Print Options

Card layout:

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
Print these notecards...Print as a list

66 notecards = 17 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

A&P Chapter 10 - Lecture Exam 2

front 1

1) How much of the total body weight of an average adult is muscle tissue?

a) 20-30%

b) 30-40%

c) 40-50%

d) 50-60%

e) 60-70%

back 1

c) 40-50%

front 2

3) The different types of muscle tissue differ from each other by

a) microscopic anatomy.

b) location.

c) type of Control.

d) both microscopic anatomy and location.

e) All of these choices are correct.

back 2

e) All of these choices are correct.

front 3

4) Which of the following is NOT a major function of muscle tissue?

a) moving blood throughout the body

b) generating heat through contractions

c) stabilizing the movement of joints

d) promoting movement of body structures

e) Production of Vitamins.

back 3

e) Production of Vitamins.

front 4

5) This is the property of muscle that gives it the ability to stretch without damage.

a) electrical excitability

b) contractility

c) extensibility

d) elasticity

e) thermogenesis

back 4

c) extensibility

front 5

6) In an isometric contraction the muscle develops tension but does not

a) lengthen.

b) widen.

c) does not expend energy.

d) conduct electrical current.

e) exhibit elasticity.

back 5

a) lengthen.

front 6

7) This is the outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle.

a) tendon

b) ligament

c) endomysium

d) epimysium

e) perimysium

back 6

d) epimysium

front 7

8) The type of tendon formed when the connective tissue elements of a skeletal muscle extend as a broad flat layer.

a) perimysium

b) deep fascia

c) fascicle

d) aponeurosis

e) endomysium

back 7

d) aponeurosis

front 8

9) How many arteries and veins usually accompany a single nerve penetrating a skeletal muscle?

a) one artery and one or two veins

b) two arteries and two veins

c) three arteries and two veins

d) one artery and three veins

e) one artery and a varied amount of veins

back 8

a) one artery and one or two veins

front 9

10) In neuromuscular junctions, synaptic vesicles containing acetylcholine are found suspended in the cytosol of

a) myelin bulbs.

b) neuromuscular bulbs.

c) synaptic end bulbs.

d) axon collateral bulbs.

e) tubule bulbs.

back 9

c) synaptic end bulbs.

front 10

11) After the fusion of myoblasts, the muscle fiber loses its ability to do what?

a) grow

b) lengthen

c) contract

d) go through cell division.

e) all of the answer choices

back 10

d) go through cell division.

front 11

12) Which of the following correctly lists the sequence of structures that action potentials must move through to excite skeletal muscle contraction?

a) sarcolemma, axon of neuron, T tubules

b) T tubules, sarcolemma, myofilament

c) muscle fiber, axon of neuron, myofibrils

d) axon of neuron, sarcolemma, T tubules

e) myofibrils, myofilaments, mitochondria

back 11

d) axon of neuron, sarcolemma, T tubules

front 12

13) The mitochondria in skeletal muscle fiber are arranged

a) randomly throughout the sarcoplasm.

b) in circles around the T-tubules.

c) around the nuclei.

d) in rows near the contractile muscle proteins.

e) close to the sarcolemma.

back 12

d) in rows near the contractile muscle proteins.

front 13

14) The contractile organelles of a skeletal muscle fiber are thread-like structures called

a) myofibrils.

b) myoglobin.

c) mitochondria.

d) Z discs.

e) M lines.

back 13

a) myofibrils.

front 14

15) Release of calcium from these structures triggers skeletal muscle contraction.

a) myofibrils

b) mitochondria

c) terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum

d) T-tubules e) none of the answer choices

back 14

c) terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum

front 15

16) The sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle fibers is used for storing

a) oxygen.

b) ATP.

c) PO43-.

d) Na+.

e) Ca2+.

back 15

e) Ca2+.

front 16

17) Which of the following regions of a sarcomere contain thin filaments?

a) I band

b) A band

c) H zone

d) Both I band and A band.

e) All of these answer choices are correct.

back 16

d) Both I band and A band.

front 17

18) Which of the following regions of the sarcomere contain thick filaments?

a) zone of overlap

b) A band

c) H zone

d) both A band and H zone

e) All of these answer choices are correct.

back 17

e) All of these answer choices are correct.

front 18

19) Myofibrils contain

a) contractile proteins.

b) regulatory proteins.

c) structural proteins.

d) all of these answers are correct.

e) none of these answers are correct.

back 18

d) all of these answers are correct.

front 19

20) Which of the following functions as a motor protein in all three types of muscle tissue?

