front 1 anatomy | back 1 the science of body structures and the relationships among them |
front 2 dissection | back 2 the careful cutting apart of the body structures to study their relationships |
front 3 physiology | back 3 the science of body functions-how the body works |
front 4 embryology | back 4 the first eight weeks of development after fertilization of a human egg |
front 5 developmental biology | back 5 the complete development of an individual from fertilization to death |
front 6 cell biology | back 6 cellular structure and functions |
front 7 histology | back 7 microscopic structure of tissues |
front 8 gross anatomy | back 8 structures that can be examined without a microscope |
front 9 systemic anatomy | back 9 structure of specific systems of the body such as the nervous or respiratory systems |
front 10 regional anatomy | back 10 specific regions of the body such as the head or chest |
front 11 surface anatomy | back 11 surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through visualization and palpation (gentle touch) |
front 12 imaging anatomy | back 12 body structures that can be visualized with techniques such as x-rays, MRI, and CT scans |
front 13 pathological anatomy | back 13 structural changes (gross to microscopic) associated with disease |
front 14 neurophysiology | back 14 functional properties of nerve cells |
front 15 endocrinology | back 15 hormones (chemical regulators in the blood) and how they control body functions |
front 16 cardiovascular physiology | back 16 functions of the heart and blood |
front 17 immunology | back 17 the body's defenses against disease-causing agents |
front 18 respiratory physiology | back 18 functions of the air passageways and lungs |
front 19 renal physiology | back 19 functions of the kidneys |
front 20 exercise physiology | back 20 changes in the cell and organ functions due to muscular activity |
front 21 pathophysiology | back 21 functional changes associated with disease and aging |
front 22 atoms | back 22 the smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions |
front 23 molecules | back 23 two or more atoms joined together |
front 24 chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, system level | back 24 levels of structural organization in the human body |
front 25 cellular level | back 25 molecules combine to form cells, the basic structural units of an organism that are composed of chemicals |
front 26 tissues | back 26 groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function |
front 27 epithelial tissue | back 27 covers body surfaces |
front 28 connective tissue | back 28 connects, supports, and protects body organs while distributing blood vessels to other organs |
front 29 muscular tissue | back 29 contracts to make body parts move and generates heat |
front 30 nervous tissue | back 30 carries information from one part of the body to another through nerve impulses |
front 31 organ level | back 31 different types of tissues are joined together |
front 32 organs | back 32 structures that are composed of two or more different types of tissues |
front 33 system | back 33 related organs with a common function |
front 34 organism | back 34 any living individual |
front 35 metabolism | back 35 the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body |
front 36 catabolism | back 36 the breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components |
front 37 anabolism | back 37 the building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components |
front 38 responsiveness | back 38 the body's ability to detect and respond to changes |
front 39 movement | back 39 includes motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny structures inside cells |
front 40 growth | back 40 an increase in body size that results from an increase in the size of existing cells, increase in the number of cells, or both |
front 41 differentiation | back 41 the development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state |
front 42 reproduction | back 42 the formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair, or replacement, or the production of a new individual |