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61 notecards = 16 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Muscles and their function

front 1

Longus Capitis

back 1

  • Concentrically accelerates cervical flexion
    • flex the head and neck, rotate the head ipsilaterally

front 2

Longus Coli

back 2

  • Concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation
  • It is commonly injured in rear end whiplash injuries, usually resulting from a car crash. This muscle is in front of the spine and is thought by some scientists that it may cause some whiplash patients to have an unnatural lack of curvature in the patients' neck.

front 3

Scalenes

back 3

  • Concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, rotiation, and lateral flexion
  • assists rib elevation during inhalation

front 4

Sternocleidomastoid

back 4

  • Concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, rotation and lateral flexion
    • When both sides of the muscle act together, it flexes the neck and extends the head. When one side acts alone, it causes the head to rotate to the opposite side and flexes laterally to the same side (ipsilaterally). It also acts as an accessory muscle of respiration, along with the scalene muscles of the neck.

front 5

Levator Scapulae

back 5

  • Concentrically accelerates cervical extension, lateral and ipsilateral rotation when the scapulaer is anchored
  • Assists in elevation and downward rotation of the scapulae
    • As the Latin name suggests, its main function is to lift the scapula

front 6

Brachialis

back 6

  • Concentrically accelerates elbow flexion
    • is a synergist that assists the biceps brachii in flexing at the elbow

front 7

Brachioradialis

back 7

  • Concentraically accelerates elbow flexion
    • synergist that assists the biceps brachii in flexing at the elbow
    • Other name: Forearm (Upper-outer)

front 8

Triceps Brachii

back 8

  • Concentrically accelerates elbow extension and shoulder extension
    • It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint (straightening of the arm).

front 9

Biceps Brachii

back 9

  • Concentrically accelerates elbow flexion, supination of the radioulnar joint, and shoulder flexion
    • its main function is where it flexes the forearm at the elbow and supinates the forearm. Both these movements are used when opening a bottle with a corkscrew: first biceps unscrews the cork (supination), then it pulls the cork out (flexion).[1

front 10

Supraspinatus

back 10

  • Rotator Cuff
  • Concentrically accelerates abduction of the arm

front 11

Subscapularis

back 11

  • Rotator Cuff
  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder internal rotation
    • rotates the head of the humerus medially (internal rotation); when the arm is raised, it draws the humerus forward and downward. It is a powerful defense to the front of the shoulder-joint, preventing displacement of the head of the humerus.

front 12

Infraspinatus

back 12

  • Rotator Cuff
  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder external rotation
    • As one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff, the main function is to externally rotate the humerus and stabilize the shoulder joint.

front 13

Teres Minor

back 13

  • Rotator Cuff
  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder external rotation
    • help hold the humeral head in the glenoid cavity of the scapula

front 14

Teres Major

back 14

  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder internal rotation, adduction and extension

front 15

Posterior Deltoid

back 15

  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder extension and external rotation.
    • one of 3 deltoid
    • shoulder (rear)

front 16

Medial (lateral) Deltiod

back 16

  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder abduction
    • In addition to being fuctional, this muscle helps create a defined look to your shoulder when developed

front 17

Anterior Deltoid

back 17

  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder flexion and internal rotation

front 18

Pectoralis Minor

back 18

  • Concentrically protacts the scapula
    • Draws scapula forward and and downward

front 19

Pectoralis Major (pecs)

back 19

  • Concentrically acceleratees shoulder flexion, horizontal adduction and internal rotation
    • predominantly used to control the movement of the arm
    • also play a part in deep inhalation, pulling the ribcage to create room for the lungs to expand

front 20

Upper Trapezius

back 20

  • Concentrically accelerates cervical extension, lateral flexion, and rotation
  • Concentrically accelerates scapular elevation (traekker skulderblade up)

front 21

Middle Trapezius

back 21

  • Cencentrically accelerates scapular retraction (traekker skulderblade mod midten)

front 22

Lower Trapezius

back 22

  • Concentrically accelerates scapular depression (traekker skulderblade nedaf)

front 23

Rhomboid Minor

back 23

  • Concentrically produces scapular retraction and downward rotation (smaller)