a) actin

b) myosin

c) troponin

d) titin

e) tropomyosin

back 19

b) myosin

front 20

21) What regulatory proteins can be found in the thin filaments of skeletal muscle fibers?

a) troponin and titin

b) tropomyosin and troponin

c) myosin and titin

d) titin and tropomyosin

e) tropomyosin and myosin

back 20

b) tropomyosin and troponin

front 21

22) Which of the regions of a sarcomere contain titin?

a) the A band only

b) the H zone only

c) the zone of overlap only

d) from M line to Z disc

e) the I band only

back 21

d) from M line to Z disc

front 22

23) Which of the following proteins is used to reinforce the sarcolemma and to help transmit the tension generated by the sarcomeres to the tendons?

a) troponin

b) tropomyosin

c) myosin

d) actin

e) dystrophin

back 22

e) dystrophin

front 23

24) During muscle contraction by the sliding filament mechanism, thin filaments are pulled towards the

a) Z disc.

b) H zone.

c) M line.

d) A band.

e) I band.

back 23

c) M line.

front 24

25) Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol

a) at the beginning of a contraction.

b) in response to acetylcholine binding to Ca2+ release channels.

c) by active transport using Ca2+ pumps in the SR membrane.

d) after the contraction ends.

e) All of these answers are correct.

back 24

a) at the beginning of a contraction.

front 25

26) What energizes the myosin head?

a) the actin filaments

b) calcium ions

c) potassium ions

d) ATP hydrolysis reaction

e) ADP synthesis

back 25

d) ATP hydrolysis reaction

front 26

27) Skeletal muscle contraction will continue to occur as long as the following chemicals are available in the cytosol of the muscle fiber.

a) ATP and acetylcholine (ACh)

b) calcium ions and ATP

c) ACh and potassium ions

d) sodium ions and ATP

e) calcium and ACh

back 26

b) calcium ions and ATP

front 27

28) To stimulate skeletal muscle contraction, acetylcholine must cross the neuromuscular junction and bind to receptors on the motor endplate.

a) node of Ranvier

b) synaptic cleft

c) sarcolemma

d) synaptic end bulb

e) transverse tubule

back 27

b) synaptic cleft

front 28

29) Which of the following are commonly used to produce ATP during skeletal muscle contraction?

a) creatine phosphate

b) anaerobic cellular respiration

c) aerobic cellular respiration

d) All of these choices are correct.

e) None of these choices are correct.

back 28

d) All of these choices are correct.

front 29

30) In skeletal muscles, the combined amounts of creatine phosphate and ATP provide enough energy for the muscle to contract maximally for approximately

a) 15 seconds.

b) 15 minutes.

c) 1.5 minutes.

d) 5 seconds.

e) one minute.

back 29

a) 15 seconds.

front 30

32) This consists of a somatic motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates.

a) sarcomere

b) motor unit

c) neuromuscular junction

d) muscle unit

e) multi-unit smooth muscle

back 30

b) motor unit

front 31

33) A brief contraction of all muscle fibers in a motor unit in response to a single action potential moving down the somatic motor neuron is known as

a) isometric contraction.

b) isotonic contraction.

c) tetany.

d) refractory period.

e) twitch contraction.

back 31

e) twitch contraction.

front 32

34) This is also referred to as the period of lost excitability in skeletal muscle fibers.

a) refractory period

b) contraction period

c) latent period

d) relaxation period

e) wave summation

back 32

a) refractory period

front 33

35) A period of sustained skeletal muscle contraction in which individual twitches cannot be detected is called

a) unfused tetanus.

b) muscle atrophy.

c) flaccidity.

d) fused tetanus.

e) wave summation.

back 33

d) fused tetanus.

front 34

36) Increasing the number of active motor units within a skeletal muscle is called

a) wave summation.

b) fused tetanus.

c) motor unit recruitment.

d) muscle tone.

e) flaccidity.

back 34

c) motor unit recruitment.

front 35

37) This is the least powerful type of skeletal muscle fiber.

a) slow oxidative fiber

b) fast oxidative fiber

c) fast glycolytic fiber

d) slow glycolytic fiber

e) None of these choices.

back 35

a) slow oxidative fiber

front 36

38) Which of the following microscopic structures is only found in the cardiac muscle tissue?

a) myosin

b) tropomyosin

c) sarcomeres

d) intercalated discs

e) striations

back 36

d) intercalated discs

front 37

39) Which of the following types of muscle tissue contract when excited by their own autorhythmic muscle fibers?

