilize the eye and give physical support to the retina

front 60

The space between the cornea and the iris is the

back 60

anterior chamber

front 61

The shape of the lens is controlled by the

back 61

ciliary muscles

front 62

The ____ covers most of the exposed surface of the eye.

back 62

conjunctiva

front 63

The ciliary muscle contracts to

back 63

adjust the shape of the lens for near vision

front 64

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term aqueous humor?

back 64

excessive production may lead to glaucoma

front 65

Which of the following description applies to the term myopia?

back 65

nearsightedness

front 66

A ray of light entering the eye will encounter these structures in which order?

back 66

conjunctiva->cornea->aqueous humor->lens->vitreous body->retina->choroid

front 67

The ___ ear collects sounds waves and transmits them to the ____ ear, which contains auditory ossicles

back 67

outer; middle

front 68

The external acoustic meatus ends at

back 68

the tympanic membrane

front 69

The auditory ossicles connect the

back 69

tympanic membrane to the oval window

front 70

The vibration received by the tympanic membrane are transferred to the oval window by the

back 70

auditory ossicles

front 71

The middle ear communicate with the nasopharynx through the

back 71

auditory tube

front 72

The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors in the

back 72

inner ear

front 73

Standing still in an elevator that suddenly lowers will stimulate receptors in the

back 73

utricle and saccule

front 74

An infection that damages the vestibular nerve could result in a loss of

back 74

equilibrium

front 75

The hair cells of the utricle and saccule are clustered in

back 75

maculae