front 24

Rhomboid Major

back 24

  • Concentrically produces scapular retraction and downward rotation (bigger) (traekker skulder blade sammen)

front 25

Serratus Anterior (wings)

back 25

  • Concentrically accelerates scapular protraction (Abduction)
  • abduct scapula and upwardly rotates it while abducting the arm
  • Stabilize scapular by holding it to chest wall

front 26

Latissimus Dorsi

back 26

  • Concentrically accelerates shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation
  • Adducts the arm (at the shoulder)
  • Medially rotates the arm (at the shoulder)
  • Extends the arm (at the shoulder)

front 27

Multifidus

back 27

  • Concentrically accelerates spinal extension and contralateral rotation
    • Extension of vertebral column (bukke fremover)
    • Lateral flexion of vertebral colum (side boejning)
    • Contralateral (opposite side) rotation

front 28

Quadratus Lumborum

back 28

  • Extension of vertebral column
  • Lateral flexion of vertebral column

"bukke fremover og boeje til siden"

front 29

Superficial Erector Spinae:

  • Iliocostalis
  • Longissimus
  • Spinalis

back 29

  • Concentrically accelerates spinal extension, rotation adn lateral flexion
  • 3 muscles, grouped in one...

front 30

Diaphragm

back 30

  • Concentrically pulls the central tendon inferiorly, increasing the volume in the thoracic cavity (Vejrtraekning)

front 31

Transverse Abdominis

back 31

  • Increases intra-abdominal pressure
  • Supports the abdominal visecera

front 32

Internal Oblique

back 32

Concentrically accelerates spinal flexion, lateral flexion, and ipsilateral rotation

front 33

External Oblique

back 33

  • Concentrically accelerates spinal flexion, laeral flexion, and contralateral rotation

front 34

Rectus Abdominis

back 34

  • Concentrically acceleartes spinal flezion, lateral flexion, and rotation
  • Flexes vertebral column (torso)
  • Compresses abdomen

front 35

Piriformis

back 35

  • Concentrically accelerates hip external rotation, abduction and extension
  • muscle runs behind the hip joint and aids in external hip rotation, or turning your leg outward. The catch here is that the muscle crosses over the sciatic nerve.
  • muscle can become tight from, for example, too much sitting.. and then compress and irritate the sciatic nerve.

front 36

Sartorius

back 36

  • Concentrically accelerates hip flexion, external rotation, and abduction
  • Concentrically accelerates knee flextion and interal rotation
  • muscle assists in flexing, weak abduction and lateral rotation of hip, and flexion of knee. Looking at the bottom of one's foot, as if checking to see if one had stepped in gum, demonstrates all four actions of this muscle.

front 37

Illiacus

back 37

  • Concentrically accelerates hip flexion and external rotation
  • Flexes and laterally rotates thigh at hip
  • Flexes trunk and hip on thigh

front 38

Psoas

back 38

  • Concentrically accelerates hip flexion and esternal rotation
  • Concentrically extends and rotates lumbar spine
  • only major muscle that connects the lower body to the torso
  • When it's tight, you can lose range of motion in the lower back, shoulders, and hips.

front 39

Tensor Fascia Latae
(Including the Iliotibial Band *IT-band*)

back 39

  • Concentrically accelerates hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation
  • muscle, located on the side of your pelvis, helps to stabilize your hip through its connection into a strip of tough connective tissue on your outer thigh called the iliotibial band. Stretching a chronically contracted tensor fasciae latae can help improve the range of motion of your hips

front 40

Gluteus Maximus

back 40

  • Concentrically accelerates hip extension and external rotation
  • Extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip
  • Upper fibers help abduct the thigh (the inferior fibers also help stabilize the extended knee by tightening illiotibial tract)

front 41

Gluteus Minimus

back 41

  • Concentrically accelerates hip abduction and internal rotation
  • Abducts thigh at hip
  • Anterior fibers medially rotate thigh
  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGK-bGR_7qw

front 42

Gluteus Medius

back 42

  • Concentrically accelerates hipabduction and internal rotation (anterior fibers) (Abducts thigh at hip and medially rotates thigh)
  • Concentrically accelerates hip abduction and external rotation (Posterior fibers) (Abducts thigh at hip and laterally rotates thigh at hip)