a) cardiac muscle

b) slow twitch oxidative skeletal muscle

c) multi-unit smooth muscle

d) fast twitch glycolytic skeletal muscle

e) All of these choices are correct.

back 37

a) cardiac muscle

front 38

40) Smooth muscle tone is maintained by the prolonged presence of cytosol?

a) ATP

b) calcium ions

c) phosphate ions

d) myoglobin

e) None of these choices.

back 38

b) calcium ions

front 39

41) Hyperplasia is

a) an increase in the size of muscle fibers.

b) a decrease in the size of muscle fibers.

c) an increase in the number of muscle fibers.

d) a decrease in the number of muscle fibers.

e) none of these choices.

back 39

c) an increase in the number of muscle fibers.

front 40

75) Which of the following disorders is characterized by the wasting away of muscles due to the progressive loss of myofibrils?

a) muscular hypertrophy

b) muscular atrophy

c) fibromyalgia

d) myasthenia gravis

e) tremors

back 40

b) muscular atrophy

front 41

76) Which of the following best describes the condition known as muscular hypertrophy?

a) decrease in diameter of muscle fibers

b) torn sarcolemmas and damaged myofibrils

c) increase in diameter of muscle fibers

d) actin and myosin remain attached by crossbridges and the muscle is rigid

e) damaged neuromuscular junctions

back 41

c) increase in diameter of muscle fibers

front 42

77) Which of the following is NOT seen in exercise-induced muscle damage?

a) torn sarcolemmas

b) damaged myofibrils

c) sore muscles

d) progressive degeneration of muscles

e) disrupted Z-discs

back 42

d) progressive degeneration of muscles

front 43

78) Which event does not occur during the onset of rigor mortis?

a) Enzymes from lysosomes digest crossbridges.

b) Cellular membranes become leaky.

c) Myosin heads bind to actin.

d) Calcium ions leak out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

e) ATP synthesis ceases.

back 43

a) Enzymes from lysosomes digest crossbridges.

front 44

79) Which is a correct sequence of events in the onset of rigor mortis?

a) Cellular membranes become leaky -> myosin heads bind to actin -> calcium ions leak into the sarcoplasm -> muscles are in a state of rigidity.

b) Cellular membranes become leaky -> calcium ions leak into the sarcoplasm -> myosin heads bind to actin -> muscles are in a state of rigidity.

c) Myosin heads bind to actin -> cellular membranes become leaky -> calcium ions leak into the sarcoplasm -> muscles are in a state of rigidity.

d) Calcium ions leak into the sarcoplasm -> cellular membranes become leaky -> myosin heads bind to actin -> muscles are in a state of rigidity.

e) Calcium ions leak into the sarcoplasm -> myosin heads bind to actin -> muscles are in a state of rigidity -> cellular membranes become leaky.

back 44

b) Cellular membranes become leaky -> calcium ions leak into the sarcoplasm -> myosin heads bind to actin -> muscles are in a state of rigidity.

front 45

80) An EMG can be used to determine each of the following except

a) the source of muscle weakness.

b) paralysis due to muscle malfunction.

c) paralysis due to nerve supplying the muscle.

e) diagnose certain muscle disorders like muscular dystrophy.

f) find the precise location of a muscle tumor.

back 45

e) diagnose certain muscle disorders like muscular dystrophy.

front 46

81) Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of creatine supplementation?

a) decrease in the body’s own synthesis of creatine

b) kidney dysfunction

c) dehydration

d) all of these choices

e) rigor mortis

back 46

e) rigor mortis

front 47

86) Which term or condition in characterized by a loss of muscle tone?

a) spasticity

b) flaccid paralysis

c) spastic paralysis

d) rigidity

e) hypertonia

back 47

b) flaccid paralysis

front 48

90) Which is a NOT a side-effect of anabolic steroid use by male athletes?

a) sterility

b) baldness

c) diminished testosterone secretion

d) deepening of the voice

e) atrophy of testes

back 48

d) deepening of the voice

front 49

91) Which is a NOT a side-effect of anabolic steroid use by female athletes?

a) sterility

b) baldness

c) facial hair growth

d) menstrual irregularities

e) deepening of the voice

back 49

b) baldness

front 50

92) Which of the following types of abnormal contractions of skeletal muscle may be caused by holding a position for a prolonged period?

a) spasm

b) fasciculation

c) tremor

d) fibrillation

e) cramp

back 50

e) cramp

front 51

93) Which of the following types of abnormal contractions of skeletal muscle is a rhythmic, involuntary, purposeless quivering or shaking movement?

