Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

24 notecards = 6 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

lab 3rd test

front 1

back 1

Agar plate orientation

front 2

back 2

Different medium

front 3

What type of tube is this?

back 3

Carbohydrate Fermentation tube

Used to determine the ability to ferment carbohydrates (glucose, lactose, mannitol, sucrose & maltose broths w/ phenol red indicator)

Results:
acid production = yellow (pH< 7)
gas production = bubble formation in Durham tube
negative fermentation = red/pink no gas & not yellow (pH 5)

front 4

back 4

Glucose (Carb. test)

Left: Fermentation with acid & gas production (A/G) bubble in tube
2nd: Fermentation acid without gas (A/-) no bubble in tube
3rd: control. 4th: No fermentation no reaction (-/-) red no bubble in tube
5th: degradation of peptone w/alkaline end products (K) no bubble in tube

front 5

IMViC

back 5

Methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, Indole and Citrate

used to distinguish between members of the family Enterobacteriasea and differentiate them from other Gram-negative rods

front 6

back 6

Methyne red

Mixed acid fermentation

Left MR-positive (+) red / mixed acid fermentation

Right MR-negative (-) no color change/ yellow / no mixed acid fermentation

front 7

back 7

Voges–Proskauer

left VP- negative (-) / copper color at top means reaction of KOH and alfa-naphthol / no color change / no 2, 3 butanediol fermentation (no acetoin produced)

right VP-positive (+) / red / 2, 3 butanediol fermentation (acetoin produced)

front 8

back 8

Indole

Organism converts tryptophan to indole

front 9

back 9

Simmons Citrate slants

Left tube: uses citrate (+) blue
Center tube: does not use citrate (-) no color change
Right tube: control inoculated

Simmons Citrate Agar-used to determine if capable of using citrate as the sole source of carbon w/ production of enzyme citratase.

-Medium contains sodium citrate, ammonium salts & brom thymol blue (pH indicator)
-Procedure: stab/streak method then incubate 24-48 hrs

front 10

back 10

Nitrate

Organism reduces NO3 --> NO2

front 11

Nitrate. Reagents A+B added. Interpret tubes

back 11

Tube 1 (left): red, positive result. Nitrate reduced to nitrite
Tube 3, 4: inconclusive, no color change. Must add zinc dust.
Tuble 2: control

front 12

back 12

Nitrate. +Zinc, interpret tubes 3, 4

Tube 3: red color indicates nitrate is still present. Negative result. Organism does not reduce nitrate.

Tube 4: no color change, organism reduced nitrate to some other nitrogenous compound. Positive result.

front 13

back 13

Starch Hydrolysis

Top: no clearing, organism does not break down starch.

Bottom: clearing in medium, organism breaks down starch (amylase is present)

Microorganisms excrete hydrolytic extracellular enzymes in order to degrade starch

Glucose

That will be transported into the cell and use for energy production (Glycolysis)

front 14

back 14

Caesin Hydrolysis test

Casein (proteases)

Organisms producing proteases will show a zone of lipolysis (clear area surrounding the bacterial growth)

front 15

back 15

Caesin Hydrolysis test

Top: casease-positive (+) present of casease
bottom: casease-negative (-) absent of casease

front 16

no data

back 16

Lipid Hydrolysis test

Above lipase-positive (+) lipase present / clearing in agar around growth

Below lipase-positive (-) absent of lipase / no clearing in agar around growth

front 17

back 17

Lipid Hydrolysis test

Lipid ( tributyrin ) (lipases)

Organisms producing lipases will show a zone of lipolysis (clear area surrounding the bacterial growth)

front 18

back 18

Urea hydrolysis

Left urease-positive (+) rapid urea splitter hydrolysis; strong urease production
Center uninoculated control
Right Urease-negative (-) no urea hydrolysis; urease absent

front 19

back 19

Gelatin Hydrolysis test

Top: liquid gelatin indicates gelatinase-postive (+) Gelatin is liquid (control is solid) Gelatinase is present in organism

Bottom: solid gelatin indicates gelatinase-negative (-) Gelatin is solid. No gelatinase is present in organism

Organisms producing proteases will show liquefaction of the gelatin, low temperatures of 4°C will not restore the gel characteristic.

front 20

back 20

SIM MEDIA TEST

SULFUR POSITIVE vs Sulfur NegativeIndole Negative in both(Note: Indole indicator: Kovac)

MOTILITY POSITIVE vs Motility Negative(Note: Motility Indicator: Stabline)

front 21

back 21

Sulfur reduction in SIM medium
-when a species can reduce sulfide there is a black precipitate that forms turning the agar black.

Left No black in the medium / Sulfur is not reduced / H2 S-negative (-)

Right Black in the medium / Sulfur reduced / H2 S-positive (+)

front 22

back 22

Indole test

Left indole-negative (-) organism Reagent color is unchanged Tryptopha is not broken down into indole ad pyruvate

Right indole-positive (+) organism / Red in the alcohol layer of Kovac's reagent. Tryptopha is broken down into indole ad pyruvate

front 23

back 23

Motility in SIM

Left motile organism / Growth radiating outward from stab line

Right nonmotile organism / Non radiating growth

front 24

back 24

Litmus milk Medium