front 43

Pectineus

back 43

  • Concentrically accelerates hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation
  • Adducts and flexes thigh

front 44

Gracilis

back 44

  • a slender superficial muscle of the inner thigh
  • Concentrically accelerates hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation
  • Assists in tibial internal rotation
  • Adducts thigh at hip (also flexes the leg at the knee and medially rotates leg when knee is flexed)

front 45

Adductor Brevis

back 45

  • Concentrically accelerates hip adduction, flexion and internal rotation
  • Adducts and flexes thigh at hip (may also laterally or medially rotate the thigh

front 46

Adductor Magnus - Posterior Fibers

back 46

  • Concentrically accelerates hip adduction, extension, and external rotation

front 47

Adductor Magnus - Anterior Fibers

back 47

  • Concentrically accelerates hip adduction, flexion and internal rotation

front 48

Adductor Longus

back 48

  • Concentrically accelerates hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation

front 49

Rectus Femoris

  • Quadriceps

back 49

  • Concentrically accelerates knee extension and hip flexion
  • Ecerxise:
    • Longes, Squat, leg press, leg extension

front 50

Vastus Intermedius

  • Quadriceps

back 50

  • Concentrically accelerates knee extension
  • Exercise:
    • Squat, knee extension w/band

front 51

Vastus Medialis

  • Quadriceps

back 51

  • Concentrically accelerates knee extension
  • Exercise:
    • Squat, lunges, leg extension, leg press
  • Exercise benefit
    • knee stability, prevention of patellofemoral joint pain, develop the outer portion of your thighs and stop your knees from turning inward while squatting

front 52

Vastus Lateralis

  • Quadriceps

back 52

  • Concentrically accelerates knee extension
  • Exercise:
    • Squat - Consciously keeping your knees apart requires the lateralis to activate and strengthen
  • Exercise benefit:
    • develop the outer portion of your thighs and stop your knees from turning inward while squatting

front 53

Semitendinousus

  • Hamstring Complex

back 53

  • Concentrically accelerates knee flexion, hip extension, and tibial internal rotation
  • Exercise:
    • leg curling variations, such as the standing and seated leg curl. The hamstrings can be effectively targeted via hip extension with stiff leg deadlifts, traditional deadlifts and good mornings.
  • Exercise benefit:
    • Strong hamstrings are important for a healthy and injury resistant knee joint.

front 54

Biceps Femoris - Short Head

  • Hamstring Complex

back 54

  • Concentrically accelerates kneww flexion and tibial external rotation
  • Exercise:
    • Squat, hamstring curl,leg lift

front 55

Semimembransosus

  • Hamstring Complex

back 55

  • Concentrically accelerates knee flexion, hip extension, and tibial internal rotation
  • Execise:
    • Stiff leg deadlift, clean deadlift, traditional deadlift, hamstring curls.
  • Exercise Benefits
    • The development of the hamstrings (coupled with strengthening of the knee extenders) is particularly important for a stable knee joint. Strong hamstrings can reduce the stress and injury risk to ligaments during dynamic sporting activities.

front 56

Biceps Femoris - Long Head

  • Hamstring Complex

back 56

  • Concentrically acelerates knee flexion and hip extension
  • Tibial external rotation
  • Exercise:
    • Squat, hamstring curl,leg lift

front 57

Anterior Tibialis

  • Lower Leg Musculature

back 57

  • Concentrically accelerates dorsiflexion and inversion
  • Exercise
    • Standing reverse calf raise and the seated reverse calf raise

front 58

Posterior Tibialis

  • Lower Leg Musculature

back 58

  • Concentrically accelerats plantarflexion and inversion of the foot
  • Exercise:
    • Calf raise

front 59

Soleus

  • Lower Leg Musculature

back 59

  • Concentrically accelerates plantarflexion
  • Exercise:
    • Seated calf raises

front 60

Gastrocnemius

  • Lower Leg Musculature

back 60

  • Concentrically accelerates plantarflexion
  • Exercise:
    • Calf raise

front 61

Peroneus Longus

  • Lower Leg Musculature

back 61

  • Concentrically plantarflexes and everts the foot
  • Exercise:
    • Calf raises, elevated calf raises