a) tetanus

b) fasciculation

c) tremor

d) fibrillation

e) cramp

back 51

c) tremor

front 52

94) Which of the following types of abnormal contractions of skeletal muscle is caused by a twitch of an entire motor unit and is visible under the skin?

a) tic

b) fasciculation

c) tremor

d) fibrillation

e) cramp

back 52

b) fasciculation

front 53

95) Which of the following types of abnormal contractions of skeletal muscle is caused by a single muscle fiber, is spontaneous, and is not visible under the skin?

a) tic

b) fasciculation

c) tremor

d) fibrillation

e) cramp

back 53

d) fibrillation

front 54

96) A structural protein that is associated with thin filaments and serves to anchor the thin filament to the Z-disc is called

a) nebulin.

b) titin.

c) myomesin.

d) dystrophin.

e) tropomyosin.

back 54

a) nebulin.

front 55

97) Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe aerobic cellular respiration in skeletal muscles?

a) Pyruvic acid generated by glycolysis enters the mitochondria.

b) O2 is essential.

c) CO2 is produced as a waste product.

d) Lactic acid is continually produced.

e) Can be used to generate ATP from fats, proteins or carbohydrates.

back 55

d) Lactic acid is continually produced.

front 56

98) After prolonged strenuous exercise has stopped, heavy breathing will often continue for several minutes in order to provide the oxygen needed to

a) convert the lactic acid produced during exercise back into glycogen.

b) resynthesize creatine phosphate.

c) replace oxygen displaced from muscle myoglobin.

d) All of these choices

e) None of these choices

back 56

d) All of these choices

front 57

99) Which of the following types of muscle tissue is capable of undergoing the stress-relaxation response when they are stretched?

a) cardiac muscle fibers

b) fast glycolytic fibers

c) fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers

d) slow oxidative fibers

e) single-unit smooth muscle fibers

back 57

e) single-unit smooth muscle fibers

front 58

100) Cross bridges are formed during muscle contraction when on the thick filaments binds to on the thin filaments.

a) myosin; troponin

b) myosin; actin

c) actin; myosin

d) actin; tropomyosin

e) myosin; tropomyosin

back 58

b) myosin; actin

front 59

101) In a neuromuscular junction, the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) binding to receptors on the motor end plate lasts only briefly due to

a) rapid uptake of the ACh into the myofiber.

b) endocytosis of the ACh receptor into the myofiber.

c) rapid destruction of ACh in the synaptic cleft by acetylcholinesterase.

d) rapid destruction of ACh in the synaptic cleft by monoamine oxidase.

e) diffusion of the ACh out of the synaptic cleft.

back 59

c) rapid destruction of ACh in the synaptic cleft by acetylcholinesterase.

front 60

102) During this period of a twitch contraction, the muscle action potential moves along the sarcolemma of the muscle cell and triggers calcium release into the sarcoplasm.

a) latent period

b) contraction period

c) relaxation period

d) absolute refractory period

e) relative refractory period

back 60

a) latent period

front 61

103) Which of following is a common characteristic of fast glycolytic (FG) skeletal muscle fibers?

a) large amount of myoglobin.

b) many mitochondria.

c) low concentration of creatine kinase in the sarcoplasm.

d) slow myosin ATPase.

e) high amount of glycogen in the sarcoplasm.

back 61

e) high amount of glycogen in the sarcoplasm.

front 62

104) Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder that targets the ACh receptors at the NMJ and ultimately reduces the number of available receptors. Predict what happens if you treat the patient with a drug that inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase?

a) prevent contraction

b) weak contraction

c) normal contraction

d) Cause spasm

e) none of these choices

back 62

c) normal contraction

front 63

105) Leg muscles are predominantly composed of which type of muscle fiber?

a) slow oxidative

b) fast glycolytic

c) fast oxidative-glycolytic

d) slow glycolytic

e) fast oxidative

back 63

c) fast oxidative-glycolytic

front 64

107) Biceps are predominantly composed of this type of muscle fiber.

a) slow oxidative

b) fast glycolytic

c) fast oxidative-glycolytic

d) slow glycolytic

e) fast oxidative

back 64

b) fast glycolytic

front 65

108) On which of the following proteins is the enzyme ATPase located?

a) actin

b) myosin

c) titin

d) dystrophin

e) troponin

back 65

b) myosin

front 66

109) After several visits to the gym and serious “iron pumping” (strength training) you notice that your biceps have enlarged. Which one of the following has happened to your muscles?

a) atrophy

b) dystrophy

c) hyperplasia

d) hypertrophy

e) heterotrophy

back 66

d) hypertrophy